这篇文章主要讲解了“如何通过Dockerfile创建镜像”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“如何通过Dockerfile创建镜像”吧！
//列出本地所有容器镜像
$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE training/webapp latest fc77f57ad303 3 weeks ago 280.5 MB ubuntu 14.04 5e019ab7bf6d 4 weeks ago 180 MB ubuntu latest 5e019ab7bf6d 4 weeks ago 180 MB ubuntu 12.04 74fe38d11401 4 weeks ago 209.6 MB ubuntu precise 74fe38d11401 4 weeks ago 209.6 MB
//一个镜像可能有多个TAG
//通过docker run -t -i REPOSITORY:TAG /bin/bash 运行一个容器，譬如ubuntu:14.04和ubuntu:latest是运行同一个镜像
//获取一个新的容器镜像
$ docker pull centos Pulling repository centos b7de3133ff98: Pulling dependent layers 5cc9e91966f7: Pulling fs layer 511136ea3c5a: Download complete ef52fb1fe610: Download complete . . . Status: Downloaded newer image for centos
$ docker run -t -i centos /bin/bash
bash-4.1#
//从Docker Hub上搜索想要的容器镜像
$ sudo docker search sinatra NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED training/sinatra Sinatra training image 0 [OK] marceldegraaf/sinatra Sinatra test app 0 mattwarren/docker-sinatra-demo 0 [OK] luisbebop/docker-sinatra-hello-world 0 [OK] bmorearty/handson-sinatra handson-ruby + Sinatra for Hands on with D... 0 subwiz/sinatra 0 bmorearty/sinatra 0 . . .
//然后可以下载相应的容器镜像
//创建自定义的容器镜像
$ docker run -t -i training/sinatra /bin/bash
root@0b2616b0e5a8:/# gem install json
//-a标识创建作者$ docker commit -m "Added json gem" -a "Kate Smith" 0b2616b0e5a8 ouruser/sinatra:v2
4f177bd27a9ff0f6dc2a830403925b5360bfe0b93d476f7fc3231110e7f71b1c
//查看创建的容器镜像
$ docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE training/sinatra latest 5bc342fa0b91 10 hours ago 446.7 MB ouruser/sinatra v2 3c59e02ddd1a 10 hours ago 446.7 MB ouruser/sinatra latest 5db5f8471261 10 hours ago 446.7 MB
//通过Dockerfile创建镜像
$ mkdir sinatra $ cd sinatra $ touch Dockerfile
# This is a comment
FROM ubuntu:14.04
MAINTAINER Kate Smith <ksmith@example.com>
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev
RUN gem install sinatra
//利用Dockerfile和docker build命令创建一个镜像
$ docker build -t ouruser/sinatra:v2 . Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM ubuntu:14.04 ---> e54ca5efa2e9 Step 1 : MAINTAINER Kate Smith <ksmith@example.com> ---> Using cache ---> 851baf55332b Step 2 : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev ---> Running in 3a2558904e9b Selecting previously unselected package libasan0:amd64.
...
Installing RDoc documentation for rack-protection-1.5.3... Installing RDoc documentation for sinatra-1.4.5... ---> 97feabe5d2ed Removing intermediate container 6b81cb6313e5 Successfully built 97feabe5d2ed
//利用-t来识别新镜像属于ouruser，v2是TAG
//给ouruser/sinatra镜像设置TAG
$ docker tag 5db5f8471261 ouruser/sinatra:devel
//查看ouruser/sinatra的TAG
$ docker images ouruser/sinatra REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE ouruser/sinatra latest 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB ouruser/sinatra devel 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB ouruser/sinatra v2 5db5f8471261 11 hours ago 446.7 MB
//将镜像PUSH到Docker Hub
$ docker push ouruser/sinatra The push refers to a repository [ouruser/sinatra] (len: 1) Sending image list Pushing repository ouruser/sinatra (3 tags) . . .
//从本地删除镜像
$ docker rmi training/sinatra Untagged: training/sinatra:latest Deleted: 5bc342fa0b91cabf65246837015197eecfa24b2213ed6a51a8974ae250fedd8d Deleted: ed0fffdcdae5eb2c3a55549857a8be7fc8bc4241fb19ad714364cbfd7a56b22f Deleted: 5c58979d73ae448df5af1d8142436d81116187a7633082650549c52c3a2418f0
感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“如何通过Dockerfile创建镜像”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对如何通过Dockerfile创建镜像这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
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