Oracle MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句是一个高级分析功能,用于在行序列上应用模式识别
MATCH_RECOGNIZE子句的语法如下:
SELECT [column_list]
FROM table_name
MATCH_RECOGNIZE (
[PARTITION BY partition_columns]
[ORDER BY order_columns]
[MEASURES measure_expressions]
[ONE ROW PER MATCH]
[AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition]
[PATTERN (pattern_expression)]
[DEFINE define_expressions]
)
参数说明:
PARTITION BY partition_columns
:将输入数据按照指定的列进行分区。ORDER BY order_columns
:指定输入数据的排序方式。MEASURES measure_expressions
:定义输出结果中的度量值,可以包括标量函数、聚合函数等。ONE ROW PER MATCH
:指定每个匹配项只返回一行结果。AFTER MATCH SKIP skip_condition
:定义在当前匹配项之后跳过多少行,可选值有:SKIP TO NEXT ROW(默认值)、SKIP PAST LAST ROW、SKIP TO FIRST variable_name、SKIP TO LAST variable_name。PATTERN (pattern_expression)
:定义要匹配的模式,包括事件、量词、逻辑操作符等。DEFINE define_expressions
:定义模式中使用的变量及其条件。以下是一个简单的示例:
SELECT *
FROM orders
MATCH_RECOGNIZE (
PARTITION BY customer_id
ORDER BY order_date
MEASURES
FIRST(A.order_date) AS first_order_date,
LAST(B.order_date) AS last_order_date
ONE ROW PER MATCH
AFTER MATCH SKIP TO NEXT ROW
PATTERN (A B)
DEFINE
A AS A.amount > 1000,
B AS B.amount < 500
)
这个查询从orders表中查找每个客户的第一笔大于1000元的订单(A)和紧随其后的小于500元的订单(B),并返回第一笔订单的日期和最后一笔订单的日期。