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Java中配置文件的加密与解密方法

小樊
81
2024-09-23 22:15:58
栏目: 编程语言

在Java中,可以使用第三方库来实现配置文件的加密与解密。以下是一些常用的加密与解密方法:

  1. 使用Java Cryptography Extension (JCE):

JCE提供了一系列的加密算法,如AES、DES、RSA等。以下是一个使用AES加密和解密的示例:

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

public class AESUtil {
    private static final String ALGORITHM = "AES";
    private static final String TRANSFORMATION = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    public static String encrypt(String data, SecretKey key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(TRANSFORMATION);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
        byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes());
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);
    }

    public static String decrypt(String data, SecretKey key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(TRANSFORMATION);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
        byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
        return new String(decryptedData);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
        keyGenerator.init(128);
        SecretKey key = keyGenerator.generateKey();

        String plainText = "Hello, world!";
        String encryptedText = encrypt(plainText, key);
        String decryptedText = decrypt(encryptedText, key);

        System.out.println("Plain text: " + plainText);
        System.out.println("Encrypted text: " + encryptedText);
        System.out.println("Decrypted text: " + decryptedText);
    }
}
  1. 使用Java Cryptography Architecture (JCA):

JCA是Java加密框架的基础,提供了更多的加密算法和更安全的密钥管理。以下是一个使用JCA和AES加密和解密的示例:

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.Key;
import java.util.Base64;

public class JcaAESUtil {
    private static final String ALGORITHM = "AES";
    private static final String TRANSFORMATION = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    public static String encrypt(String data, Key key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(TRANSFORMATION);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
        byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes());
        return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(encryptedData);
    }

    public static String decrypt(String data, Key key) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(TRANSFORMATION);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
        byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
        return new String(decryptedData);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        Key key = new SecretKeySpec("ThisIsASecretKey".getBytes(), ALGORITHM);

        String plainText = "Hello, world!";
        String encryptedText = encrypt(plainText, key);
        String decryptedText = decrypt(encryptedText, key);

        System.out.println("Plain text: " + plainText);
        System.out.println("Encrypted text: " + encryptedText);
        System.out.println("Decrypted text: " + decryptedText);
    }
}
  1. 使用第三方库:

除了Java内置的加密库,还可以使用一些第三方库来实现配置文件的加密与解密,如Apache Commons Codec、Bouncy Castle等。这些库通常提供了更丰富的加密算法和更强大的功能。

例如,使用Apache Commons Codec进行Base64编码和解码:

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class Base64Util {
    public static String encode(String data) {
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(data.getBytes());
    }

    public static String decode(String data) {
        return new String(Base64.decodeBase64(data));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String plainText = "Hello, world!";
        String encodedText = encode(plainText);
        String decodedText = decode(encodedText);

        System.out.println("Plain text: " + plainText);
        System.out.println("Encoded text: " + encodedText);
        System.out.println("Decoded text: " + decodedText);
    }
}

请注意,加密与解密只是保护配置文件的一部分,还需要考虑如何安全地存储和管理密钥。在实际应用中,建议使用密钥管理系统(KMS)或硬件安全模块(HSM)等安全存储设备来保护密钥。

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