在C#中,我们可以使用ASP.NET Core来创建一个中间件,并集成身份验证框架。ASP.NET Core是一个跨平台的开源框架,用于构建现代云应用程序。它提供了许多内置的身份验证和授权功能,如JWT、OAuth 2.0等。
以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何在ASP.NET Core中创建一个中间件,并集成IdentityServer4作为身份验证框架:
首先,确保已安装以下NuGet包:
在Startup.cs
文件中,配置IdentityServer4作为身份验证框架:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
namespace MiddlewareAuthentication
{
public class Startup
{
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllers();
services.AddAuthentication("Bearer")
.AddIdentityServerAuthentication("Bearer", options =>
{
options.Authority = "http://localhost:5000"; // IdentityServer4的地址
options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
options.ApiName = "api1"; // 在IdentityServer4中注册的API名称
});
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
}
AuthenticationMiddleware.cs
:using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
namespace MiddlewareAuthentication
{
public class AuthenticationMiddleware
{
private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
public AuthenticationMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
{
_next = next;
}
public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
{
if (!context.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated)
{
context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
await context.Response.WriteAsync("Unauthorized");
return;
}
await _next(context);
}
}
}
Startup.cs
文件中,将中间件添加到请求管道中:public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
// ...
app.UseMiddleware<AuthenticationMiddleware>();
// ...
}
现在,当客户端请求API时,中间件会检查请求是否包含有效的访问令牌。如果没有,它将返回401 Unauthorized响应。如果有效,请求将继续传递给下一个中间件或控制器。
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