Python3读写Excel文件(使用xlrd,xlsxwriter,openpyxl3种方式读写实例与优劣)

import xlrd

xlrd.open_workbook(r'/root/excel/chat.xls')

# 获取所有sheet
sheet_name = workbook.sheet_names()[0]
# 根据sheet索引或者名称获取sheet内容
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0) # sheet索引从0开始

# 获取整行和整列的值（数组）
rows = sheet.row_values(1) # 获取第2行内容
cols = sheet.col_values(2) # 获取第3列内容

# sheet的名称，行数，列数
print (sheet.name,sheet.nrows,sheet.ncols)

import xlrd
from datetime import date,datetime
arrayNum = 6
#array = {'L1':'','L2':'','L3':'','L4':'','Question':'','Answer':''}
tables = []
newTables = []
def read_excel():
 # 打开文件
 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(r'/root/chat.xls')
 # 获取所有sheet
 sheet_name = workbook.sheet_names()[0]
 # 根据sheet索引或者名称获取sheet内容
 sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0) # sheet索引从0开始
 # sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
 #print (workboot.sheets()[0])
 # sheet的名称，行数，列数
 print (sheet.name,sheet.nrows,sheet.ncols)
 # 获取整行和整列的值（数组）
 rows = sheet.row_values(1) # 获取第2行内容
 # cols = sheet.col_values(2) # 获取第3列内容
 print (rows)
 # print (cols)
 for rown in range(sheet.nrows):
  array = {'L1':'','L2':'','L3':'','L4':'','Question':'','Answer':''}
  array['L1'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,0)
  array['L2'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,1)
  array['L3'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,2)
  array['L4'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,3)
  array['Question'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,4)
  array['Answer'] = sheet.cell_value(rown,5)
  tables.append(array)
 print (len(tables))
 #print (tables)
 #print (tables[5])
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 读取Excel
 read_excel();
 print ('读取成功')

# 1. 导入模块
import xlwt
def write_excel():
# 2. 创建Excel工作薄
myWorkbook = xlwt.Workbook()
# 3. 添加Excel工作表
mySheet = myWorkbook.add_sheet('A Test Sheet')
# 4. 写入数据
myStyle = xlwt.easyxf('font: name Times New Roman, color-index red, bold on', num_format_str='#,##0.00') #数据格式
mySheet.write(i, j, 1234.56, myStyle)
mySheet.write(2, 0, 1)       #写入A3，数值等于1
mySheet.write(2, 1, 1)       #写入B3，数值等于1
mySheet.write(2, 2, xlwt.Formula("A3+B3"))  #写入C3，数值等于2（A3+B3）
#5. 保存
myWorkbook.save('excelFile.xls')
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 写入Excel
 write_excel();
 print ('写入成功') 

import openpyxl

f = openpyxl.Workbook() #创建工作簿

sheet1 = f.create_sheet()

 for jkey in range(len(newTables)):
 jk = 1
 for cT in range(arrayNum):
  jk = jkey + 1
  if cT == 0:
  sheet1.cell(row=jk,column=cT+1).value='1'
  else:
  sheet1.cell(row=jk,column=cT+1).value='2'

f.save("chatPy.xlsx") #保存文件

import openpyxl
#写excel
def write_excel():
 f = openpyxl.Workbook() #创建工作簿
 sheet1 = f.create_sheet()
 #sheet1 = f.add_sheet(u'sheet1',cell_overwrite_ok=True) #创建sheet
 row0 = [u'L1',u'L2',u'L3',u'L4',u'问题',u'答案']
 #生成第一行
 #for i in range(len(row0)):
 # sheet1.cell(column=i,row=0).value='L1')
 #生成后续
 for jkey in range(len(newTables)): 
  jk = 1
  for cT in range(arrayNum):
   jk = jkey + 1
   if cT == 0:
   sheet1.cell(row=jk,column=cT+1).value='1'
   else:
   sheet1.cell(row=jk,column=cT+1).value='2'
   
 f.save("chatPy.xlsx") #保存文件
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 写入Excel
 write_excel();
 print ('写入成功')

import xlsxwriter

workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('demo1.xlsx')#创建一个excel文件

worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet(u'sheet1')#在文件中创建一个名为TEST的sheet,不加名字默认为sheet1

worksheet.write(3,0,35.5)#第4行的第1列设置值为35.5

workbook.close()

import xlsxwriter
#写excel
def write_excel(): 
 workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('chat.xlsx')#创建一个excel文件
 worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet(u'sheet1')#在文件中创建一个名为TEST的sheet,不加名字默认为sheet1
 
 worksheet.set_column('A:A',20)#设置第一列宽度为20像素
 bold= workbook.add_format({'bold':True})#设置一个加粗的格式对象
 
 worksheet.write('A1','HELLO')#在A1单元格写上HELLO
 worksheet.write('A2','WORLD',bold)#在A2上写上WORLD,并且设置为加粗
 worksheet.write('B2',U'中文测试',bold)#在B2上写上中文加粗
 
 worksheet.write(2,0,32)#使用行列的方式写上数字32,35,5
 worksheet.write(3,0,35.5)#使用行列的时候第一行起始为0,所以2,0代表着第三行的第一列,等价于A4
 worksheet.write(4,0,'=SUM(A3:A4)')#写上excel公式
 workbook.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
 # 写入Excel
 write_excel();
 print ('写入成功')