小编给大家分享一下oracle 11g dataguard中dgmgrl怎么用，相信大部分人都还不怎么了解，因此分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后大有收获，下面让我们一起去了解一下吧！
１ 启用dgmgrl
相关参数：
dg_broker_start
dg_broker_config_file1
配置： alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;
此时数据库会增加dmon进程
[oracle@12crac2 ~]$ ps -ef|grep -i _dmon|grep -v grep oracle 2699 1 0 06:57 ? 00:00:01 ora_dmon_db1
对应log:$ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/xxx/xxxx/drc$ORACLE_SID.log
但此时使用是用不了的，如下所示：
DGMGRL> show configuration ORA-16532: Data Guard broker configuration does not exist
需手动配置添加：
DGMGRL> help create DGMGRL> create configuration 'db' as primary database is db connect identifier is db; DGMGRL>help add DGMGRL>add database "SBDB1" as connect identifier is "sbdb1" maintained as physical; DGMGRL>enable configuration
注：add database 'SBDB1' ,这里的dg是指database的dbuniquename,而as connect identifier is sbdb1这里的sbdb1是指tnsname.ora连接到standby database的net service name.注意区分大小，默认为小写；
同时检查alert_$ORACLE_SID.log日志可以看到：
RSM0 started with pid=48, OS id=34551 ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_1='location=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST','valid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES, ALL_ROLES)' SCOPE=BOTH; ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_trace=0 SCOPE=BOTH SID='db1'; ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf' SCOPE=SPFILE SID='db1'; ALTER SYSTEM SET standby_file_management='AUTO' SCOPE=BOTH SID='*'; ALTER SYSTEM SET archive_lag_target=0 SCOPE=BOTH SID='*'; ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_max_processes=4 SCOPE=BOTH SID='*'; ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_min_succeed_dest=1 SCOPE=BOTH SID='*';
检查drc$ORACLE_SID.log:
Creating Data Guard Broker Monitor Process (DMON) 04/03/2018 23:26:33 >> Starting Data Guard Broker bootstrap << Broker Configuration File Locations: dg_broker_config_file1 = "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/dr1SBDB1.dat" dg_broker_config_file2 = "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/dr2SBDB1.dat" 04/03/2018 23:26:38 Broker Configuration: "db" Protection Mode: Maximum Performance Fast-Start Failover (FSFO): Disabled, flags=0x0, version=0 Primary Database: db (0x01010000) Standby Database: SBDB1, Enabled Physical Standby (0x02010000)
所有配置完成，这玩意只能用在企业版
二 检查配置：
DGMGRL> show database sbdb1 Object "sbdb1" was not found DGMGRL> show database SBDB1 Object "sbdb1" was not found
注意大小写
DGMGRL> show database 'SBDB1' Database - SBDB1 Role: PHYSICAL STANDBY Intended State: APPLY-ON Transport Lag: 0 seconds (computed 0 seconds ago) Apply Lag: 0 seconds (computed 0 seconds ago) Apply Rate: 0 Byte/s Real Time Query: ON Instance(s): SBDB1 Database Status: SUCCESS
三 相关测试:snapshot standby,switchover
3.1不开database flashback on 测试：
不用dgmrl的方法参见：https://blog.51cto.com/snowhill/2047857
DGMGRL> convert database 'SBDB1' to snapshot standby; Converting database "SBDB1" to a Snapshot Standby database, please wait... Database "SBDB1" converted successfully
这里从alert_sbdb1.log里看，数据库并没有发生重启，只是将会话杀掉了；
SQL> select open_mode, database_role, protection_mode,flashback_on from v$database; OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE FLASHBACK_ON -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- ------------------ READ WRITE SNAPSHOT STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE **RESTORE POINT ONLY** SQL> truncate table system.test; Table truncated. SQL> select count(*) from system.test; COUNT(*) ---------- 0 DGMGRL>convet database 'SBDB1' to physical standby; Unable to connect to database ORA-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist Failed. Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE. Please complete the following steps and reissue the CONVERT command: shut down instance "SBDB1" of database "SBDB1" start up and mount instance "SBDB1" of database "SBDB1"
手动启动备库到mount状态，后面的dgmgrl自动恢复到sbdb1,但在open过程中经常会死在最后一步，相关日志如下：
ALTER DATABASE CONVERT TO PHYSICAL STANDBY (SBDB1) Killing 3 processes with pids 3013,3017,3019 (all RFS) in order to disallow current and future RFS connections. Requested by OS process 3025 Flashback Restore Start Flashback Restore Complete Drop guaranteed restore point Guaranteed restore point dropped Clearing standby activation ID 1736364983 (0x677ed3b7) The primary database controlfile was created using the 'MAXLOGFILES 192' clause. There is space for up to 188 standby redo logfiles Use the following SQL commands on the standby database to create standby redo logfiles that match the primary database: ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl1.f' SIZE 52428800; ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl2.f' SIZE 52428800; ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl3.f' SIZE 52428800; ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl4.f' SIZE 52428800; ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE 'srl5.f' SIZE 52428800; Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived... All non-current ORLs have been archived. Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/SBDB1/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_fd4wmho5_.log Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 3 Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete Clearing online redo logfile 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/SBDB1/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_fd4wmjq3_.log Clearing online log 2 of thread 1 sequence number 4 Clearing online redo logfile 2 complete Completed: alter database convert to physical standby Wed Apr 04 01:15:50 2018 Primary database is in MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE mode RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 3029 RFS[3]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 70 dbid 1729483220 branch 965667412 Wed Apr 04 01:16:11 2018 RFS[4]: Assigned to RFS process 3031 RFS[4]: Selected log 6 for thread 1 sequence 69 dbid 1729483220 branch 965667412 Wed Apr 04 01:16:11 2018 Expanded controlfile section 11 from 28 to 203 records Requested to grow by 175 records; added 7 blocks of records Archived Log entry 29 added for thread 1 sequence 69 ID 0x6715d4d4 dest 1: Wed Apr 04 01:16:13 2018 ARC2: Becoming the active heartbeat ARCH Wed Apr 04 01:17:13 2018 alter database open Data Guard Broker initializing...
最后一步会假死一下，没关系，直接shutdown abort，再启动，就可以了；由于dgmgrl的存在,他会自动补上命令,如下图所示：
SQL> select open_mode, database_role, protection_mode,flashback_on from v$database; OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE FLASHBACK_ON -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- ------------------ READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE NO SQL> select count(*) from system.test; COUNT(*) ---------- 15386
为啥会自动，检查数据库配置：
DGMGRL> show database verbose 'SBDB1'; Database - SBDB1 Role: PHYSICAL STANDBY Intended State: APPLY-ON Transport Lag: 0 seconds (computed 1 second ago) Apply Lag: 0 seconds (computed 1 second ago) Apply Rate: 0 Byte/s Real Time Query: ON
3.2 启用Fast start failover
DGMGRL> enable fast_start failover Error: ORA-16651: requirements not met for enabling fast-start failover Failed. DGMGRL> exit [oracle@12crac2 ~]$ oerr ora 16651 16651, 0000, "requirements not met for enabling fast-start failover" // *Cause: The attempt to enable fast-start failover could not be completed // because one or more requirements were not met: // - The Data Guard configuration must be in either MaxAvailability // or MaxPerformance protection mode. // - The LogXptMode property for both the primary database and // the fast-start failover target standby database must be // set to SYNC if the configuration protection mode is set to // MaxAvailability mode. // - The LogXptMode property for both the primary database and // the fast-start failover target standby database must be // set to ASYNC if the configuration protection mode is set to // MaxPerformance mode. // - The primary database and the fast-start failover target standby // database must both have flashback enabled. // - No valid target standby database was specified in the primary // database FastStartFailoverTarget property prior to the attempt // to enable fast-start failover, and more than one standby // database exists in the Data Guard configuration.
简单点来说就是：
１确保broker配置为运行在Max Availability模式。
２在primary和standby机器上都启用flashback database，这个在reinstate failed的数据库的时候要用。
３启动observer
启用database flashback 再次enable：
DGMGRL> enable fast_start failover Enabled. DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - db Protection Mode: MaxAvailability Databases: db - Primary database Warning: ORA-16819: fast-start failover observer not started SBDB1 - (*) Physical standby database Warning: ORA-16819: fast-start failover observer not started Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED Configuration Status: WARNING
[oracle@12crac2 ~]$ oerr ora 16819 16819, 0000, "fast-start failover observer not started" // *Cause: The observer for fast-start failover was not started. As a // result, fast-start failover could not happen in the case of // a primary database failure. // *Action: Start the fast-start failover observer by using, for example, the // DGMGRL START OBSERVER command.
启动observer:
DGMGRL> start observer Observer started
再次查看配置：
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - db Protection Mode: MaxAvailability Databases: db - Primary database SBDB1 - (*) Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS
3.3 switchover
手工switchover 步骤：https://blog.51cto.com/snowhill/1951592
现在更简化下，用dgmgrl只需一个命令：SWITCHOVER TO <standby database name>;
DGMGRL> switchover to 'SBDB1'; Performing switchover NOW, please wait... Operation requires a connection to instance "SBDB1" on database "SBDB1" Connecting to instance "SBDB1"... Connected. New primary database "SBDB1" is opening... Operation requires startup of instance "db1" on database "db" Starting instance "db1"... Unable to connect to database ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor Failed. Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE. Please complete the following steps to finish switchover: start up instance "db1" of database "db"
这个failed不用担心，手动启动一下原主库就可以完成切换了；
切换完了，检查下：
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - db Protection Mode: MaxAvailability Databases: SBDB1 - Primary database db - (*) Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS
再切回来：
DGMGRL> switchover to db Performing switchover NOW, please wait... Operation requires a connection to instance "db1" on database "db" Connecting to instance "db1"... Connected. New primary database "db" is opening... Operation requires startup of instance "SBDB1" on database "SBDB1" Starting instance "SBDB1"...
如还有啥疑问看官方参考：https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e40771/sofo.htm#DGBKR385
四 dgmgrl 调整参数：
4.1调整应用延迟edit database 'SBDB1' set property DelayMins=1 ;
其实就是如下命令：
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_2='service="sbdb1"','LGWR ASYNC NOAFFIRM delay=1 optional compression=disable max_failure=0 max_connections=1 reopen=300 db_unique_name="SBDB1" net_timeout=30','valid_for=(all_logfiles,primary_role)' SCOPE=BOTH; ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH ALL LOGFILE start (db1) ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH ALL LOGFILE complete (db1)
4.２调整异步同步模式edit database 'SBDB1' set property LogXptMode=sync;
对应的命令如下：ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_2='service="sbdb1"','LGWR SYNC AFFIRM delay=1 optional compression=disable max_failure=0 max_connections=1 reopen=300 db_unique_name="SBDB1" net_timeout=30','valid_for=(all_logfiles,primary_role)' SCOPE=BOTH;
当然所有能用broker配置的参数，不要用sqlplus来干；
五 相关报错处理
broker错误一般为大小写不一致，数据库配置和broker配置不一致引起，启用broker后，dataguard相关的配置都最好用broker管理；
5.1 ora-16541
DGMGRL> show configuration ORA-16541: database is not enabled
此错误出现一个节点，一般是由于配置不一致引起
[oracle@12crac1 dbs]$ oerr ora 16541 16541, 00000, "database is not enabled" // *Cause: The database specified in the request was not enabled. // *Action: Select an enabled database and reissue the request.
再另一个节点上查看，一般报的错不一样
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - db Protection Mode: MaxAvailability Databases: db - Primary database Warning: ORA-16792: configurable property value is inconsistent with database setting SBDB1 - Physical standby database Warning: ORA-16792: configurable property value is inconsistent with database setting Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
此错误为参数与dgmgrl 里的不一致引起，检查启用dg broker之后的配置，发现更改改了log_file_name_convert,db_file_name_convert引起，在另一个节点做如下配置就可以了
DGMGRL> edit database db set property LogFileNameConvert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/,+data'; Property "logfilenameconvert" updated DGMGRL> edit database db set property DbFileNameConvert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/,+data'; Property "dbfilenameconvert" updated DGMGRL> edit database 'SBDB1' set property DbFileNameConvert='+data,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/'; Property "dbfilenameconvert" updated DGMGRL> edit database 'SBDB1' set property LogFileNameConvert='+data,/u01/app/oracle/oradata/SBDB1/'; Property "logfilenameconvert" updated DGMGRL> enable configuration DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - db Protection Mode: MaxAvailability Databases: db - Primary database SBDB1 - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS
5.2 ora-16820
DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration - db
Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
Databases:
SBDB1 - Primary database
Error: ORA-16820: fast-start failover observer is no longer observing this database
db - (*) Physical standby database
Error: ORA-16820: fast-start failover observer is no longer observing this database
Fast-Start Failover: ENABLED
Configuration Status:
ERROR
此错误比较扯淡,stop observer,start observer就可以了;
5.3 ora-16661
启用fast failover后,非正常关闭两个节点,再次启动数据库,一般会出现两个节点都是primary 的情况,这时启动dgmgrl会报:
DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration - db
Protection Mode: MaxAvailability
Databases:
SBDB1 - Primary database
Error: ORA-16820: fast-start failover observer is no longer observing this database
db - (*) Physical standby database (disabled)
ORA-16661: the standby database needs to be reinstated
Fast-Start Failover: ENABLEDConfiguration Status:
ERROR
而另外一节点报错如下:
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-16649: possible failover to another database prevents this database from
being opened
检查数据库状态也不怎么对:
SQL> select database_role,FLASHBACK_ON from v$database;DATABASE_ROLE FLASHBACK_ON
PRIMARY YES
DGMGRL> show configuration
ORA-16795: the standby database needs to be re-created
看到此错误也别真去recreated standby,在确认你的配置上没有问题后,直接在另外一个节点:
DGMGRL> reinstate database db
Reinstating database "db", please wait...
Reinstatement of database "db" succeeded
这时后启动的节点会变成physical standby,再次stop observer,start observer就可以了;
5.4 Error: ORA-16525: the Data Guard broker is not yet available
主库或者备的库的db_broker_start参数设置不对；
5.5 ORA-16797: database is not using a server parameter file
没用spfile启动数据库
5.6 ora-16610 主库或者备库的dg_broker_config_file_1/2参数设置不对
DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - 1 Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: prod2 - Primary database standby - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: ORA-16610: command "Broker operation" in progress DGM-17017: unable to determine configuration status
查看drcstandby.log
drcx: cannot open configuration file "/home/oracle/broker/standby2.data" ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 08/02/2018 10:52:38 drcx: cannot open configuration file "/home/oracle/broker/standby1.dat" ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 DMON Registering service standby_DGB with listener(s) 08/02/2018 10:52:41
解决办法：
dgmgrl>disable configuration; sql>alter system set dg_broker_start=false; sys@standby>alter system set dg_broker_config_file1='/home/oracle/broker/standby1.dat'; sys@standby>alter system set dg_broker_config_file2='/home/oracle/broker/standby2.dat'; DGMGRL> enable configuration DGMGRL> show configuration Configuration - 1 Protection Mode: MaxPerformance Databases: prod2 - Primary database standby - Physical standby database Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED Configuration Status: SUCCESS
以上是“oracle 11g dataguard中dgmgrl怎么用”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！相信大家都有了一定的了解，希望分享的内容对大家有所帮助，如果还想学习更多知识，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道！
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