终端读写

1. 终端读写
   操作终端相关文件句柄常量
   os.Stdin：标准输入
   os.Stdout：标准输出
   os.Stderr：标准错误输出
2. 终端读写示例：

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

var (
    firstName, lastName, s string
    i                      int
    f                      float32
    input                  = "56.12 / 5212 / Go"
    format                = "%f / %d / %s"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Please enter your full name: ")
    fmt.Scanln(&firstName, &lastName)
    // fmt.Scanf("%s %s", &firstName, &lastName)
    fmt.Printf("Hi %s %s!\n", firstName, lastName) // Hi Chris Naegels
    fmt.Sscanf(input, format, &f, &i, &s)
    fmt.Println("From the string we read: ", f, i, s)
}

3. 带缓冲区的读写（磁盘io比较慢，所以将数据先存入缓存）：

package main

import (
    "bufio"
    "fmt"
    "os"
)

var inputReader *bufio.Reader
var input string
var err error

func main() {
    inputReader = bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
    fmt.Println("Please enter some input: ")
    input, err = inputReader.ReadString('\n')
    if err == nil {
        fmt.Printf("The input was: %s\n", input)
    }
}

package main

import (
    "bufio"
    "os"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
    //以换行为分割，注意单引号''
    str, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    fmt.Println("输入的是：", str)
}

输入输出：
我日啊
输入的是： 我日啊

Process finished with exit code 0