怎么利用python写GUI及生成.exe可执行文件,相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策,为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法,通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
import tkinter as tk import tkinter.messagebox import copy import os
def get_picture(dirs): '''获得所有图片''' picture_list = [] for dir, dir_abs, files in os.walk(dirs): for file in files: if file.endswith('.png'): # 注意检查分析数据格式 picture_list.append(os.path.join(dir, file)) return picture_list
class Window: button_list = [] object_list = [] pictures = get_picture("F:\\pic\\class-1\\classresnet\\data\\dangerous") file = pictures[0] is_show = True index = 0 image_file = ''
def __init__(self): '''创建窗口和frame''' self.window = tk.Tk() self.window.title('护目镜安全检测') self.window.geometry('600x400') self.frame = tk.Frame(self.window) self.frame.pack() self.frame_l = tk.Frame(self.frame) self.frame_r = tk.Frame(self.frame) self.frame_l.pack(side='left') self.frame_r.pack(side='right') self.frame_ll = tk.Frame(self.frame_r) self.frame_rr = tk.Frame(self.frame_r) self.frame_ll.pack(side='left') self.frame_rr.pack(side='right')
def next_picture(self): '''下一张图片''' self.index = self.pictures.index(self.file) self.index += 1 if self.index < len(self.pictures): self.checkout_button() self.file = self.pictures[self.index] self.create_canvas(self.file) else: self.index = len(self.pictures) - 1 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('提示', '已近是最后一张了') def checkout_button(self): '''判断列表中是否只有button对象''' object_list_copy = copy.copy(self.object_list) for ob in self.object_list: if ob in self.button_list: pass else: b = object_list_copy.pop(self.object_list.index(ob)) b.destroy() self.object_list = object_list_copy def pre_picture(self): '''上一页''' self.index = self.pictures.index(self.file) self.index -= 1 if self.index >= 0: self.checkout_button() self.file = self.pictures[self.index] self.create_canvas(self.file) else: self.index = 0 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('提示', '已经是第一张了') def show_picture(self): '''展示图片和翻页按钮''' self.file = self.pictures[0] if self.is_show: self.is_show = False self.create_canvas(self.file) button1 = tk.Button(self.frame_ll, text='上一张', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='orange', command=self.pre_picture, relief='ridge', ) button1.pack() button2 = tk.Button(self.frame_rr, text='下一张', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='orange', command=self.next_picture, relief='ridge', ) button2.pack() self.button_list.append(button1) self.button_list.append(button2) self.object_list.extend(self.button_list) else: self.is_show = True while self.object_list: o = self.object_list.pop() o.destroy()
def new_button(self): '''创建展示按钮'''"开始检测和显示结果可在此处新添加tk.button" tk.Button(self.frame_l, text='开始读取', font=('Arial Black', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='green', command=self.show_picture, relief='ridge').pack() # tk.Button(self.frame_l, text='开始检测', font=('Arial Black', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='blue',command=classresnet, relief='ridge').pack() def create_canvas(self, file): '''用画布展示图片''' self.image_file = tk.PhotoImage(file=file) canvas = tk.Canvas(self.frame_r, height=500, width=600, bg='gray') canvas.create_image(1, 1, anchor='nw', image=self.image_file) canvas.pack() self.object_list.append(canvas) def run(self): '''主程序调用''' self.window.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': w = Window() w.new_button() w.run()
import tkinter as tk import tkinter.messagebox import copy import os # from glob2 import glob # import main """Graphical User Interface(图形用户接口)""" def get_picture(dirs): '''获得所有图片''' picture_list = [] for dir, dir_abs, files in os.walk(dirs): for file in files: if file.endswith('.png'): # 注意检查分析数据格式 picture_list.append(os.path.join(dir, file)) return picture_list class Window: button_list = [] object_list = [] # for pngfile in glob("F:\\pic\\class-1\\classresnet\\datas\\*.png"): # main.image_demo() # output_dir = "F:\\pic\\class-1\\classresnet\\data\\try" # 保存截取的图像目录 # print('图片获取完成 。。。!') # # main.classresnet() pictures = get_picture("F:\\pic\\class-1\\classresnet\\data\\dangerous") file = pictures[0] is_show = True index = 0 image_file = '' def __init__(self): '''创建窗口和frame''' self.window = tk.Tk() self.window.title('护目镜安全检测') self.window.geometry('600x400') self.frame = tk.Frame(self.window) self.frame.pack() self.frame_l = tk.Frame(self.frame) self.frame_r = tk.Frame(self.frame) self.frame_l.pack(side='left') self.frame_r.pack(side='right') self.frame_ll = tk.Frame(self.frame_r) self.frame_rr = tk.Frame(self.frame_r) self.frame_ll.pack(side='left') self.frame_rr.pack(side='right') def next_picture(self): '''下一张图片''' self.index = self.pictures.index(self.file) self.index += 1 if self.index < len(self.pictures): self.checkout_button() self.file = self.pictures[self.index] self.create_canvas(self.file) else: self.index = len(self.pictures) - 1 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('提示', '已近是最后一张了') def checkout_button(self): '''判断列表中是否只有button对象''' object_list_copy = copy.copy(self.object_list) for ob in self.object_list: if ob in self.button_list: pass else: b = object_list_copy.pop(self.object_list.index(ob)) b.destroy() self.object_list = object_list_copy def pre_picture(self): '''上一页''' self.index = self.pictures.index(self.file) self.index -= 1 if self.index >= 0: self.checkout_button() self.file = self.pictures[self.index] self.create_canvas(self.file) else: self.index = 0 tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('提示', '已经是第一张了') def show_picture(self): '''展示图片和翻页按钮''' self.file = self.pictures[0] if self.is_show: self.is_show = False self.create_canvas(self.file) button1 = tk.Button(self.frame_ll, text='上一张', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='orange', command=self.pre_picture, relief='ridge', ) button1.pack() button2 = tk.Button(self.frame_rr, text='下一张', font=('Arial', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='orange', command=self.next_picture, relief='ridge', ) button2.pack() self.button_list.append(button1) self.button_list.append(button2) self.object_list.extend(self.button_list) else: self.is_show = True while self.object_list: o = self.object_list.pop() o.destroy() # def code_button(self): # tk.Button(self.frame_l, text='开始检测', font=('Arial Black', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='blue', # command=main.classresnet, relief='ridge').pack() def new_button(self): '''创建展示按钮'''"开始检测和显示结果可在此处新添加tk.button" tk.Button(self.frame_l, text='开始读取', font=('Arial Black', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='green', command=self.show_picture, relief='ridge').pack() # tk.Button(self.frame_l, text='开始检测', font=('Arial Black', 12), width=10, height=1, bg='blue',command=classresnet, relief='ridge').pack() def create_canvas(self, file): '''用画布展示图片''' self.image_file = tk.PhotoImage(file=file) canvas = tk.Canvas(self.frame_r, height=500, width=600, bg='gray') canvas.create_image(1, 1, anchor='nw', image=self.image_file) canvas.pack() self.object_list.append(canvas) def run(self): '''主程序调用''' self.window.mainloop() if __name__ == '__main__': w = Window() w.new_button() w.run()
在windows下,可以使用pyinstaller打包python程序为exe可执行程序。
在cmd命令行窗口运行以下命令安装pyinstaller
pip install pyinstaller
在python程序所在目录,执行以下命令
pyinstaller -F xxx.py -w
注:如果不加-w,生成的exe文件会同时出现命令行窗口
打包完成后,在对应目录会出现build和dist文件夹,exe文件就出现在dist文件夹,直接运行即可。
(1) -F 指定打包后只生成一个exe格式的文件(dist文件只有一个exe格式的文件T1)
pyinstaller -F T1.py
(2) -i 改变生成程序的icon图标
pyinstaller -F -i ./my.ico T1.py
(3) -n NAME,–name=NAME 设置产生文件的名字(mypy)
pyinstaller -F -n mypy -i ./my.ico T1.py
因为是exe应用,是可执行文件了,所以直接双击运行即可,运行效果如下图所示:
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