本文主要研究的是使用Python获取本机所有网卡ip，掩码和广播地址，分享了相关的实例代码，具体介绍如下。
搜了一天，竟然没找到一段合适的代码来获取机器中所有网卡的ip，掩码和广播地址，大部分都是用socket，但是socket通常返回的要不就是内网地址，要不就是公网地址，不能够找到所有地址，真的太忧桑了，决定自己通过ifconfig或ipconfig的返回信息，一步步地过滤了。这次的代码主要用到了正则表达式和subprocess模块，而且为了兼容所有平台（win，linux和mac），也用到了platform来判断系统类型，不说太多，代码如下：
import subprocess
import re
import platform
def find_all_ip(platform):
ipstr = '([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}'
if platform == "Darwin" or platform == "Linux":
ipconfig_process = subprocess.Popen("ifconfig", stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = ipconfig_process.stdout.read()
ip_pattern = re.compile('(inet %s)' % ipstr)
if platform == "Linux":
ip_pattern = re.compile('(inet addr:%s)' % ipstr)
pattern = re.compile(ipstr)
iplist = []
for ipaddr in re.finditer(ip_pattern, str(output)):
ip = pattern.search(ipaddr.group())
if ip.group() != "127.0.0.1":
iplist.append(ip.group())
return iplist
elif platform == "Windows":
ipconfig_process = subprocess.Popen("ipconfig", stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = ipconfig_process.stdout.read()
ip_pattern = re.compile("IPv4 Address(\. )*: %s" % ipstr)
pattern = re.compile(ipstr)
iplist = []
for ipaddr in re.finditer(ip_pattern, str(output)):
ip = pattern.search(ipaddr.group())
if ip.group() != "127.0.0.1":
iplist.append(ip.group())
return iplist
def find_all_mask(platform):
ipstr = '([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}'
maskstr = '0x([0-9a-f]{8})'
if platform == "Darwin" or platform == "Linux":
ipconfig_process = subprocess.Popen("ifconfig", stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = ipconfig_process.stdout.read()
mask_pattern = re.compile('(netmask %s)' % maskstr)
pattern = re.compile(maskstr)
if platform == "Linux":
mask_pattern = re.compile(r'Mask:%s' % ipstr)
pattern = re.compile(ipstr)
masklist = []
for maskaddr in mask_pattern.finditer(str(output)):
mask = pattern.search(maskaddr.group())
if mask.group() != '0xff000000' and mask.group() != '255.0.0.0':
masklist.append(mask.group())
return masklist
elif platform == "Windows":
ipconfig_process = subprocess.Popen("ipconfig", stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = ipconfig_process.stdout.read()
mask_pattern = re.compile(r"Subnet Mask (\. )*: %s" % ipstr)
pattern = re.compile(ipstr)
masklist = []
for maskaddr in mask_pattern.finditer(str(output)):
mask = pattern.search(maskaddr.group())
if mask.group() != '255.0.0.0':
masklist.append(mask.group())
return masklist
def get_broad_addr(ipstr, maskstr):
iptokens = map(int, ipstr.split("."))
masktokens = map(int, maskstr.split("."))
broadlist = []
for i in range(len(iptokens)):
ip = iptokens[i]
mask = masktokens[i]
broad = ip & mask | (~mask & 255)
broadlist.append(broad)
return '.'.join(map(str, broadlist))
def find_all_broad(platform):
ipstr = '([0-9]{1,3}\.){3}[0-9]{1,3}'
if platform == "Darwin" or platform == "Linux":
ipconfig_process = subprocess.Popen("ifconfig", stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
output = (ipconfig_process.stdout.read())
broad_pattern = re.compile('(broadcast %s)' % ipstr)
if platform == "Linux":
broad_pattern = re.compile(r'Bcast:%s' % ipstr)
pattern = re.compile(ipstr)
broadlist = []
for broadaddr in broad_pattern.finditer(str(output)):
broad = pattern.search(broadaddr.group())
broadlist.append(broad.group())
return broadlist
elif platform == "Windows":
iplist = find_all_ip(platform)
masklist = find_all_mask(platform)
broadlist = []
for i in range(len(iplist)):
broadlist.append(get_broad_addr(iplist[i], masklist[i]))
return broadlist
system = platform.system()
print(find_all_ip(system))
print(find_all_mask(system))
print(find_all_broad(system))
总结
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