Centos7.5 生产环境搭建MySQL 5.7主从

环境：
服务器两台：
192.168.19.77 4核心，16G内存 内网隔离，不通外网
192.168.19.78 4核心，16G内存 内网隔离，不通外网

一. 先有外网的机器，下载MySQL 5.7官网软件包

官网下载链接：
为了方便，我这里将安装MySQL5.7需要的官方软件包下载链接地址就直接贴上来
使用官方RPM包安装，需要安装5个包，分别是下面的5个链接，都是官方链接

https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

二. 安装MySQL

使用FTP软件，将软件包上传至内网2台数据库服务器77/78的/tmp目录下
安装rpm前，先要将MariaDB数据库和libs卸载掉

    # yum remove mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-devel mariadb-libs

安装MySQL

   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
   #  rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.23-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

三. 定制配置数据库
将数据库的数据、日志指向到data存放目录下，再加入主从的参数

192.168.19.77主服务器的my.cnf

[root@mysql-m ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/u1/mysql/data
socket=/u1/mysql/data/mysql.sock

log-error=/u1/mysql/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/u1/mysql/pid/mysqld.pid

user=mysql
server-id=1
port=3306

##要给从机同步的库
#binlog-do-db=

##不给从机同步的库(多个写多行)
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=sys

##开启二进制日志
log-bin=/u1/mysql/binary/mysql1-bin

##自动清理 7 天前的log文件,可根据需要修改
expire_logs_days=7

[client]
socket=/u1/mysql/data/mysql.sock

192.168.19.77从服务器的my.cnf

[root@mysql-m ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/u1/mysql/data
socket=/u1/mysql/data/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/u1/mysql/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/u1/mysql/pid/mysqld.pid

user=mysql
server-id=2
port=3306

##从库上的参数
read_only = 1
master_info_repository=TABLE
relay_log_info_repository=TABLE
#relay_log_recovery=1   #从机禁止写
#super_read_only=1      #从机禁止写

[client]
socket=/u1/mysql/data/mysql.sock

建立配置文件指定的目录

# mkdir -p /u1/mysql/{data,logs,pid}
# chown -R mysql.mysql  /u1

启动数据库并找出root密码

# systemctl start mysqld

--找出root随机密码
# egrep "root@localhost"  /u1/mysql/log/mysqld.log |awk -F":" '{print $4}'
 zn9><g_ZCz9N

登陆数据库并修改root密码

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:         --健入上面egrep过滤出来的随机密码

mysql > ALTER USER root@localhost identified by 'TestMySQL5.7';

四. 配置主从

在主服务器上授权从服务器复制帐号

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:         

mysql > grant replication slave on *.* to mysql_ab@'192.168.19.%' identified by 'mysql_AB5.7';
mysql > show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
             File: mysql1-bin.000001
         Position: 1082
     Binlog_Do_DB: 
 Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,sys
Executed_Gtid_Set: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

来到从服务器上配置连接主服务器

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:     

mysql > stop slave;
mysql > chagne master to
   -> master_host='192.168.19.77',
     -> master_port=3306,
     -> master_user='mysql_ab',
     -> master_password='mysql_AB5.7',
     -> master_log_file='mysql1-bin.000001',
     -> master_log_pos=1082;

mysql > start slave;

mysql > show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.19.77
                  Master_User: mysql_ab
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql1-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1082
               Relay_Log_File: dosercn10235b-relay-bin.000004
                Relay_Log_Pos: 951
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql1-bin.000001
            Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1082
              Relay_Log_Space: 1166
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 45d68d37-b6f9-11e8-a947-0050569afd93
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind: 
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 
               Master_SSL_Crl: 
           Master_SSL_Crlpath: 
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 
            Executed_Gtid_Set: 
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB: 
                 Channel_Name: 
           Master_TLS_Version: 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

配置完成，从服务器已经连接上了主服务器

五. 验证

主服务器上创建数据库、表、并插入数据

mysql > CREATE DATABASE test_ab default charset utf8;
mysql > CREATE TABLE test_ab.a1(id int(2),name varchar(20));
mysql > INSERT INTO test_ab.a1(id,name) VALUES(1,"测试1");
mysql> select * from test_ab.a1;
+------+---------+
| id   | name    |
+------+---------+
|    1 | 测试1   |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

从服务器上查询该数据，验证是否复制过来

mysql> select * from test;
+------+---------+
| id   | name    |
+------+---------+
|    1 | 测试1   |
+------+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

至此完成。