在平时处理文件的时候，都会用到模块os，今天运用os模块获取绝对路径下的文件的文件名和后缀名，这里测试文件为:
[root@python ~]# cat testfile /usr/local/application/website/test.txt /usr/local/application/website/test.txt /usr/local/bin/test.sh /usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG.jpg /usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG.jpg /usr/local/application/CSS/up.css /usr/local/application/PNG/good.png /usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG.jpg /usr/local/application/CSS/main.css /usr/local/application/GIF/hello.gif /usr/local/application/js/foot.js [root@python ~]#
接下来编写脚本:
[root@python ~]# cat get_file_name.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
with open('/root/testfile','r') as obj:
for line in obj:
print os.path.splitext(line.strip())
[root@python ~]#运行脚本输出结果:
[root@python ~]# python get_file_name.py
('/usr/local/application/website/test', '.txt')
('/usr/local/application/website/test', '.txt')
('/usr/local/bin/test', '.sh')
('/usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG', '.jpg')
('/usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG', '.jpg')
('/usr/local/application/CSS/up', '.css')
('/usr/local/application/PNG/good', '.png')
('/usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG', '.jpg')
('/usr/local/application/CSS/main', '.css')
('/usr/local/application/GIF/hello', '.gif')
('/usr/local/application/js/foot', '.js')
[root@python ~]#从以上可以看出，每一行为一个元组，然后继续修改get_file_name文件:
[root@python ~]# cat get_file_name.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import os
with open('/root/testfile','r') as obj:
for line in obj:
print "文件路径为:%s 文件后缀为:%s" %(os.path.splitext(line.strip())[0],os.path.splitext(line.strip())[1])
[root@python ~]#再运行脚本查看结果:
[root@python ~]# python get_file_name.py 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/website/test 文件后缀为:.txt 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/website/test 文件后缀为:.txt 文件路径为:/usr/local/bin/test 文件后缀为:.sh 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AEAFFEAG 文件后缀为:.jpg 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AEAFAGEAG 文件后缀为:.jpg 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/CSS/up 文件后缀为:.css 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/PNG/good 文件后缀为:.png 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/img/AETTTGEAG 文件后缀为:.jpg 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/CSS/main 文件后缀为:.css 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/GIF/hello 文件后缀为:.gif 文件路径为:/usr/local/application/js/foot 文件后缀为:.js [root@python ~]#
这里主要是运用os模块的splitext函数功能，以'.'的分隔符将一个完整的文件进行分割成元组，然后通过元组的下标获取元组中的元素。
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