使用docker搭建LAMP环境

环境:Centos7.4
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)

Get the most up-to-date version of Docker
https://get.docker.com

(This script is meant for quick & easy install via:)
[root@oracle ~]# curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
[root@oracle ~]# sh get-docker.sh

[root@oracle ~]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
[root@oracle ~]# docker version
Client:
Version: 18.09.0
API version: 1.39
Go version: go1.10.4
Git commit: 4d60db4
Built: Wed Nov 7 00:48:22 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
Engine:
Version: 18.09.0
API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
Go version: go1.10.4
Git commit: 4d60db4
Built: Wed Nov 7 00:19:08 2018
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: false

[root@oracle ~]# docker search -s 10 lamp
Flag --stars has been deprecated, use --filter=stars=3 instead
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
linode/lamp LAMP on Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS Container 157
tutum/lamp Out-of-the-box LAMP image (PHP+MySQL) 108
greyltc/lamp a super secure, up-to-date and lightweight L猞 92 [OK]
mattrayner/lamp A simple LAMP docker image running the prere猞 55 [OK]
fauria/lamp Modern, developer friendly LAMP stack. Inclu猞 46 [OK]
janes/alpine-lamp lamp base on alpine linux 36 [OK]
nickistre/ubuntu-lamp LAMP server on Ubuntu 26 [OK]
nickistre/centos-lamp LAMP on centos setup 24 [OK]
dgraziotin/lamp 11 [OK]
lioshi/lamp Docker image for LAMP + MySql under debian 10 [OK]

到docker hub的官网去搜索linode/lamp这个镜像,可以查看到他的具体使用说明（查看具体使用说明，避免走弯路）
https://hub.docker.com/r/linode/lamp

[root@oracle ~]# docker pull linode/lamp （下载镜像）
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from linode/lamp
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete
76a4cab4eb20: Pull complete
d2ff49536f4d: Pull complete
f94adccdbb9c: Pull complete
808b5278afbb: Pull complete
ab367f87d978: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4b7af614899c795aa30cb60b62c28b978201c2dca3fb1352a60fec206edb92de
Status: Downloaded newer image for linode/lamp:latest

[root@oracle ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
linode/lamp latest 2359fa12fded 3 years ago 372MB

建立docker卷
[root@oracle ~]# docker volume create lamp_www
[root@oracle ~]# docker volume create lamp_apache_conf
[root@oracle ~]# docker volume create lamp_mysql_conf
[root@oracle ~]# docker volume create lamp_mysql_data

在宿主机创建 /var/lib/docker/volumes目录
[root@oracle ~]# mkdir /var/lib/docker/volumes

启动镜像
[root@oracle ~]# docker run -it -p 80:80 -p 3306:3306 -v lamp_www:/var/www -v lamp_apache_conf:/etc/apache2 -v lamp_mysql_conf:/etc/mysql -v lamp_mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql --name lamp linode/lamp /bin/bash
(docker run：运行一个container，如果后面要绑定宿主主机的0-1024端口需要使用sudo，因为是Ubuntu)
( -p port1:port2: 将宿主机的端口port1映射到容器中的port2)
(-v volume:path: 将宿主机的docker卷映射到容器中的指定的路径)
( -t -i linode/lamp /bin/bash：使用linode/lamp生成容器，并打开shell)
现在已经进入到了容器内。如果想退出容器,请不要使用exit或ctrl+d.这样会将容器直接关闭.
退出请使用ctrl + p ,然后 ctrl + q
上面的启动命令中一共映射了四个路径，分别是apache的web根目录，apache和MySQL的两个主配置文件，及MySQL的数据目录.这些都是为了方便我们后续直接在宿主机上对配置文件和web文件的修改进行的操作,利用docker卷映射了数据库的目录也能保证镜像再次运行的时候数据不会丢失.

[root@oracle ~]# ls -la /var/lib/docker/volumes
total 24
drwx------. 8 root root 255 Dec 1 13:41 .
drwx--x--x. 15 root root 200 Dec 1 10:56 ..
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 lamp_apache_conf
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 lamp_mysql_conf
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 lamp_mysql_data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 lamp_www

进入lamp_mysql_data这个卷的目录,可以看到镜像中的数据库目录已经映射到宿主机里了. 这个卷只要不删除,其数据就一直存在其中.这样避免了镜像重启后数据丢失的情况.
[root@oracle ~]# ls -la /var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_mysql_data
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 .
drwx------. 8 root root 255 Dec 1 13:41 ..
drwx------. 5 102 106 164 Dec 1 13:43 _data

[root@oracle ~]# ls -la /var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_mysql_data/_data
total 28684
drwx------. 5 102 106 164 Dec 1 13:43 .
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 19 Dec 1 13:41 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Feb 20 2015 debian-5.5.flag
drwx------. 2 102 106 20 Dec 1 13:43 exampleDB
-rw-rw----. 1 102 106 18874368 Feb 20 2015 ibdata1
-rw-rw----. 1 102 106 5242880 Feb 20 2015 ib_logfile0
-rw-rw----. 1 102 106 5242880 Feb 20 2015 ib_logfile1
drwx------. 2 102 root 4096 Dec 1 13:43 mysql
-rw-------. 1 root root 6 Feb 20 2015 mysql_upgrade_info
drwx------. 2 102 106 4096 Dec 1 13:43 performance_schema

在终端中对lamp环境作个性化配置
[root@oracle ~]# docker exec -i -t lamp bash

启动apache2和mysql
root@9a44df59980e:/#service apache2 start
root@9a44df59980e:/#service mysql start
( 可以通过netstat -naltp 命令查看80和3306端口有没有开启成功)
root@9a44df59980e:/# netstat -naltp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0: LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0: LISTEN 100/apache2

设置mysql允许root远程登录,及设置root的密码
root@9a44df59980e:/#smysql -u root -p
#初始密码：Admin2015

#修改root可远程登录：
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root' and host='127.0.0.1';

#修改密码：
mysql>update user set password=password("123456") where user='root';

#刷新权限
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> quit
Bye

安装php扩展
root@9a44df59980e:/# apt-get update
root@9a44df59980e:/# apt-get install -y php5-mysql
root@9a44df59980e:/# apt-get install -y php5-gd

#然后重启apache2:
root@9a44df59980e:/# service apache2 restart

#再次确认mysql和apache2有没有安装成功：
root@9a44df59980e:/# netstat -naltp
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0: LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0: LISTEN 2899/apache2

可以通过下面的命令查看服务器上有哪些php的扩展:
root@9a44df59980e:/# apt-cache search php5-*

测试结果：
[root@oracle ~]# ip add
ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:6b:22:a9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.203/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic ens33
valid_lft 2619sec preferred_lft 2619sec
inet6 fe80::9375:cddb:5162:50f/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@oracle ~]# curl http://192.168.1.203
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<br>
<br>

<center>
<p>
The Docker LAMP stack is working.
</p>
</center>

<center>
<p>
The configuration information can be found <a href="https://registry.hub.docker.com/u/linode/lamp/">here</a> or <a href="https://www.linode.com/docs/websites/hosting-a-website">here</a>
</p>
</center>

<center>
<p>
This index.html file is located in the "/var/www/example.com/public_html" directory.
</p>
</center>

</body>
</html>

访问http://192.168.1.203/

测试实例
[root@oracle ~]# docker exec -i -t lamp bash

创建数据库数据
root@9a44df59980e:/# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show databases;
mysql> create database example default charset=utf8;
mysql> show create database example \G
mysql> use example;
mysql> create table tbl (idx integer(3), UserName varchar(30), LastName varchar(50), FreeText varchar(100)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 default charset=utf8;
mysql> show create table tbl \G
mysql> show columns from tbl;
mysql> select from tbl;
mysql> insert into tbl values (1,'Rafi','Ton','Just a test');
mysql> update tbl set UserName='Berber' where UserName='Rafi';
mysql> select from tbl;
mysql> delete from tbl where idx=1 limit 1;
mysql> insert into tbl values (1,'Rafi','Ton','Just a test');
mysql> select * from tbl;

数据库创建完成后在宿主机上查看，能看到上面容器中创建的数据库example
[root@oracle _data]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_mysql_data/_data
[root@oracle _data]# ls
debian-5.5.flag example exampleDB ibdata1 ib_logfile0 ib_logfile1 mysql mysql_upgrade_info performance_schema

创建PHP文件
root@9a44df59980e:/# cd /var/www/example.com/public_html

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi links.x
<p></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="index.php">Home</a>
<li><a href="add.php">Add a new entry to the DataBase</a>
<li><a href="edit.php">Edit an entry</a>
<li><a href="del.php">Delete an entry from the DataBase</a>
</ul>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi index.php
<html>
<head><title>Web Database Sample Index</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
<h3>Data from tbl</h3>
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$sql="select * from tbl";
$result = mysql_query($sql, $connect);
if ($result) {
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br><p></p>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Domain Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Request Date</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td>$idx</td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>
</body>
</html>

打开http://192.168.1.203/index.php，已经能看到数据

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi add.php
<html>
<head><title>Add an entry to the database</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
<h2>Add an entry</h2>
<form method="post" action="add2tbl.php">
<table width=90% align=center>
<tr><td>Index:</td><td><input type=text name="idx" size=3 maxlength=3></td></tr> 　　
<tr><td>UserName:</td><td><input type=text name="UserName" size=40
maxlength=100></td></tr>
<tr><td>LastName:</td><td><input type=text name="LastName" size=40
maxlength=100></td></tr> 　　
<tr><td>FreeText:</td><td><input type=text name="FreeText" s=40 maxlength=100></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type=submit value=add></td></tr>
</form>
</table>
<?php include ('links.x');?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi add2tbl.php
<html>
<body>
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$query = "insert into tbl values ('{$_POST['idx']}','{$_POST['UserName']}','{$_POST['LastName']}','{$_POST['FreeText']}')";
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
$query = "SELECT * FROM tbl";
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
if ($result)
{
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br><p></p>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>idx</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Free Text</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td>$idx</td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi edit.php
<html>
<head><title>Editing an entry from the database</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
<h2>Edit an entry</h2
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$sql="select * from tbl";
$result = mysql_query($sql, $connect);
if ($result)
{
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00ffff>idx</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Free Text</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td align=center>
<a href=\"editing.php?idx=$idx&user=$user&last=$last&text=$text\">$idx</a></td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi editing.php
<html>
<head><title>Editing an entry</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
<h2>Editing an entry</h2>
<form method="post" action="editdb.php">
<table width=90% align=center>
<tr><td>idx:</td><td><?php echo $_GET['idx'];?></td></tr>
<tr><td>UserName:</td><td><input type=text name=UserName size=40 maxlength=100
value="<?php echo $_GET['user'];?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>LastName:</td><td><input type=text name=LastName size=40 maxlength=100
value="<?php echo $_GET['last'];?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td>Free Text:</td><td><input type=text name=FreeText size=40 maxlength=100
value="<?php echo $_GET['text'];?>"></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><input type=submit value="Edit it!"></td></tr></table>
<input type=hidden name=idx value="<?php echo $_GET['idx'];?>">
</form>
<?php include ('links.x');?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi editdb.php
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$query = "update tbl set
idx='{$_POST['idx']}',UserName='{$_POST['UserName']}',LastName='{$_POST['LastName']}',FreeText='{$_POST['FreeText']}' where
idx='{$_POST['idx']}'";
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
$query = "SELECT * FROM tbl";
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
if ($result)
{
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br><p></p>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>idx</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Free Text</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td>$idx</td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi del.php
<html>
<head><title>Deleting an entry from the database</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#ffffff>
<h2>Del an entry</h2>
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$sql="select * from tbl";
$result = mysql_query($sql, $connect);
if ($result)
{
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br><p></p>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00ffff>idx</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Free Text</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td align=center>
<a href=\"dele.php?
idx=$idx&UserName=$user&LastName=$last&FreeText=$text\">$idx</a></td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# vi dele.php
<html>
<body>
<?php
$connect = mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456") or die ("Problem connecting to DataBase");
$query = "delete from tbl where idx='{$_GET['idx']}'";
$select = mysql_select_db('example', $connect);
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
$query = "SELECT * FROM tbl";
$result = mysql_query($query, $connect);
if ($result)
{
echo "Found these entries in the database:<br><p></p>";
echo "<table width=90% align=center border=1><tr>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>idx</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>User Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Last Name</td>
<td align=center bgcolor=#00FFFF>Free Text</td>
</tr>";
while ($r = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$idx = $r["idx"];
$user = $r["UserName"];
$last = $r["LastName"];
$text = $r["FreeText"];
echo "<tr>
<td>$idx</td>
<td>$user</td>
<td>$last</td>
<td>$text</td>
</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
}
else
{
echo "No data.";
}
mysql_free_result($result);
include ('links.x');
?>
</body>
</html>

root@9a44df59980e:/var/www/example.com/public_html# ls -la
total 40
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 174 Dec 1 10:09 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 51 Dec 1 05:43 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 Dec 1 10:04 add.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1046 Dec 1 10:05 add2tbl.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1081 Dec 1 10:07 del.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 977 Dec 1 10:07 dele.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1102 Dec 1 10:05 edit.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1064 Dec 1 10:06 editdb.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 800 Dec 1 10:06 editing.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 492 Feb 19 2015 index.html
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 989 Dec 1 09:49 index.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 211 Dec 1 10:01 links.x

以上数据存在于宿主主机上
[root@oracle _data]# ls -la /var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_www/_data/example.com/public_html
total 40
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 174 Dec 1 18:09 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 51 Dec 1 13:43 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1046 Dec 1 18:05 add2tbl.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666 Dec 1 18:04 add.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 977 Dec 1 18:07 dele.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1081 Dec 1 18:07 del.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1064 Dec 1 18:06 editdb.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 800 Dec 1 18:06 editing.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1102 Dec 1 18:05 edit.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 492 Feb 20 2015 index.html
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 989 Dec 1 17:49 index.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 211 Dec 1 18:01 links.x

因此：
宿主机上mysql数据目录
/var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_mysql_data/_data
宿主机上mysql配置文件目录
/var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_mysql_conf/_data
宿主机上网页数据目录
/var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_www/_data/example.com/public_html
宿主机上apache配置文件目录
/var/lib/docker/volumes/lamp_apache_conf/_data