如何创建一个spring项目？相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
通过spring.io生成初始代码，配置如下
下载好会得到一个.zip文件，解压导入IDEA就可以开始了，这是基础的项目结构
让我们打开src/main/java/geektime/spring/hello/hellospring/HelloSpringApplication.java，修改成如下代码
package geektime.spring.hello.hellospring;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class HelloSpringApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(HelloSpringApplication.class, args);
}
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
return "Hello Spring";
}
}接着运行我们修改的代码，运行成功后，console会打印如下信息
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-15.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java -javaagent:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA CE.app/Contents/lib/idea_rt.jar=55568:/Applications/IntelliJ IDEA CE.app/Contents/bin -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-actuator/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-actuator-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/2.5.0/spring-boot-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/2.5.0/spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-logging-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.2.3/logback-core-1.2.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-to-slf4j/2.14.1/log4j-to-slf4j-2.14.1.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-api/2.14.1/log4j-api-2.14.1.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.30/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.30.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/jakarta/annotation/jakarta.annotation-api/1.3.5/jakarta.annotation-api-1.3.5.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.28/snakeyaml-1.28.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure/2.5.0/spring-boot-actuator-autoconfigure-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-actuator/2.5.0/spring-boot-actuator-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.12.3/jackson-databind-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.12.3/jackson-annotations-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.12.3/jackson-core-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jsr310/2.12.3/jackson-datatype-jsr310-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/io/micrometer/micrometer-core/1.7.0/micrometer-core-1.7.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/hdrhistogram/HdrHistogram/2.1.12/HdrHistogram-2.1.12.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/latencyutils/LatencyUtils/2.0.3/LatencyUtils-2.0.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-web-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-json/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-json-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/datatype/jackson-datatype-jdk8/2.12.3/jackson-datatype-jdk8-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/com/fasterxml/jackson/module/jackson-module-parameter-names/2.12.3/jackson-module-parameter-names-2.12.3.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/2.5.0/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-2.5.0.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-core-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-el-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-websocket/9.0.46/tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.46.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-web/5.3.7/spring-web-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-beans/5.3.7/spring-beans-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/5.3.7/spring-webmvc-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-aop/5.3.7/spring-aop-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-context/5.3.7/spring-context-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-expression/5.3.7/spring-expression-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.30/slf4j-api-1.7.30.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-core/5.3.7/spring-core-5.3.7.jar:/Users/lidean/.m2/repository/org/springframework/spring-jcl/5.3.7/spring-jcl-5.3.7.jar geektime.spring.hello.hellospring.HelloSpringApplication . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \ ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v2.5.0) 2021-06-01 23:15:57.484 INFO 81444 --- [ main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication : Starting HelloSpringApplication using Java 15.0.1 on MacBook-Pro-9.local with PID 81444 (/Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes started by lidean in /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring) 2021-06-01 23:15:57.488 INFO 81444 --- [ main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default 2021-06-01 23:15:58.610 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http) 2021-06-01 23:15:58.626 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service [Tomcat] 2021-06-01 23:15:58.626 INFO 81444 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.46] 2021-06-01 23:15:58.685 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext 2021-06-01 23:15:58.685 INFO 81444 --- [ main] w.s.c.ServletWebServerApplicationContext : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1073 ms 2021-06-01 23:15:59.156 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.web.EndpointLinksResolver : Exposing 1 endpoint(s) beneath base path '/actuator' 2021-06-01 23:15:59.195 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path '' 2021-06-01 23:15:59.208 INFO 81444 --- [ main] g.s.h.h.HelloSpringApplication : Started HelloSpringApplication in 2.658 seconds (JVM running for 3.251) 2021-06-01 23:15:59.254 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.ApplicationAvailabilityBean : Application availability state LivenessState changed to CORRECT 2021-06-01 23:15:59.256 INFO 81444 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.ApplicationAvailabilityBean : Application availability state ReadinessState changed to ACCEPTING_TRAFFIC 2021-06-01 23:22:00.698 INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet' 2021-06-01 23:22:00.698 INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet' 2021-06-01 23:22:00.699 INFO 81444 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : Completed initialization in 1 ms
从上面输出的信息我们可以知道Tomcat初始化部署在了8080端口，下面我们来访问试试
// 调用我们定义的router
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080/hello
Hello Spring%
// 记得我们之前生成项目使用的actuator依赖，用于检查项目是否健康
// 若出现DOWN，我们访问url就会失败
$ curl http://127.0.0.1:8080/actuator/health
{"status":"UP"}%让Maven替我们打个包
$ mvn clean packeage -Dmaven.test.skip zsh: command not found: mvn
没命令。。。上链接
若有，可跳过
作者用的是macOs的zsh，需要做下面几步
# 给文件夹权限 $ sudo chown -R root:wheel Downloads/apache-maven* # 移动 $ mv Downloads/apache-maven* /opt/apache-maven # 打开zsh配置文件 $ nano ~/.zshrc # 新增命令，写入~/.zshrc $ export PATH=$PATH:/opt/apache-maven/bin
搞定后control+X回车搞定~ 重启下终端，检查mvn版本即可
$ zsh # 检查Maven $ mvn -version Apache Maven 3.8.1 (05c21c65bdfed0f71a2f2ada8b84da59348c4c5d) Maven home: /opt/apache-maven Java version: 15.0.1, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-15.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home Default locale: zh_CN_#Hans, platform encoding: UTF-8 OS name: "mac os x", version: "10.15.6", arch: "x86_64", family: "mac"
继续继续，
maven打包我们的代码
$ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] -----------------< geektime.spring.hello:hello-spring >----------------- [INFO] Building hello-spring 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]--------------------------------- [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:3.1.0:clean (default-clean) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Deleting /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered properties files. [INFO] Copying 1 resource [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:compile (default-compile) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module! [INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/classes [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:testResources (default-testResources) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Not copying test resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Not compiling test sources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Tests are skipped. [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.0:jar (default-jar) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Building jar: /Users/lidean/Downloads/hello-spring/target/hello-spring-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar [INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.5.0:repackage (repackage) @ hello-spring --- [INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.965 s [INFO] Finished at: 2021-06-02T00:02:00+08:00 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
看完上述内容，你们掌握如何创建一个spring项目的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！
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