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模板和样式
首先封装一个类似的组件，首先需要注意的是，类似功能，vue-element-admin已经提供了，我们只需要改造即可
excel导入功能需要使用npm包xlsx，所以需要安装xlsx插件
npm i xlsx
将vue-element-admin提供的导入功能新建一个组件，位置： src/components/UploadExcel
import CommonTools from './CommonTools'
import UploadExcel from './UploadExcel'
export default {
install(Vue) {
Vue.component('CommonTools', CommonTools) // 注册工具栏组件
Vue.component('UploadExcel', UploadExcel) // 注册导入excel组件
}
}修改样式和布局
<template>
<div class="upload-excel">
<div class="btn-upload">
<el-button :loading="loading" size="mini" type="primary" @click="handleUpload">
点击上传
</el-button>
</div>
<input ref="excel-upload-input" class="excel-upload-input" type="file" accept=".xlsx, .xls" @change="handleClick">
<div class="drop" @drop="handleDrop" @dragover="handleDragover" @dragenter="handleDragover">
<i class="el-icon-upload" />
<span>将文件拖到此处</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import XLSX from 'xlsx'
export default {
props: {
beforeUpload: Function, // eslint-disable-line
onSuccess: Function// eslint-disable-line
},
data() {
return {
loading: false,
excelData: {
header: null,
results: null
}
}
},
methods: {
generateData({ header, results }) {
this.excelData.header = header
this.excelData.results = results
this.onSuccess && this.onSuccess(this.excelData)
},
handleDrop(e) {
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
if (this.loading) return
const files = e.dataTransfer.files
if (files.length !== 1) {
this.$message.error('Only support uploading one file!')
return
}
const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
if (!this.isExcel(rawFile)) {
this.$message.error('Only supports upload .xlsx, .xls, .csv suffix files')
return false
}
this.upload(rawFile)
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
},
handleDragover(e) {
e.stopPropagation()
e.preventDefault()
e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'
},
handleUpload() {
this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].click()
},
handleClick(e) {
const files = e.target.files
const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
if (!rawFile) return
this.upload(rawFile)
},
upload(rawFile) {
this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].value = null // fix can't select the same excel
if (!this.beforeUpload) {
this.readerData(rawFile)
return
}
const before = this.beforeUpload(rawFile)
if (before) {
this.readerData(rawFile)
}
},
readerData(rawFile) {
this.loading = true
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const reader = new FileReader()
reader.onload = e => {
const data = e.target.result
const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: 'array' })
const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0]
const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName]
const header = this.getHeaderRow(worksheet)
const results = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet)
this.generateData({ header, results })
this.loading = false
resolve()
}
reader.readAsArrayBuffer(rawFile)
})
},
getHeaderRow(sheet) {
const headers = []
const range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(sheet['!ref'])
let C
const R = range.s.r
/* start in the first row */
for (C = range.s.c; C <= range.e.c; ++C) { /* walk every column in the range */
const cell = sheet[XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R })]
/* find the cell in the first row */
let hdr = 'UNKNOWN ' + C // <-- replace with your desired default
if (cell && cell.t) hdr = XLSX.utils.format_cell(cell)
headers.push(hdr)
}
return headers
},
isExcel(file) {
return /\.(xlsx|xls|csv)$/.test(file.name)
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped lang="scss">
.upload-excel {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
margin-top: 100px;
.excel-upload-input{
display: none;
z-index: -9999;
}
.btn-upload , .drop{
border: 1px dashed #bbb;
width: 350px;
height: 160px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 160px;
}
.drop{
line-height: 80px;
color: #bbb;
i {
font-size: 60px;
display: block;
}
}
}
</style>创建路由和组件
建立公共导入的页面路由，新建一个公共的导入页面，挂载路由 src/router/index.js
path: '/import',
component: Layout,
hidden: true, // 隐藏在左侧菜单中
children: [{
path: '', // 二级路由path什么都不写 表示二级默认路由
component: () => import('@/views/import')
}]
},创建import路由组件 src/views/import/index.vue
<template> <!-- 公共导入组件 --> <upload-excel :on-success="success" /> </template>
封装导入用户的api接口
export function importUser(data) {
return request({
url: 'user/batch',
method: 'post',
data
})
}获取导入的excel数据, 导入excel接口
async success({ header, results }) {
// 如果是导入用户
const userRelations = {
'入职日期': 'create_time',
'手机号': 'mobile',
'用户名': 'username',
'密码': 'password',
'邮箱': 'email',
'部门':'部门'
}
const arr = []
results.forEach(item => {
const userInfo = {}
Object.keys(item).forEach(key => {
userInfo[userRelations[key]] = item[key]
})
arr.push(userInfo)
})
await importUser(arr) // 调用导入接口
this.$router.back()
}为了让这个页面可以服务更多的导入功能，我们可以在页面中用参数来判断，是否是导入用户
data() {
return {
type: this.$route.query.type
}
},当excel中有日期格式的时候，实际转化的值为一个数字，我们需要一个方法进行转化
formatDate(numb, format) {
const time = new Date((numb - 1) * 24 * 3600000 + 1)
time.setYear(time.getFullYear() - 70)
const year = time.getFullYear() + ''
const month = time.getMonth() + 1 + ''
const date = time.getDate() - 1 + ''
if (format && format.length === 1) {
return year + format + month + format + date
}
return year + (month < 10 ? '0' + month : month) + (date < 10 ? '0' + date : date)
}导入的手机号不能和之前的存在的手机号重复
逻辑判断
async success({ header, results }) {
if (this.type === 'user') {
const userRelations = {
'入职日期': 'create_time',
'手机号': 'mobile',
'用户名': 'username',
'密码': 'password',
'邮箱': 'email',
'部门':'部门'
}
const arr = []
// 遍历所有的数组
results.forEach(item => {
// 需要将每一个条数据里面的中文都换成英文
const userInfo = {}
Object.keys(item).forEach(key => {
// key是当前的中文名 找到对应的英文名
if (userRelations[key] === 'timeOfEntry' || userRelations[key] === 'correctionTime') {
userInfo[userRelations[key]] = new Date(this.formatDate(item[key], '/')) // 只有这样, 才能入库
return
}
userInfo[userRelations[key]] = item[key]
})
// 最终userInfo变成了全是英文
arr.push(userInfo)
})
await importUser(arr)
this.$message.success('导入成功')
}
this.$router.back() // 回到上一页
},
formatDate(numb, format) {
const time = new Date((numb - 1) * 24 * 3600000 + 1)
time.setYear(time.getFullYear() - 70)
const year = time.getFullYear() + ''
const month = time.getMonth() + 1 + ''
const date = time.getDate() - 1 + ''
if (format && format.length === 1) {
return year + format + month + format + date
}
return year + (month < 10 ? '0' + month : month) + (date < 10 ? '0' + date : date)
}用户页面跳转
<el-button type="warning" size="small" @click="$router.push('/import?type=user')">导入</el-button>用户导出**
日常业务中，我们经常遇到excel导出功能， 怎么使用呢
Excel 的导入导出都是依赖于js-xlsx来实现的。
在 js-xlsx的基础上又封装了Export2Excel.js来方便导出数据。
安装所需依赖
npm install xlsx file-saver -S npm install script-loader -S -D
由于js-xlsx体积还是很大的，导出功能也不是一个非常常用的功能，所以使用的时候建议使用懒加载。使用方法如下：
import('@/vendor/Export2Excel').then(excel => {
excel.export_json_to_excel({
header: tHeader, //表头 必填
data, //具体数据 必填
filename: 'excel-list', //非必填
autoWidth: true, //非必填
bookType: 'xlsx' //非必填
})
})excel导出参数的介绍
vue-element-admin提供了导出的功能模块，在课程资源/excel导出目录下，放置到src目录下
excel导出基本的结构
下面代码会用到 Export2Excel.js 模块，所以首先在 src 目录下新建 vendor 目录，其中新建 Export2Excel.js ，输入如下代码
/* eslint-disable */
import { saveAs } from 'file-saver'
import XLSX from 'xlsx'
function generateArray(table) {
var out = [];
var rows = table.querySelectorAll('tr');
var ranges = [];
for (var R = 0; R < rows.length; ++R) {
var outRow = [];
var row = rows[R];
var columns = row.querySelectorAll('td');
for (var C = 0; C < columns.length; ++C) {
var cell = columns[C];
var colspan = cell.getAttribute('colspan');
var rowspan = cell.getAttribute('rowspan');
var cellValue = cell.innerText;
if (cellValue !== "" && cellValue == +cellValue) cellValue = +cellValue;
//Skip ranges
ranges.forEach(function (range) {
if (R >= range.s.r && R <= range.e.r && outRow.length >= range.s.c && outRow.length <= range.e.c) {
for (var i = 0; i <= range.e.c - range.s.c; ++i) outRow.push(null);
}
});
//Handle Row Span
if (rowspan || colspan) {
rowspan = rowspan || 1;
colspan = colspan || 1;
ranges.push({
s: {
r: R,
c: outRow.length
},
e: {
r: R + rowspan - 1,
c: outRow.length + colspan - 1
}
});
};
//Handle Value
outRow.push(cellValue !== "" ? cellValue : null);
//Handle Colspan
if (colspan)
for (var k = 0; k < colspan - 1; ++k) outRow.push(null);
}
out.push(outRow);
}
return [out, ranges];
};
function datenum(v, date1904) {
if (date1904) v += 1462;
var epoch = Date.parse(v);
return (epoch - new Date(Date.UTC(1899, 11, 30))) / (24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);
}
function sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data, opts) {
var ws = {};
var range = {
s: {
c: 10000000,
r: 10000000
},
e: {
c: 0,
r: 0
}
};
for (var R = 0; R != data.length; ++R) {
for (var C = 0; C != data[R].length; ++C) {
if (range.s.r > R) range.s.r = R;
if (range.s.c > C) range.s.c = C;
if (range.e.r < R) range.e.r = R;
if (range.e.c < C) range.e.c = C;
var cell = {
v: data[R][C]
};
if (cell.v == null) continue;
var cell_ref = XLSX.utils.encode_cell({
c: C,
r: R
});
if (typeof cell.v === 'number') cell.t = 'n';
else if (typeof cell.v === 'boolean') cell.t = 'b';
else if (cell.v instanceof Date) {
cell.t = 'n';
cell.z = XLSX.SSF._table[14];
cell.v = datenum(cell.v);
} else cell.t = 's';
ws[cell_ref] = cell;
}
}
if (range.s.c < 10000000) ws['!ref'] = XLSX.utils.encode_range(range);
return ws;
}
function Workbook() {
if (!(this instanceof Workbook)) return new Workbook();
this.SheetNames = [];
this.Sheets = {};
}
function s2ab(s) {
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(s.length);
var view = new Uint8Array(buf);
for (var i = 0; i != s.length; ++i) view[i] = s.charCodeAt(i) & 0xFF;
return buf;
}
export function export_table_to_excel(id) {
var theTable = document.getElementById(id);
var oo = generateArray(theTable);
var ranges = oo[1];
/* original data */
var data = oo[0];
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
/* add ranges to worksheet */
// ws['!cols'] = ['apple', 'banan'];
ws['!merges'] = ranges;
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: 'xlsx',
bookSST: false,
type: 'binary'
});
saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
type: "application/octet-stream"
}), "test.xlsx")
}
export function export_json_to_excel({
multiHeader = [],
header,
data,
filename,
merges = [],
autoWidth = true,
bookType = 'xlsx'
} = {}) {
/* original data */
filename = filename || 'excel-list'
data = [...data]
data.unshift(header);
for (let i = multiHeader.length - 1; i > -1; i--) {
data.unshift(multiHeader[i])
}
var ws_name = "SheetJS";
var wb = new Workbook(),
ws = sheet_from_array_of_arrays(data);
if (merges.length > 0) {
if (!ws['!merges']) ws['!merges'] = [];
merges.forEach(item => {
ws['!merges'].push(XLSX.utils.decode_range(item))
})
}
if (autoWidth) {
/*设置worksheet每列的最大宽度*/
const colWidth = data.map(row => row.map(val => {
/*先判断是否为null/undefined*/
if (val == null) {
return {
'wch': 10
};
}
/*再判断是否为中文*/
else if (val.toString().charCodeAt(0) > 255) {
return {
'wch': val.toString().length * 2
};
} else {
return {
'wch': val.toString().length
};
}
}))
/*以第一行为初始值*/
let result = colWidth[0];
for (let i = 1; i < colWidth.length; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < colWidth[i].length; j++) {
if (result[j]['wch'] < colWidth[i][j]['wch']) {
result[j]['wch'] = colWidth[i][j]['wch'];
}
}
}
ws['!cols'] = result;
}
/* add worksheet to workbook */
wb.SheetNames.push(ws_name);
wb.Sheets[ws_name] = ws;
var wbout = XLSX.write(wb, {
bookType: bookType,
bookSST: false,
type: 'binary'
});
saveAs(new Blob([s2ab(wbout)], {
type: "application/octet-stream"
}), `${filename}.${bookType}`);
}因为数据中的key是英文，想要导出的表头是中文的话，需要将中文和英文做对应
const headers = {
'入职日期': 'create_time',
'手机号': 'mobile',
'用户名': 'username',
'角色': 'role_name',
'邮箱': 'email',
'部门': 'department_name'
}完成导出代码
import { formatDate } from '@/filters'
// 导出数据
exportData() {
const headers = {
'入职日期': 'create_time',
'手机号': 'mobile',
'用户名': 'username',
'角色': 'role_name',
'邮箱': 'email',
'部门': 'department_name'
}
import('@/vendor/Export2Excel').then(async excel => {
const res = await getUserList({ query: '', pagenum: 1, pagesize: this.page.total })
// console.log(res)
const data = this.formatJson(headers, res.users)
console.log(data)
excel.export_json_to_excel({
header: Object.keys(headers),
data,
filename: '用户信息表',
autoWidth: true,
bookType: 'xlsx'
})
})
}
}导出时间格式的处理
// 该方法负责将数组转化成二维数组
formatJson(headers, rows) {
return rows.map(item => {
return Object.keys(headers).map(key => {
if (headers[key] === 'create_time') {
return formatDate(item[headers[key]]) // formatDate 函数是定义好的一个过滤器
}
return item[headers[key]]
})
})过滤器 formatDate
import moment from 'moment'
export function formatTime(value) {
return moment(value * 1000).format('YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss')
}
export function formatDate(value) {
return moment(value * 1000).format('YYYY-MM-DD')
}Vue是一款友好的、多用途且高性能的JavaScript框架，使用vue可以创建可维护性和可测试性更强的代码库，Vue允许可以将一个网页分割成可复用的组件，每个组件都包含属于自己的HTML、CSS、JavaScript，以用来渲染网页中相应的地方，所以越来越多的前端开发者使用vue。
感谢各位的阅读！关于“vue-element-admin项目导入和导出的实现方法”这篇文章就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，让大家可以学到更多知识，如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到吧！
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