下文内容主要给大家带来1分钟安装部署MySQL5.6详解,这里所讲到的知识,与书籍略有不同,都是亿速云专业技术人员在与用户接触过程中,总结出来的,具有一定的经验分享价值,希望给广大读者带来帮助。
Part1:写在最前
自动化运维是一个DBA应该掌握的技术,其中,自动化安装数据库是一项基本的技能,本文中的安装脚本已通过测试,作为生产库来说没有问题,鉴于每个公司存储规划要求不同,可以按需自行修改脚本。
由于源码安装费时费力,rpm包可定制性差,生产库一般采用二进制安装包,本文的安装包为二进制安装文件,本文使用的是mysql-5.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz,如版本不同,替换第109、110行的tar命令后的mysql安装包名即可
Part2:新特性简介
本脚本默认启用5.6部分新特性
innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1 它dump的不是数据,是Id号
innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1
开启这个两个参数当数据库重启后把这些热数据重新加载回去
只有正常关库才会dump热数据块,宕机和kill -9不会
部分参数按需整改,例如innodb_buffer_pool_size,本文给的512M,一般为内存的50%-80%
来看一下脚本的具体情况
Part1:自动化脚本
[root@HE3 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh
###### 二进制自动安装数据库脚本root密码MANAGER将脚本和安装包放在/root目录即可############### ######数据库目录/usr/local/mysql############ ######数据目录/data/mysql############ ######日志目录/log/mysql############ ######端口号默认3306其余参数按需自行修改############ ################## #author:rrhelei@126.com# ################## #!/bin/bash PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/opt/bin:/opt/sbin:~/bin export PATH # Check if user is root if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install" exit 1 fi clear echo "=========================================================================" echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.6.25 on Redhat/CentOS Linux " echo "=========================================================================" cur_dir=$(pwd) #set mysql root password echo "===========================" mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER" echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:" read -p "(Default password: MANAGER):" mysqlrootpwd if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER" fi echo "===========================" echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd" echo "===========================" #which MySQL Version do you want to install? echo "===========================" isinstallmysql56="n" echo "Install MySQL 5.6.25,Please input y" read -p "(Please input y , n):" isinstallmysql56 case "$isinstallmysql56" in y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS) echo "You will install MySQL 5.6.25" isinstallmysql56="y" ;; *) echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.6.25" isinstallmysql56="n" exit esac get_char() { SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g` stty -echo stty cbreak #dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null stty -raw stty echo stty $SAVEDSTTY } echo "" echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel" char=`get_char` # Initialize the installation related content. function InitInstall() { cat /etc/issue uname -a MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print $2}'` echo -e "\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB " #Set timezone #rm -rf /etc/localtime #ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime #Delete Old Mysql program rpm -qa|grep mysql rpm -e mysql #yum -y remove mysql-server mysql mysql-libs #yum -y remove php-mysql #yum -y install yum-fastestmirror #yum -y update #Disable SeLinux if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config fi setenforce 0 } #Installation of depend on and optimization options. function InstallDependsAndOpt() { cd $cur_dir cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF * soft nproc 65535 * hard nproc 65535 * soft nofile 65535 * hard nofile 65535 EOF echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf } #Install MySQL function InstallMySQL56() { echo "============================Install MySQL 5.6.22==================================" cd $cur_dir #Backup old my.cnf #rm -f /etc/my.cnf if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak fi #mysql directory configuration groupadd mysql -g 512 useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql tar xvf /root/mysql-5.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv /root/mysql-5.6.25-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql mkdir -p /data/mysql mkdir -p /log/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /log #edit /etc/my.cnf SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}'| awk -F. '{ print $3$4}'` cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF [client] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 [mysql] default-character-set=utf8 [mysqld] port= 3306 socket= /tmp/mysql.sock basedir= /usr/local/mysql datadir= /data/mysql open_files_limit = 3072 back_log = 103 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 100000 table_open_cache = 512 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 32M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 51 query_cache_size = 32M tmp_table_size = 96M max_heap_table_size = 96M slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = /log/mysql/slow.log log-error = /log/mysql/error.log long_query_time = 1 server-id = $SERVERID log-bin = mysql-bin sync_binlog = 1 binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_cache_size = 4096M max_binlog_size = 1024M expire_logs_days = 60 key_buffer_size = 32M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M character-set-server=utf8 default-storage-engine = InnoDB binlog_format = row innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1 innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1 binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1 #log_slave_updates=1 #gtid_mode=on #enforce_gtid_consistency=1 #innodb_write_io_threads = 8 #innodb_read_io_threads = 8 #innodb_thread_concurrency = 0 transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M #innodb_data_home_dir = innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 512M innodb_log_files_in_group = 2 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog = 0 wait_timeout = 14400 interactive_timeout = 14400 skip-name-resolve [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M EOF /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF /usr/local/mysql/lib EOF ldconfig if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then ulimit -s unlimited fi /etc/init.d/mysqld start cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib EOF source /etc/profile /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF use mysql; delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost'; grant all privileges on *.* to 'sys_admin'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER'; flush privileges; EOF /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script #rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script /etc/init.d/mysqld restart echo "============================MySQL 5.6.25 install completed=========================" } function CheckInstall() { echo "===================================== Check install ===================================" clear ismysql="" echo "Checking..." if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then echo "MySQL: OK" ismysql="ok" else echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed." fi if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then echo "Install MySQL 5.6.25 completed! enjoy it." echo "=========================================================================" netstat -ntl else echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!" echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server." fi } #The installation log InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log CheckAndDownloadFiles 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log InstallMySQL56 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log
Part2:安装
下载完毕安装包,将脚本和安装文件放在/root目录下,执行上述脚本即可(如不是5.6.25版本,需修改脚本132、133行为对应版本号)
[root@HE3 ~]# sh -x mysql_auto_install.sh
如首次安装,请再次执行source /etc/profile
[root@HE3 ~]# source /etc/profile
执行脚本后,输入用户名密码(默认MANAGER)后登录数据库成功。
至此,MySQL5.6安装完成。
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