dns,mariadb.邮件服务

####################辅助dns及其自动同步 加密
主dns端
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname dns-server
slave端
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname dns-slave
[root@dns-slave ~]# yum install bind -y      ###安装dns服务软件
[root@dns-slave ~]# vim /etc/named.conf      ####配置dns主配置文件

[root@dns-slave ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones  ###配置dns子配置文件

主dns端
[root@dns-server named]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

[root@dns-server named]# systemctl restart named
slave端
[root@dns-slave named]# firewall-cmd --add-service=dns --permanent
success
[root@dns-slave named]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@dns-slave named]# setenforce 0
[root@dns-slave named]# systemctl enable named.service
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named.service'
[root@dns-slave named]# systemctl restart named
[root@dns-slave named]# vim /etc/resolv.conf   ###配置dns指向为本机ip，以测试辅助dns是否成功
 nameserver 172.25.254.16
[root@dns-slave named]# dig www.westos.com  ###测试
 成功

#####自动同步主dns
主dns端
[root@dns-server named]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

(also-notify{ ;};)     ####通知某dns服务器自己改变了dns信息
[root@dns-server named]# vim westos.com.zone   ###设定serial值

[root@dns-server named]# systemctl restart named
辅助dns端
[root@dns-slave named]# systemctl restart named
[root@dns-slave slaves]# dig www.westos.com

辅助dns域名解析已同步
#######远程更改主dns
主dns端
[root@dns-server named]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones    ####设定允许更新本服务器dns数据的主机ip

[root@dns-server named]# ll -d /var/named/
drwxr-x---. 5 root named 4096 Dec  1 00:33 /var/named/
[root@dns-server named]# chmod 770 /var/named/   ####给/var/named/文件夹组rwx权限，以允许被更新
[root@dns-server named]# systemctl restart named
辅助dns端
更新成功
######加密
主dns端
[root@dns-server named]# dnssec-keygen -a HMAC-MD5 -b 128 -n HOST westos   ###制作符合bind软件加密方式的密钥
[root@dns-server mnt]# cp -p /etc/rndc.key /etc/westos.key
[root@dns-server mnt]# cat /mnt/Kwestos.+157+32233.private
###(Private-key-format: v1.3
Algorithm: 157 (HMAC_MD5)
Key: PCQtwlJGxXyx1aiyKmpxsA==
Bits: AAA=
Created: 20161201060243
Publish: 20161201060243
Activate: 20161201060243
###)
[root@dns-server mnt]# vim /etc/westos.key     ###复制key内容并粘贴到/etc/westos.key 文件中

[root@dns-server mnt]# vim /etc/named.conf
[root@dns-server mnt]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones
[root@dns-server mnt]# systemctl restart named
[root@dns-server mnt]# scp Kwestos.+157+32233.* root@172.25.254.16:/mnt   ###复制钥匙到允许更新的远程主机端
辅助dns端
[root@dns-slave mnt]# nsupdate -k Kwestos.+157+32233.private
测试成功

####dns自动更新同步
配置dhcp服务

修改dns文件中域名解析数据
辅助dns端
[root@dns-slave mnt]# systemctl restart network
[root@dns-slave mnt]# dig music.westos.com
重启网络测试成功

主dns端
[root@dns-server named]# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@dns-server named]# systemctl restart named
[root@dns-server named]# systemctl restart dhcpd.service
被同步端
[root@dns-slave mnt]# systemctl    restart network
[root@dns-slave mnt]# dig www.westos.com
更新成功





###################数据库

[root@dns-server named]# yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y       ###安装数据库管理软件
[root@dns-server named]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@dns-server named]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[root@dns-server named]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@dns-server named]# mysql_secure_installation             ####安装数据库
 数据库的基本使用
[root@dns-server named]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 12
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> USE mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW TABLES;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| host                      |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| servers                   |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
24 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT * FROM user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| Host      | User | Password                                  | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | Event_priv | Trigger_priv | Create_tablespace_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | plugin | authentication_string |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| localhost | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 |        |                       |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 |        |                       |
| ::1       | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y           | Y         | Y           | Y             | Y            | Y         | Y          | Y               | Y          | Y          | Y            | Y          | Y                     | Y                | Y            | Y               | Y                | Y                | Y              | Y                   | Y                  | Y                | Y          | Y            | Y                      |          |            |             |              |             0 |           0 |               0 |                    0 |        |                       |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> SELECT Host,User,Password FROM user;
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| Host      | User | Password                                  |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |
| ::1       | root | *28C1E2BE21B45562A34B6CC34A19CFAFC2F88F96 |
+-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]>


#create database westos;         ##创建westos数据库
 use westos;                  
 create table linux(             ##创建表， username，password字段
 username varchar(15) not null,
 password varchar(15) not null
 ALTER TABLE linux ADD age varchar(4);     ###添加age字段到linux表中
 ALTER TABLE linux DROP age                ###删除age字段
 ALTER TABLE linux ADD age VARCHAR(5) AFTER name   ##在name字段后添加字段age

insert into linux values ('user1','passwd1');         
word = password1
update linux set password=password('passwd2') where username=user1; ##更新linux中user1密码
delete from linux where username=user1;
grant select on *.* to user1@localhost identified by 'passwd1';   ##授权user1密码为passwd1
##添加用户
MariaDB [mysql]> CREATE USER westos@localhost identified by 'westos';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> GRANT CREATE on *.* to westos@localhost; ##为新建westos用户添加创建文件的权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> REVOKE CREATE on *.* from westos@localhost;   ###撤销用户权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> DROP USER westos@localhost;             ####删除用户
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
###若忘记密码，更改密码
[root@dns-server named]# systemctl stop mariadb.service
[root@dns-server named]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
[3] 12340
[root@dns-server named]# 161201 04:15:42 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
161201 04:15:42 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
^C
[root@dns-server named]# kill -9 12340
[root@dns-server named]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
[4] 12534
161201 04:16:29 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
161201 04:16:29 mysqld_safe A mysqld process already exists
[3]   Killed                  mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
[root@dns-server named]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user set Password=password ('redhat') WHERE User='root'; ##设定root用户密码为redhat
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 3  Changed: 3  Warnings: 0
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye
[4]   Exit 1                  mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables
[root@dns-server named]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@dns-server named]# mysql -uroot -predhat     ###新密码更换成功
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.


##图形化管理数据库
[root@dns-server named]# yum install httpd -y
[root@mariadb ~]# systemctl start httpd
  #（可在/var/www/html/目录下创建文件，用浏览器测试httpd服务是否成功共享文件
下载phpmyadmin软件
[root@mariadb html]# tar -jxf phpMyAdmin-4.6.5.1-all-languages.tar.bz2  #解压
[root@mariadb html]# mv phpMyAdmin-4.6.5.1-all-languages myadmin
[root@mariadb html]# yum install php.x86_64 -y   ##安装php语言
[root@mariadb ~]# yum install php-mysql.x86_64 -y   ###安装数据库php
[root@mariadb html]# cd myadmin/
[root@mariadb myadmin]# cp -p config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
[root@mariadb myadmin]# vim config.inc.php          ##配置php文件

测试,提示php版本小于5.5，更新php版本后才可使用


###########邮件服务

设定主机maillinux，mialwestos
maillinux端
[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

[root@maillinux named]# vim westos.com.zone

[root@maillinux named]# cp -p westos.com.zone linux.com.zone
[root@maillinux named]# vim linux.com.zone

[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

mailwestos端
[root@mailwestos ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@mailwestos ~]# mail root
Subject: but
lajsf
asg
lasgas
.
EOT
[root@mailwestos ~]# mailq
Mail queue is empty
[root@mailwestos ~]# mail -u root
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/root": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Thu Dec  1 06:22  20/557   "but"
& 1
Message  1:
From root@westos.com  Thu Dec  1 06:22:20 2016
Return-Path: <root@westos.com>
X-Original-To: root
Delivered-To: root@westos.com
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2016 06:22:19 -0500
To: root@westos.com
Subject: but
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: root@westos.com (root)
Status: R

lajsf
asg
lasgas                           ############测试成功
maillinux端
[root@maillinux named]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
 （将westos换为linux，其余配置相同
####不同主机之间相互发送接收
[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf

  nameserver 172.25.254.116

[root@mailwestos ~]# mail root@linux.com
Subject: seed
alsdfj
asdfh
.
EOT
[root@maillinux named]# mail -u root
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/root": 2 messages 1 new 2 unread
 U  1 root                  Thu Dec  1 06:32  21/556   "yes"
>N  2 root                  Thu Dec  1 06:35  22/746   "seed"       ####测试成功
&

设定邮件用户别名
[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/aliases

[root@mailwestos ~]# postalias /etc/aliases
[root@mailwestos ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service
[root@mailwestos ~]# mail admin@westos.com         ###以设定别名发送邮件
Subject: hhh   
alsdjf
al;sjdf
.
EOT
[root@mailwestos ~]# mail -u root
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/root": 2 messages 1 new
    1 root                  Thu Dec  1 06:22  21/568   "but"
>N  2 root                  Thu Dec  1 06:52  19/567   "hhh"   ###用被设定别名用户名接收成功
 ##（若设定更多以群发，可编辑aliases文件，添加more:  :include:/etc/moreusers
     并编辑文件设定名称
###隐藏邮件发送者地址
[root@mailwestos postfix]# vim generic

[root@mailwestos postfix]# postconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"
                                          ###加密地址转换文件
[root@mailwestos postfix]# postmap /etc/postfix/generic
[root@mailwestos postfix]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@mailwestos postfix]# mail root@linux.com    ###向linux.com发送邮件以测试
Subject: hash
alsjfd
alsj
.
EOT
linx.com端
Message  3:
From superbike@sina.com  Thu Dec  1 07:25:55 2016
Return-Path: <superbike@sina.com>                     
X-Original-To: root@linux.com
Delivered-To: root@linux.com
Date: Thu, 01 Dec 2016 07:25:55 -0500
To: root@linux.com
Subject: hash
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: superbike@sina.com (root)                         #######测试成功
###远程操作邮件
[root@mailwestos ~]# yum search telnet
[root@mailwestos ~]# telnet 172.25.254.116 25
Trying 172.25.254.116...
Connected to 172.25.254.116.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 maillinux.linux.com ESMTP Postfix
mail from:root@linux.com
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root@westos.com
250 2.1.5 Ok
data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
123456+
al;jdsfl
aljdfalsjfdl;sdjf
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 7B15326CD4B               ###发送成功