| 运算符 | 优先级 |
|---|---|
| postfix |
expr++ expr--
|
| unary |
++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !
|
| multiplicative |
* / %
|
| additive |
+ -
|
| shift |
<< >> >>>
|
| relational |
< > <= >= instanceof
|
| equality |
== !=
|
| bitwise AND |
&
|
| bitwise exclusive OR |
^
|
| bitwise inclusive OR |
|
|
| logical AND |
&&
|
| logical OR |
||
|
| ternary |
? :
|
| assignment |
= += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=
|
| Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
::
|
Scope resolution | Left-to-right |
| 2 |
++ --
|
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | |
()
|
Function call | ||
[]
|
Array subscripting | ||
.
|
Element selection by reference | ||
−>
|
Element selection through pointer | ||
| 3 |
++ --
|
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ −
|
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~
|
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type)
|
Type cast | ||
*
|
Indirection (dereference) | ||
&
|
Address-of | ||
sizeof
|
Size-of | ||
new, new[]
|
Dynamic memory allocation | ||
delete, delete[]
|
Dynamic memory deallocation | ||
| 4 |
.* ->*
|
Pointer to member | Left-to-right |
| 5 |
* / %
|
Multiplication, division, and remainder | |
| 6 |
+ −
|
Addition and subtraction | |
| 7 |
<< >>
|
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
| 8 |
< <=
|
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >=
|
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
| 9 |
== !=
|
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
| 10 |
&
|
Bitwise AND | |
| 11 |
^
|
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
| 12 |
|
|
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
| 13 |
&&
|
Logical AND | |
| 14 |
||
|
Logical OR | |
| 15 |
?:
|
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
| 16 |
=
|
Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes) | |
+= −=
|
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /= %=
|
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>=
|
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |=
|
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
| 17 |
throw
|
Throw operator (for exceptions) | |
| 18 |
,
|
Comma | Left-to-right |
| Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
++ --
|
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | Left-to-right |
()
|
Function call | ||
[]
|
Array subscripting | ||
.
|
Structure and union member access | ||
−>
|
Structure and union member access through pointer | ||
(type){list}
|
Compound literal(C99) | ||
| 2 |
++ --
|
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ −
|
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~
|
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type)
|
Type cast | ||
*
|
Indirection (dereference) | ||
&
|
Address-of | ||
sizeof
|
Size-of | ||
_Alignof
|
Alignment requirement(C11) | ||
| 3 |
* / %
|
Multiplication, division, and remainder | Left-to-right |
| 4 |
+ −
|
Addition and subtraction | |
| 5 |
<< >>
|
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
| 6 |
< <=
|
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >=
|
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
| 7 |
== !=
|
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
| 8 |
&
|
Bitwise AND | |
| 9 |
^
|
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
| 10 |
|
|
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
| 11 |
&&
|
Logical AND | |
| 12 |
||
|
Logical OR | |
| 13 |
?:
|
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
| 14 |
=
|
Simple assignment | |
+= −=
|
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /= %=
|
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>=
|
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |=
|
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
| 15 |
,
|
Comma | Left-to-right |
| 结合方向 | 运算符 | 附加信息 |
|---|---|---|
| 非结合 |
clone new
|
clone 和 new |
| 左 |
[
|
array() |
| 非结合 |
++ --
|
递增／递减运算符 |
| 非结合 |
~ - (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) (bool) @
|
类型 |
| 非结合 |
instanceof
|
类型 |
| 右结合 |
!
|
逻辑操作符 |
| 左 |
* / %
|
算术运算符 |
| 左 |
+ - .
|
算术运算符 和 字符串运算符 |
| 左 |
<< >>
|
位运算符 |
| 非结合 |
< <= > >= <>
|
比较运算符 |
| 非结合 |
== != === !==
|
比较运算符 |
| 左 |
&
|
位运算符 和 引用 |
| 左 |
^
|
位运算符 |
| 左 |
|
|
位运算符 |
| 左 |
&&
|
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 |
||
|
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 |
? :
|
三元运算符 |
| 右 |
= += -= *= /= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>=
|
赋值运算符 |
| 左 |
and
|
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 |
xor
|
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 |
or
|
逻辑运算符 |
| 左 |
,
|
多处用到 |
这个表给出Python的运算符优先级（从低到高）.
从最低的优先级（最松散地结合）到最高的优先级（最紧密地结合）。
这意味着在一个表达式中，Python会首先计算表中较下面的运算符，然后在计算列在表上部的运算符。
| 运算符 | 描述 |
|---|---|
lambda
|
Lambda表达式 |
or
|
布尔“或” |
and
|
布尔“与” |
not x
|
布尔“非” |
in，not in
|
成员测试 |
is，is not
|
同一性测试 |
<，<=，>，>=，!=，==
|
比较 |
|
|
按位或 |
^
|
按位异或 |
&
|
按位与 |
<<，>>
|
移位 |
+，-
|
加法与减法 |
*，/，%
|
乘法、除法与取余 |
+x，-x
|
正负号 |
~x
|
按位翻转 |
**
|
指数 |
x.attribute
|
属性参考 |
x[index]
|
下标 |
x[index:index]
|
寻址段 |
f(arguments...)
|
函数调用 |
(experession,...)
|
绑定或元组显示 |
[expression,...]
|
列表显示 |
{key:datum,...}
|
字典显示 |
'expression,...'
|
字符串转换 |
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