这篇文章主要介绍“怎么用Spring框架+jdbcTemplate实现增删改查功能”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在怎么用Spring框架+jdbcTemplate实现增删改查功能问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”怎么用Spring框架+jdbcTemplate实现增删改查功能”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！
SpringMVC架构(Model(实体类),Service,Controller层)
Controller(接收参数调用业务层)–>Service(调用持久层，处理业务逻辑)–>Dao(与数据库交互)
DI(依赖注入):是IOC思想的一种技术实现
IOC容器是Spring提供的保存Bean对象的容器
Bean管理操作
1.Xml + 注解
2.javaConfig + 注解
通过xml配置Bean:TODO:
通过javaConfig 配置Bean:TODO:
通过注解配置Bean:TODO:
面向切面的程序设计思想。横向的调用。
eg：一个日志的功能，很多的功能模块都需要去使用，可以写一个切面去做这个事情。
使用@Aspect来标记一个普通类为切面。
连接点：比如说日志需要作用的方法。
目标对象：日志需要使用的对象。
1. 添加依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>5.3.8</version> </dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.9.7</version> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency>
需求：SpringIOC + JDBCTemplate实现简单的数据库操作
1.新建Maven项目并引入Spring核心4依赖
<!--Spring的4个基础jar包（容器包）--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>5.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>5.3.1</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId> <version>5.3.1</version> </dependency>
jdbc依赖
<!--Spring整合jdbc--> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.3.6</version> </dependency> <!--mysql驱动--> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency>
junit5
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api --> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> <version>5.3.2</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency>
2. 创建SpringConfig配置文件（通过JavaConfig方式注入bean）
创建SpringConfig类，添加@Configuration标记为配置类。
配置数据源和JDBCTemplate的Bean。
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
MysqlDataSource dataSource = new MysqlDataSource();
dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=ture&charactorEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC");
dataSource.setUser("root");
dataSource.setPassword("123456");
return dataSource;
}
@Bean
public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
}3.创建MVC架构并创建与数据库字段对应的实体类对象
实体类：StudentPO
public class StudentPO {
private Long id;
private String name;
private String age;
public StudentPO() {
}
public StudentPO(String name, String age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public StudentPO(Long id, String name, String age) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "StudentPO{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
'}';
}
}4. 编写Dao层
面向接口编程，首先定义Dao层的规范接口，定义了增删改查4种方法
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
public interface StudentDao {
void addStudent(StudentPO student);
void delStudentById(Long id);
void updateStudent(StudentPO student);
List<StudentPO> selectStudent();
}接口的实现
@Repository注解将StudentDao注入IOC容器
@Autowired自动装配JdbcTemplate对象,JdbcTemplate对象已经在SpringConfig文件中实例化
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
@Repository
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
@Autowired
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
/*
* 增加Student
* */
@Override
public void addStudent(StudentPO student) {
jdbcTemplate.update("insert into student (name,age) values (?,?)", student.getName(), student.getAge());
}
/*
* 删除Student
* */
@Override
public void delStudentById(Long id) {
jdbcTemplate.update("delete from student where id=?", id);
}
/*
* 修改Student
* */
@Override
public void updateStudent(StudentPO student) {
String sql = "UPDATE student SET name=?,age=? where id = ? ";
Object[] args = {student.getName(), student.getAge(), student.getId()};
jdbcTemplate.update(sql, args);
}
/*
* 查询
* */
@Override
public List<StudentPO> selectStudent() {
String sql = "select id,name,age from student";
return this.jdbcTemplate.query(sql, (rs, index) -> {
StudentPO student = new StudentPO();
student.setId(rs.getLong("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setAge(rs.getString("age"));
return student;
});
}
}5. Dao与数据库的增删改查已经实现，使用Service层去调用Dao层的方法。
首先定义Service层的接口
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
public interface StudentService {
void addStudent(StudentPO student);
void delStudentById(Long id);
void updateStudent(StudentPO student);
List<StudentPO> selectStudent();
}接口实现
@Service将对象声明IOC容器中
@Autowired自动装配IOC容器中的StudentDao将StudentDao对象初始化
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
@Autowired
StudentDao studentDao;
@Override
public void addStudent(StudentPO student) {
studentDao.addStudent(student);
}
@Override
public void delStudentById(Long id) {
studentDao.delStudentById(id);
}
@Override
public void updateStudent(StudentPO student) {
studentDao.updateStudent(student);
}
@Override
public List<StudentPO> selectStudent() {
return studentDao.selectStudent();
}
}6. 使用Junit5单元测试测试
首先通过IOC容器拿到StudentService对象
private AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class); // 通过Spring的IOC容器 private StudentService studentService = applicationContext.getBean(StudentService.class);
测试
/**
* @author YonC
* @date 2021/9/2
*/
class StudentServiceImplTest {
private AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
// 通过Spring的IOC容器
private StudentService studentService = applicationContext.getBean(StudentService.class);
@Test
public void testAddStudent() {
studentService.addStudent(new StudentPO("zahngsna", "999"));
System.out.println("添加成功！");
}
@Test
public void testDelStudent() {
studentService.delStudentById(3L);
System.out.println("删除成功！");
}
@Test
public void testUpdateStudent() {
//将id为3的Student的name修改为"wang",age修改为21
studentService.updateStudent(new StudentPO(1L,"wang","28"));
System.out.println("修改成功！");
}
@Test
public void testSelectStudent() {
studentService.selectStudent().forEach(System.out::println);
}
}到此，关于“怎么用Spring框架+jdbcTemplate实现增删改查功能”的学习就结束了，希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习，快去试试吧！若想继续学习更多相关知识，请继续关注亿速云网站，小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章！
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