C语言数据结构之动态分配实现串
说明:堆分配存储实现串时,串并不是以'\0‘, 而是用数据项int length来表示的,所以和传统的c语言操作字符串有所不同。
头文件
#ifndef PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED #define PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> typedef struct { char* ch ; int len ; }HString ; int StrAssign( HString* pstr , char* pch ) ; int StrLength( HString* pstr ) ; int StrCompaer( HString* pstr1 , HString* pstr2 ) ; int StrClear( HString* pstr ) ; int StrConcat( HString* pstr , HString str1 , HString str2 ) ; int StrSub( HString* sub , HString pstr , int pos , int length ) ; int StrPrint( HString* pstr ) ; #endif // PILEHEAD_H_INCLUDED
函数实现
#include "pilehead.h" int StrAssign( HString* pstr , char* pch ) { if( !pstr->len ) { free( pstr->ch ) ; } int i ; for( i = 0 ; pch[i] != '\0' ; i++ ) { ; } if( i == 0 ) { pstr->ch = NULL ; pstr->len = 0 ; } else { pstr->ch = ( char* )malloc( i * sizeof( char ) ) ; pstr->len = i ; } i = 0 ; while( i < pstr->len ) { pstr->ch[i] = pch[i] ; i++ ; } return 0 ; } int StrPrint( HString* pstr ) { int i = 0 ; while( i < pstr->len ) { printf( "%c" , pstr->ch[i] ) ; i++ ; } printf( "\n" ) ; return 0 ; } int StrLength( HString* pstr ) { return pstr->len ; } int StrCompaer( HString* pstr1 , HString* pstr2 ) { int i = 0 ; int ret = 0 ; while( i < pstr1->len && i <pstr2->len ) { ret = pstr1->ch[i] - pstr2->ch[i] ; if( ret < 0 ) { return -1 ; } else if( ret > 0 ) { return 1 ; } else { i++ ; } } int diff = pstr1->len - pstr2->len ; if( diff < 0 ) { return -1 ; } else if( diff == 0 ) { return 0 ; } return 1 ; } int StrClear( HString* pstr ) { if( pstr->ch ) { free( pstr->ch ) ; pstr->ch = NULL ; } pstr->len = 0 ; return 0 ; } int StrConcat( HString* pstr , HString str1 , HString str2 ) { StrClear( pstr ) ; StrAssign( pstr , str1.ch ) ; int len = str1.len ; int len2 = 0 ; while( len2 < str2.len ) { pstr->ch[len++] = str2.ch[len2++] ; } pstr->len = str1.len + str2.len ; return 0 ; } int StrSub( HString* sub , HString pstr , int pos , int length ) { if( pos < 1 || pos > pstr.len || length < 1 || length > pstr.len - pos + 1 ) { printf( "ERROR!\n" ) ; exit( 1 ) ; } StrClear( sub ) ; sub->ch = ( char* )malloc( length * sizeof( char ) ) ; sub->len = length ; int i = 0 ; while( i < length ) { sub->ch[i] = pstr.ch[pos - 1 + i] ; i++ ; } return 0 ; }
测试函数
#include "pilehead.h" int main() { HString str ; HString str1 ; HString str2 ; char* pch = "abcd" ; StrAssign( &str , pch ) ; StrAssign( &str1 , "abcd" ) ; StrAssign( &str2 , "fhasdifhos" ) ; StrPrint( &str ) ; StrPrint( &str1 ) ; /*StrClear( &str ) ; StrPrint( &str ) ; int i = StrCompaer( &str , &str1 ) ; printf( "%d" , i ) ;*/ StrConcat( &str , str1 , str2 ) ; StrPrint( &str ) ; HString s ; StrSub( &s ,str , 4 , 5 ) ; StrPrint( &s ) ; return 0; }
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