Java数据库连接池Tomcat怎么使用

这篇文章主要介绍“Java数据库连接池Tomcat怎么使用”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在Java数据库连接池Tomcat怎么使用问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”Java数据库连接池Tomcat怎么使用”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！

前言：

Tomcat 连接池是从 Tomcat 7 开始重新编写的高并发连接池，用以取代以前 Tomcat 中使用的 DBCP 1 连接池，它可以配置在 Tomcat 中使用，也可以单独使用。本文主要介绍 Tomcat 连接池的基本使用，文中使用到的软件版本：Java 1.8.0_191、Tomcat 8.5.72、Spring Boot 2.3.12.RELEASE。

1、配置参数

1.1、基础配置

1.2、系统属性

1.3、一般参数

这些参数和 DBCP 一致，但有些默认值不一样。

1.4、增强参数

详细的说明可以参考官网文档：https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.5-doc/jdbc-pool.html

2、使用

2.1、直接使用

2.1.1、引入依赖

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>

    <artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>

    <version>8.5.72</version>

</dependency>

2.1.2、使用例子

package com.abc.demo.general.dbpool;

import org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource;

import org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PoolProperties;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

public class TomcatPoolCase {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        PoolProperties poolProperties = new PoolProperties();

        poolProperties.setName("Tomcat连接池");

        poolProperties.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8");

        poolProperties.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

        poolProperties.setUsername("root");

        poolProperties.setPassword("123456");

        poolProperties.setJmxEnabled(true);

        poolProperties.setTestWhileIdle(false);

        poolProperties.setTestOnBorrow(true);

        poolProperties.setValidationQuery("SELECT 1");

        poolProperties.setTestOnReturn(false);

        poolProperties.setValidationInterval(30000);

        poolProperties.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis(30000);

        poolProperties.setMaxActive(100);

        poolProperties.setInitialSize(10);

        poolProperties.setMaxWait(10000);

        poolProperties.setRemoveAbandonedTimeout(60);

        poolProperties.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis(30000);

        poolProperties.setMinIdle(10);

        poolProperties.setLogAbandoned(true);

        poolProperties.setRemoveAbandoned(true);

        poolProperties.setJdbcInterceptors(

                "org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;" +

                "org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer");

        DataSource datasource = new DataSource();

        datasource.setPoolProperties(poolProperties);

        Connection connection = null;

        try {

            connection = datasource.getConnection();

            Statement st = connection.createStatement();

            ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select version()");

            if (rs.next()) {

                System.out.println(rs.getString(1));

            }

        } catch (SQLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } finally {

            close(connection);

        }

        //实际使用中一般是在应用启动时初始化数据源，应用从数据源中获取连接；并不会关闭数据源。

        datasource.close();

    }

    private static void close(Connection connection) {

        if (connection != null) {

            try {

                connection.close();

            } catch (SQLException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

}

2.2、作为资源配置在 Tomcat 中

先把对应数据库的驱动包拷贝到 Tomcat 或应用的 lib 目录下，然后在 content.xml 中配置资源，

content.xml 可以在如下位置：

• conf/context.xml：针对所有的应用

• conf/Catalina/localhost：针对单个应用，适合在 Tomcat 外部部署应用

• {应用}/META-INFcontext.xml：针对单个应用

配置资源的例子如下：

<Resource name="jdbc/testDb"

    auth="Container"

    type="javax.sql.DataSource"

    factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"

    testWhileIdle="true"

    testOnBorrow="true"

    testOnReturn="false"

    validationQuery="SELECT 1"

    validationInterval="30000"

    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="30000"

    maxActive="20"

    maxIdle="20"

    minIdle="5"

    maxWait="10000"

    initialSize="5"

    removeAbandonedTimeout="60"

    removeAbandoned="true"

    logAbandoned="true"

    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="30000"

    jmxEnabled="true"

    jdbcInterceptors="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;

    org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"

    username="root"

    password="123456"

    driverClassName="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"

    url="jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8" />

可以通过 jndi 来查找该资源，这里通过 jsp 来演示查找方法：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ page import="javax.naming.Context,

                javax.naming.InitialContext,

                javax.sql.DataSource,

                java.sql.*"%>

<%

    Connection connection = null;

    try {

        InitialContext initialContext = new InitialContext();

        Context context = (Context) initialContext.lookup("java:comp/env");

        DataSource dataSource = (DataSource)context.lookup("jdbc/testDb");

        connection = dataSource.getConnection();

        Statement st = connection.createStatement();

        ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select version()");

        if (rs.next()) {

            System.out.println(rs.getString(1));

        }

    } catch (Exception e) {

        e.printStackTrace();

    } finally {

        if (connection != null) {

            try {

                connection.close();

            } catch (SQLException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

%>

<html>

    <body>

        <h4>通过 jndi 查找数据源并获取数据库的版本信息</h4>

    </body>

</html>

3.2、在 SpringBoot 中使用

3.1.1、引入依赖

<parent>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

    <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version>

    <relativePath />

</parent>

<dependencies>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>

        <artifactId>tomcat-jdbc</artifactId>

        <version>8.5.72</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

        <groupId>mysql</groupId>

        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

    </dependency>

</dependencies>

3.1.2、单数据源

application.yml 配置：

spring:

  datasource:

    tomcat-pool:

      name: Tomcat连接池

      url: jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

      username: root

      password: 123456

      test-while-idle: true

      test-on-borrow: true

      validation-query: select 1

      test-on-return: false

      validation-interval: 30000

      time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 30000

      max-active: 100

      initial-size: 10

      max-wait: 10000

      remove-abandoned-timeout: 60

      min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 30000

      min-idle: 10

      log-abandoned: true

      remove-abandoned: true

      jdbc-interceptors: org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer

数据源配置类：

package com.abc.demo.config;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration

public class DataSourceConfig {

    @Bean("dataSource")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.tomcat-pool")

    public DataSource dataSource() {

        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource.class).build();

    }

}

使用：

@Autowired

private DataSource dataSource;

3.1.3、多数据源

application.yml 配置：

spring:

  datasource:

    tomcat-pool:

      db1:

        name: Tomcat连接池

        url: jdbc:mysql://10.40.9.11:3306/mydb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

        username: root

        password: 123456

        test-while-idle: true

        test-on-borrow: true

        validation-query: select 1

        test-on-return: false

        validation-interval: 30000

        time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 30000

        max-active: 100

        initial-size: 10

        max-wait: 10000

        remove-abandoned-timeout: 60

        min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 30000

        min-idle: 10

        log-abandoned: true

        remove-abandoned: true

        jdbc-interceptors: org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer

      db2:

        name: Tomcat连接池

        url: jdbc:mysql://10.110.74.187:3306/egmp?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8

        driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

        username: root

        password: InsYR0ot187!

        test-while-idle: true

        test-on-borrow: true

        validation-query: select 1

        test-on-return: false

        validation-interval: 30000

        time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 30000

        max-active: 100

        initial-size: 10

        max-wait: 10000

        remove-abandoned-timeout: 60

        min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 30000

        min-idle: 10

        log-abandoned: true

        remove-abandoned: true

        jdbc-interceptors: org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer

数据源配置类：

package com.abc.demo.config;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration

public class DataSourceConfig {

    @Bean("dataSource1")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.tomcat-pool.db1")

    public DataSource dataSource1() {

        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource.class).build();

    }

    @Bean("dataSource2")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.tomcat-pool.db2")

    public DataSource dataSource2() {

        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource.class).build();

    }

}

使用：

@Autowired

@Qualifier("dataSource1")

private DataSource dataSource1;

@Autowired

@Qualifier("dataSource2")

private DataSource dataSource2;

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