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es如何创建索引和mapping

发布时间:2023-02-25 17:33:12 来源:亿速云 阅读:255 作者:iii 栏目:开发技术

本文小编为大家详细介绍“es如何创建索引和mapping”,内容详细,步骤清晰,细节处理妥当,希望这篇“es如何创建索引和mapping”文章能帮助大家解决疑惑,下面跟着小编的思路慢慢深入,一起来学习新知识吧。

    es创建索引和mapping

    索引和type分开创建

    1、创建index

    http://127.0.0.1:9200/
    negative/    put
    {
      "settings": {
        "index": {
          "search": {
            "slowlog": {
              "threshold": {
                "fetch": {
                  "debug": "5s"
                },
                "query": {
                  "warn": "20s"
                }
              }
            }
          },
          "indexing": {
            "slowlog": {
              "threshold": {
                "index": {
                  "info": "20s"
                }
              }
            }
          },
          "number_of_shards": "1",
          "number_of_replicas": "0"
        }
      }
    }

    2、创建mapping

    http://127.0.0.1:9200/
    negative/negative/_mapping  post
    {"properties":{
      "id": {
        "type": "long"
      },
      "yjlb": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      },
      "ejlb": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      },
      "sjlb": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      },
      "detail": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      },
      "ssyj": {
        "type": "text",
        "fields": {
          "keyword": {
            "type": "keyword",
            "ignore_above": 256
          }
        }
      }
    }}

    索引和type一次创建

    (注意:mapping下面一层的key值 是type名称)

    http://192.168.0.213:9200/
    announcement/    put
    {
      "settings": {
        "index": {
          "search": {
            "slowlog": {
              "threshold": {
                "fetch": {
                  "debug": "5s"
                },
                "query": {
                  "warn": "20s"
                }
              }
            }
          },
          "indexing": {
            "slowlog": {
              "threshold": {
                "index": {
                  "info": "20s"
                }
              }
            }
          },
          "number_of_shards": "1",
          "number_of_replicas": "0"
        }
      },
      "mappings": {
        "announcement": {
          "properties": {
            "id": {
              "type": "keyword"
            },
            "createtime": {
              "type": "date",
              "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
            },
            "creatby": {
              "type": "keyword"
            },
            "updatetime": {
              "type": "date",
              "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
            },
            "type": {
              "type": "keyword"
            },
            "status": {
              "type": "keyword"
            },
            "title": {
              "type": "text",
              "fields": {
                "keyword": {
                  "type": "keyword",
                  "ignore_above": 256
                }
              }
            },
            "cont": {
              "type": "text",
              "fields": {
                "keyword": {
                  "type": "keyword",
                  "ignore_above": 256
                }
              }
            },
            "files": {
              "type": "nested",
              "properties": {
                "id": {
                  "type": "keyword"
                },
                "filename": {
                  "type": "text",
                  "fields": {
                    "keyword": {
                      "type": "keyword",
                      "ignore_above": 256
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

    更改elasticsearch中索引的mapping

    昨天研发说在kibana中统计userid字段不出图,后来查到该字段显示冲突了,然后再查看了GET test/_mapping下该索引的mapping,发现userid是long类型的,而userid.keyword是string类型的,出现这种情况的根本原因是日志中这个字段存的是数值类型的值,改成字符串类型即可,由于急着用,我司上线一般是下午6点30上线,所以临时修改了下该字段的类型,步骤如下:

    查看旧索引的mapping

    • GET test/_mapping 

    找到userid这个字段,修改类型为keyword,如下:

    {
        "mappings": {
            "doc": {
                "properties": {
                    "@timestamp": {
                        "type": "date"
                    },
                    "@version": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "beat": {
                        "properties": {
                            "hostname": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "name": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "version": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "code": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "dip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "fields": {
                        "properties": {
                            "log_topic": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "host": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "message": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "method": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "name": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "offset": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "referer": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "sip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "source": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "tags": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "time": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "url": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "userid": {
                        "type": "keyword"   #修改此处
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    创建一个自定义mapping的新索引

    PUT test-new
    {
        "mappings": {
            "doc": {
                "properties": {
                    "@timestamp": {
                        "type": "date"
                    },
                    "@version": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "beat": {
                        "properties": {
                            "hostname": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "name": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "version": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "code": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "dip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "fields": {
                        "properties": {
                            "log_topic": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "host": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "message": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "method": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "name": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "offset": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "referer": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "sip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "source": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "tags": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "time": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "url": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "userid": {
                        "type": "keyword"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    把旧索引的数据reindex到新索引上

    注意,旧索引先停止新数据的写入

    POST _reindex
    {
      "source": {
        "index": "test"
      },
      "dest": {
        "index": "test-new"
      }
    }

    删除旧索引

    DELETE test

    按照步骤2创建test索引

    PUT test
    {
        "mappings": {
            "doc": {
                "properties": {
                    "@timestamp": {
                        "type": "date"
                    },
                    "@version": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "beat": {
                        "properties": {
                            "hostname": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "name": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            },
                            "version": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "code": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "dip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "fields": {
                        "properties": {
                            "log_topic": {
                                "type": "text",
                                "fields": {
                                    "keyword": {
                                        "type": "keyword",
                                        "ignore_above": 256
                                    }
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "host": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "message": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "method": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "name": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "offset": {
                        "type": "long"
                    },
                    "referer": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "sip": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "source": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "tags": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "time": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "url": {
                        "type": "text",
                        "fields": {
                            "keyword": {
                                "type": "keyword",
                                "ignore_above": 256
                            }
                        }
                    },
                    "userid": {
                        "type": "keyword"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    把test-new索引的数据reindex到test索引上

    POST _reindex
    {
      "source": {
        "index": "test-new"
      },
      "dest": {
        "index": "test"
      }
    }

    查看test索引的mapping

    GET test/_mapping,执行命令后,可以看到userid的字段类型为keyword类型了

    然后再打开该索引接收新数据的开关

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