在Web爬虫中,Python库函数可以帮助我们更高效地抓取和解析网页内容
import requests
url = 'https://www.example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
html_content = response.text
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')
title = soup.title.string
print(title)
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://www.example.com')
element = driver.find_element_by_id('some-id')
element.click()
import scrapy
class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):
name = 'myspider'
start_urls = ['https://www.example.com']
def parse(self, response):
for item in response.css('div.item'):
yield {
'title': item.css('h2.title::text').get(),
'description': item.css('p.description::text').get(),
}
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
def fetch(url):
response = requests.get(url)
return response.text
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as executor:
future_to_url = {executor.submit(fetch, url): url for url in urls}
for future in concurrent.futures.as_completed(future_to_url):
url = future_to_url[future]
try:
html_content = future.result()
except Exception as exc:
print(f'{url} generated an exception: {exc}')
通过熟练运用这些Python库函数,我们可以构建出高效、稳定的Web爬虫,从而实现对目标网站的快速、全面抓取。
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