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能否用Java的Stack类实现表达式求值

小樊
84
2024-09-23 21:50:41
栏目: 编程语言

是的,你可以使用Java的Stack类来实现表达式求值。这里是一个简单的例子,展示了如何使用Stack类实现中缀表达式到后缀表达式(逆波兰表示法)的转换以及计算后缀表达式的值:

import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class ExpressionEvaluator {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String expression = "3 + 4 * 2 / ( 1 - 5 ) ^ 2";
        String postfix = convertToPostfix(expression);
        int result = evaluatePostfix(postfix);
        System.out.println("Result: " + result);
    }

    public static String convertToPostfix(String expression) {
        Stack<String> stack = new Stack<>();
        StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(expression);

        while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
            String token = tokenizer.nextToken();

            if (isOperator(token)) {
                String topOperand = stack.pop();
                String secondOperand = stack.pop();
                String result = performOperation(topOperand, secondOperand, token);
                stack.push(result);
            } else {
                stack.push(token);
            }
        }

        return stack.pop();
    }

    public static int evaluatePostfix(String postfix) {
        Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();

        for (String token : postfix.split(" ")) {
            int operand = Integer.parseInt(token);
            stack.push(operand);
        }

        return stack.pop();
    }

    public static boolean isOperator(String token) {
        return token.equals("+") || token.equals("-") || token.equals("*") || token.equals("/") || token.equals("^");
    }

    public static String performOperation(String operand1, String operand2, String operator) {
        int num1 = Integer.parseInt(operand1);
        int num2 = Integer.parseInt(operand2);

        switch (operator) {
            case "+":
                return String.valueOf(num1 + num2);
            case "-":
                return String.valueOf(num1 - num2);
            case "*":
                return String.valueOf(num1 * num2);
            case "/":
                return String.valueOf(num1 / num2);
            case "^":
                return String.valueOf(Math.pow(num1, num2));
            default:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid operator: " + operator);
        }
    }
}

这个例子中,我们首先将中缀表达式转换为后缀表达式,然后计算后缀表达式的值。注意,这个例子仅支持整数运算,如果你需要支持浮点数运算,可以将Integer.parseInt()替换为Double.parseDouble(),并在计算时进行相应的类型转换。

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