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c语言怎么实现傅里叶变换

小亿
103
2024-09-05 08:34:22
栏目: 编程语言

在C语言中,要实现傅里叶变换,你可以使用FFTW(Fastest Fourier Transform in the West)库。下面是一个简单的示例,展示了如何使用FFTW库进行一维和二维傅里叶变换。

首先,确保已经安装了FFTW库。在Debian/Ubuntu系统上,可以使用以下命令安装:

sudo apt-get install libfftw3-dev

接下来,创建一个名为fourier_transform.c的C文件,并添加以下代码:

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include<complex.h>
#include <fftw3.h>

void one_dimensional_fourier_transform(int n, double *input, double complex *output) {
    fftw_plan plan = fftw_plan_dft_r2c_1d(n, input, output, FFTW_ESTIMATE);
    fftw_execute(plan);
    fftw_destroy_plan(plan);
}

void two_dimensional_fourier_transform(int nx, int ny, double **input, double complex **output) {
    fftw_plan plan = fftw_plan_dft_r2c_2d(nx, ny, *input, *output, FFTW_ESTIMATE);
    fftw_execute(plan);
    fftw_destroy_plan(plan);
}

int main() {
    int n = 8;
    double input[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8};
    double complex output[n];

    one_dimensional_fourier_transform(n, input, output);

    printf("One-dimensional Fourier transform:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("%d: %g + %gi\n", i, creal(output[i]), cimag(output[i]));
    }

    int nx = 4, ny = 4;
    double **input_2d = (double **)malloc(nx * sizeof(double *));
    double complex **output_2d = (double complex **)malloc(nx * sizeof(double complex *));
    for (int i = 0; i < nx; i++) {
        input_2d[i] = (double *)malloc(ny * sizeof(double));
        output_2d[i] = (double complex *)malloc(ny * sizeof(double complex));
        for (int j = 0; j < ny; j++) {
            input_2d[i][j] = i * j;
        }
    }

    two_dimensional_fourier_transform(nx, ny, input_2d, output_2d);

    printf("\nTwo-dimensional Fourier transform:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < nx; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < ny; j++) {
            printf("(%d, %d): %g + %gi\n", i, j, creal(output_2d[i][j]), cimag(output_2d[i][j]));
        }
    }

    // Free allocated memory
    for (int i = 0; i < nx; i++) {
        free(input_2d[i]);
        free(output_2d[i]);
    }
    free(input_2d);
    free(output_2d);

    return 0;
}

编译并运行此程序:

gcc -o fourier_transform fourier_transform.c -lfftw3 -lm
./fourier_transform

这将输出一维和二维傅里叶变换的结果。注意,这个示例仅用于演示目的,实际应用中可能需要对输入数据和输出结果进行更复杂的处理。

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