Silverlight与Access互操作的实现方法

本篇内容介绍了“Silverlight与Access互操作的实现方法”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！

Silverlight与Access互操作是一个很基础的问题，主要涉及到数据库的操作。Access属于轻量级的数据库，应用起来还是比较方便的。

在开发一些小型应用程序时，我们就需要使用一些小巧的轻量级的数据库，比如Access数据库。由于Visual Studio中并没有直接提供Silverlight与Access互操作的系列方法。于是本文就将为大家介绍如何让Silverlight使用Access作为后台数据库。

准备工作

1）建立起测试项目

细节详情请见强大的DataGrid组件[2]_数据交互之ADO.NET Entity Framework——Silverlight学习笔记[10]。

2）创建测试用数据库

如下图所示，创建一个名为Employees.mdb的Access数据库，建立数据表名称为Employee。将该数据库置于作为服务端的项目文件夹下的App_Data文件夹中，便于操作管理。

建立数据模型

EmployeeModel.cs文件（放置在服务端项目文件夹下）

using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Linq;  namespace datagridnaccessdb  {      public class EmployeeModel      {          public int EmployeeID { get; set; }          public string EmployeeName { get; set; }          public int EmployeeAge { get; set; }      }  }

建立服务端Web Service★

右击服务端项目文件夹，选择Add->New Item....，按下图所示建立一个名为EmployeesInfoWebService.asmx的Web Service，作为Silverlight与Access数据库互操作的桥梁。

创建完毕后，双击EmployeesInfoWebService.asmx打开该文件。将里面的内容修改如下：

using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Linq;  using System.Web;  using System.Web.Services;  using System.Data.OleDb;//引入该命名空间为了操作Access数据库  using System.Data;  namespace datagridnaccessdb  {      /// <summary>     /// Summary description for EmployeesInfoWebService      /// </summary>     [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]      [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]      [System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]      // To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.       // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]      public class EmployeesInfoWebService : System.Web.Services.WebService      {          [WebMethod]//获取雇员信息          public List<EmployeeModel> GetEmployeesInfo()          {              List<EmployeeModel> returnedValue = new List<EmployeeModel>();              OleDbCommand Cmd = new OleDbCommand();              SQLExcute("SELECT * FROM Employee", Cmd);              OleDbDataAdapter EmployeeAdapter = new OleDbDataAdapter();              EmployeeAdapter.SelectCommand = Cmd;              DataSet EmployeeDataSet = new DataSet();              EmployeeAdapter.Fill(EmployeeDataSet);              foreach (DataRow dr in EmployeeDataSet.Tables[0].Rows)              {                  EmployeeModel tmp = new EmployeeModel();                  tmp.EmployeeID = Convert.ToInt32(dr[0]);                  tmp.EmployeeName = Convert.ToString(dr[1]);                  tmp.EmployeeAge = Convert.ToInt32(dr[2]);                  returnedValue.Add(tmp);              }              return returnedValue;          }         [WebMethod] //添加雇员信息          public void Insert(List<EmployeeModel> employee)          {              employee.ForEach( x =>              {                  string CmdText = "INSERT INTO Employee(EmployeeName,EmployeeAge) VALUES('"+x.EmployeeName+"',"+x.EmployeeAge.ToString()+")";                  SQLExcute(CmdText);              });          }          [WebMethod] //更新雇员信息         public void Update(List<EmployeeModel> employee)          {             employee.ForEach(x =>             {                  string CmdText = "UPDATE Employee SET EmployeeName='"+x.EmployeeName+"',EmployeeAge="+x.EmployeeAge.ToString();                  CmdText += " WHERE EmployeeID="+x.EmployeeID.ToString();                  SQLExcute(CmdText);              });          }          [WebMethod] //删除雇员信息         public void Delete(List<EmployeeModel> employee)          {              employee.ForEach(x =>             {                  string CmdText = "DELETE FROM Employee WHERE EmployeeID="+x.EmployeeID.ToString();                  SQLExcute(CmdText);              });          }         //执行SQL命令文本，重载1          private void SQLExcute(string SQLCmd)          {              string ConnectionString = "PROVIDER=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;DATA SOURCE=" + Server.MapPath(@"App_Data\Employees.mdb;");              OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection(ConnectionString);              Conn.Open();              OleDbCommand Cmd = new OleDbCommand();              Cmd.Connection = Conn;              Cmd.CommandTimeout = 15;              Cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;              Cmd.CommandText = SQLCmd;              Cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();              Conn.Close();          }          //执行SQL命令文本，重载2          private void SQLExcute(string SQLCmd,OleDbCommand Cmd)          {              string ConnectionString = "PROVIDER=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;DATA SOURCE=" + Server.MapPath(@"App_Data\Employees.mdb;");              OleDbConnection Conn = new OleDbConnection(ConnectionString);              Conn.Open();              Cmd.Connection = Conn;              Cmd.CommandTimeout = 15;              Cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;              Cmd.CommandText = SQLCmd;              Cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();          }      }  }

之后，在Silverlight客户端应用程序文件夹下，右击References文件夹，选择菜单选项Add Service Reference...。如下图所示，引入刚才我们创建的Web Service（别忘了按Discover按钮进行查找）。

创建Silverlight客户端应用程序

MainPage.xaml文件  <UserControl xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"      xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"     mc:Ignorable="d" xmlns:data="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Data" xmlns:dataFormToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Data.DataForm.Toolkit" x:Class="SilverlightClient.MainPage"      d:DesignWidth="320" d:DesignHeight="240"> <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Width="320" Height="240" Background="White">  <dataFormToolkit:DataForm x:Name="dfEmployee" Margin="8,8,8,42"/> <Button x:Name="btnGetData" Height="30" Margin="143,0,100,8" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Content="Get Data" Width="77"/> <Button x:Name="btnSaveAll" Height="30" Margin="0,0,8,8" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Content="Save All" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Width="77"/> <TextBlock x:Name="tbResult" Height="30" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="8,0,0,8" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Width="122" TextWrapping="Wrap" FontSize="16"/> </Grid> </UserControl> MainPage.xaml.cs文件  using System;  using System.Collections.Generic;  using System.Collections.ObjectModel;  using System.Linq;  using System.Net;  using System.Windows;  using System.Windows.Controls;  using System.Windows.Documents;  using System.Windows.Input;  using System.Windows.Media;  using System.Windows.Media.Animation;  using System.Windows.Shapes;  using System.Xml;  using System.Xml.Linq;  using System.Windows.Browser;  using SilverlightClient.EmployeesInfoServiceReference;  namespace SilverlightClient  {      public partial class MainPage : UserControl      {          int originalNum;//记录初始时的Employee表中的数据总数          ObservableCollection<EmployeeModel> deletedID = new ObservableCollection<EmployeeModel>();//标记被删除的对象         public MainPage()          {              InitializeComponent();              this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);              this.btnGetData.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(btnGetData_Click);              this.btnSaveAll.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(btnSaveAll_Click);               this.dfEmployee.DeletingItem += new EventHandler<System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs>(dfEmployee_DeletingItem);          }          void dfEmployee_DeletingItem(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)          {              deletedID.Add(dfEmployee.CurrentItem as EmployeeModel);//正在删除时，将被删除对象进行标记，以便传给服务端真正删除。          }          void btnSaveAll_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)          {              List<EmployeeModel> updateValues = dfEmployee.ItemsSource.Cast<EmployeeModel>().ToList();              ObservableCollection<EmployeeModel> returnValues = new ObservableCollection<EmployeeModel>();              if (updateValues.Count > originalNum)              {                  //添加数据                  for (int i = originalNum; i <= updateValues.Count - 1; i++)                  {                      returnValues.Add(updateValues.ToArray()[i]);                  }                  EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient webClient = new EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient();                  webClient.InsertCompleted += new EventHandler<System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs>(webClient_InsertCompleted);                  webClient.InsertAsync(returnValues);                  //必须考虑数据集中既有添加又有更新的情况                  returnValues.Clear();                  updateValues.ForEach(x => returnValues.Add(x));                  webClient.UpdateCompleted += new EventHandler<System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs>(webClient_UpdateCompleted);                  webClient.UpdateAsync(returnValues);              }              else if (updateValues.Count < originalNum)              {                  //删除数据                  EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient webClient = new EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient();                  webClient.DeleteCompleted += new EventHandler<System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs>(webClient_DeleteCompleted);                  webClient.DeleteAsync(deletedID);              }              else              {                 //更新数据                  updateValues.ForEach(x => returnValues.Add(x));                  EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient webClient = new EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient();                  webClient.UpdateCompleted += new EventHandler<System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs>(webClient_UpdateCompleted);                  webClient.UpdateAsync(returnValues);             }          }          void webClient_UpdateCompleted(object sender, System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)          {              tbResult.Text = "更新成功！";          }          void webClient_DeleteCompleted(object sender, System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)          {              tbResult.Text = "删除成功！";          }          void webClient_InsertCompleted(object sender, System.ComponentModel.AsyncCompletedEventArgs e)          {              tbResult.Text = "添加成功！";          }          void btnGetData_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)          {              GetEmployees();          }          void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)          {              GetEmployees();          }          void GetEmployees()          {              EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient webClient = new EmployeesInfoWebServiceSoapClient();              webClient.GetEmployeesInfoCompleted +=              new EventHandler<GetEmployeesInfoCompletedEventArgs>(webClient_GetEmployeesInfoCompleted);              webClient.GetEmployeesInfoAsync();          }          void webClient_GetEmployeesInfoCompleted(object sender, GetEmployeesInfoCompletedEventArgs e)          {              originalNum = e.Result.Count;//记录原始数据个数              dfEmployee.ItemsSource = e.Result;          }      }  }

最终效果图

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