怎么在java项目中导出Excel文件？很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。
项目结构如下：
修改pom文件，添加依赖；
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 导出excel --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.14</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.14</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-contrib --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-contrib</artifactId> <version>3.6</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-scratchpad --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency>
新建一个实体类，命名为User.java；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.po;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -9180229310895087286L;
private String name; // 姓名
private String sex; // 性别
private Integer age; // 年龄
private String phoneNo; // 手机号
private String address; // 地址
private String hobby; // 爱好
public User(String name, String sex, Integer age, String phoneNo, String address, String hobby) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.age = age;
this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
this.address = address;
this.hobby = hobby;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhoneNo() {
return phoneNo;
}
public void setPhoneNo(String phoneNo) {
this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public String getHobby() {
return hobby;
}
public void setHobby(String hobby) {
this.hobby = hobby;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [name=" + name + ", sex=" + sex + ", age=" + age + ", phoneNo=" + phoneNo + ", address=" + address
+ ", hobby=" + hobby + "]";
}
}新建一个excel样式工具类；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.utils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
/**
* excle样式工具类
*/
public class ExcelFormatUtil {
/**
* 设置报表头样式
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
public static CellStyle headSytle(SXSSFWorkbook workbook){
// 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
CellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();// cell样式
// 设置单元格背景色，设置单元格背景色以下两句必须同时设置
style1.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 设置填充样式
style1.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.GREY_25_PERCENT.index);// 设置填充色
// 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
Font font1 = workbook.createFont();// 创建一个字体对象
font1.setBoldweight((short) 10);// 设置字体的宽度
font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);// 设置字体的高度
font1.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);// 粗体显示
style1.setFont(font1);// 设置style1的字体
style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
return style1;
}
/**
* 设置报表体样式
* @param wb
* @return
*/
public static CellStyle contentStyle(SXSSFWorkbook wb){
// 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
CellStyle style1 = wb.createCellStyle();// cell样式
// 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
return style1;
}
/**
* 设置报表标题样式
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
public static HSSFCellStyle titleSytle(HSSFWorkbook workbook,short color,short fontSize){
// 设置style1的样式，此样式运用在第二行
HSSFCellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();// cell样式
// 设置单元格背景色，设置单元格背景色以下两句必须同时设置
//style1.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);// 设置填充样式
//short fcolor = color;
if(color != HSSFColor.WHITE.index){
style1.setFillForegroundColor(color);// 设置填充色
}
// 设置单元格上、下、左、右的边框线
style1.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style1.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
HSSFFont font1 = workbook.createFont();// 创建一个字体对象
font1.setBoldweight(fontSize);// 设置字体的宽度
font1.setFontHeightInPoints(fontSize);// 设置字体的高度
font1.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);// 粗体显示
style1.setFont(font1);// 设置style1的字体
style1.setWrapText(true);// 设置自动换行
style1.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中（左右方向）
style1.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 设置单元格字体显示居中(上下方向)
return style1;
}
/**
*设置表头
* @param sheet
*/
public static void initTitleEX(SXSSFSheet sheet, CellStyle header,String title[],int titleLength[]) {
SXSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
row0.setHeight((short) 800);
for(int j = 0;j<title.length; j++) {
SXSSFCell cell = row0.createCell(j);
//设置每一列的字段名
cell.setCellValue(title[j]);
cell.setCellStyle(header);
sheet.setColumnWidth(j, titleLength[j]);
}
}
}新建一个Service接口；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
public interface ExportService {
ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response);
}新建一个Service接口实现类；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.impl;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller.BaseFrontController;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.po.User;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.ExportService;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.utils.ExcelFormatUtil;
@Service
public class ExportServiceImpl implements ExportService{
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExportServiceImpl.class);
@Override
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>开始导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
// 造几条数据
List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.add(new User("唐三藏", "男", 30, "13411111111", "东土大唐", "取西经"));
list.add(new User("孙悟空", "男", 29, "13411111112", "菩提院", "打妖怪"));
list.add(new User("猪八戒", "男", 28, "13411111113", "高老庄", "偷懒"));
list.add(new User("沙悟净", "男", 27, "13411111114", "流沙河", "挑担子"));
BaseFrontController baseFrontController = new BaseFrontController();
return baseFrontController.buildResponseEntity(export((List<User>) list), "用户表.xls");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
logger.error(">>>>>>>>>>导出excel 异常，原因为：" + e.getMessage());
}
return null;
}
private InputStream export(List<User> list) {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始进入导出方法>>>>>>>>>>");
ByteArrayOutputStream output = null;
InputStream inputStream1 = null;
SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook(1000);// 保留1000条数据在内存中
SXSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
// 设置报表头样式
CellStyle header = ExcelFormatUtil.headSytle(wb);// cell样式
CellStyle content = ExcelFormatUtil.contentStyle(wb);// 报表体样式
// 每一列字段名
String[] strs = new String[] { "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "手机号", "地址","爱好" };
// 字段名所在表格的宽度
int[] ints = new int[] { 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000, 5000 };
// 设置表头样式
ExcelFormatUtil.initTitleEX(sheet, header, strs, ints);
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>表头样式设置完成>>>>>>>>>>");
if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始遍历数据组装单元格内容>>>>>>>>>>");
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
User user = list.get(i);
SXSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
int j = 0;
SXSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getName()); // 姓名
cell.setCellStyle(content);
cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getSex()); // 性别
cell.setCellStyle(content);
cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getAge()); // 年龄
cell.setCellStyle(content);
cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getPhoneNo()); // 手机号
cell.setCellStyle(content);
cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getAddress()); // 地址
cell.setCellStyle(content);
cell = row.createCell(j++);
cell.setCellValue(user.getHobby()); // 爱好
cell.setCellStyle(content);
}
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束遍历数据组装单元格内容>>>>>>>>>>");
}
try {
output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
wb.write(output);
inputStream1 = new ByteArrayInputStream(output.toByteArray());
output.flush();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (output != null) {
output.close();
if (inputStream1 != null)
inputStream1.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return inputStream1;
}
}新建一个下载文件的通用controller；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
@Validated
public class BaseFrontController {
/**
* slf4j 日志 logger
*/
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
/**
* 下载文件,纯SpringMVC的API来完成
*
* @param is 文件输入流
* @param name 文件名称,带后缀名
*
* @throws Exception
*/
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> buildResponseEntity(InputStream is, String name) throws Exception {
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>开始下载文件>>>>>>>>>>");
if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled())
this.logger.debug("download: " + name);
HttpHeaders header = new HttpHeaders();
String fileSuffix = name.substring(name.lastIndexOf('.') + 1);
fileSuffix = fileSuffix.toLowerCase();
Map<String, String> arguments = new HashMap<String, String>();
arguments.put("xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
arguments.put("xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel");
String contentType = arguments.get(fileSuffix);
header.add("Content-Type", (StringUtils.hasText(contentType) ? contentType : "application/x-download"));
if(is!=null && is.available()!=0){
header.add("Content-Length", String.valueOf(is.available()));
header.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename*=utf-8'zh_cn'" + URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8"));
byte[] bs = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束下载文件-有记录>>>>>>>>>>");
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>结束导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
return new ResponseEntity<>(bs, header, HttpStatus.OK);
}else{
String string="数据为空";
header.add("Content-Length", "0");
header.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename*=utf-8'zh_cn'" + URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8"));
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>结束下载文件-无记录>>>>>>>>>>");
logger.info(">>>>>>>>>>结束导出excel>>>>>>>>>>");
return new ResponseEntity<>(string.getBytes(), header, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
}新建一个controller，作为请求的入口；
package com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.twf.springcloud.ExportExcel.sevice.ExportService;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/exportExcel/")
public class ExportController {
@Autowired
private ExportService exportService;
// 导出excel
@RequestMapping("exportExcel")
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportExcel(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
return exportService.exportExcel(request,response);
}
}（9）运行ExportExcelApplication，浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/exportExcel/exportExcel，可以下载excel，打开如下：
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