小编这次要给大家分享的是详解SpringMVC下如何实现Excel文件上传下载，文章内容丰富，感兴趣的小伙伴可以来了解一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后能够有所收获。
在实际应用中，经常会遇到上传Excel或者下载Excel的情况，比如导入数据、下载统计数据等等场景。针对这个问题，我写了个基于SpringMVC的简单上传下载示例，其中Excel的处理使用Apache的POI组件。
主要依赖的包如下：
<dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.0.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.10.1</version> </dependency>
相关处理类：
（一）Controller类
package com.research.spring.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo;
import com.research.spring.view.ExcelView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {
/**
* Excel文件上传处理
* @param file
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public ModelAndView uploadExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file){
List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
//这里只处理文件名包括“用户”的文件，模板使用下载模板
if( file.getOriginalFilename().contains("用户") ){
try {
Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(file.getInputStream());
Sheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
for( int i = 1; i <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); i++ ){
Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
UserInfo info = new UserInfo();
info.setUserName(row.getCell(0).getStringCellValue());
info.setPassword(row.getCell(1).getStringCellValue());
list.add(info);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("content");
mav.addObject("content",list.toString());
return mav;
}
/**
* Excel文件下载处理
*/
@RequestMapping("/download")
public ModelAndView downloanExcel(){
List<UserInfo> list = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setPassword("0000");
userInfo.setUserName("sdfas");
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
list.add(userInfo);
Map<String,List<UserInfo>> map = new HashMap<String, List<UserInfo>>();
map.put("infoList", list);
ExcelView ve = new ExcelView();
return new ModelAndView(ve,map);
}
}
（二）实体类
package com.research.spring.model;
public class UserInfo {
private String userName;
private String password;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserInfo [userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password
+ "]";
}
}
（三）View类
这个类在下载时用到，在Spring渲染页面时使用自定义的View类进行Excel的相关处理。
package com.research.spring.view;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView;
import com.research.spring.model.UserInfo;
/**
* 下载Excel视图
*
* @author wdmcygah
*
*/
public class ExcelView extends AbstractExcelView {
@Override
protected void buildExcelDocument(Map<String, Object> model,
HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<UserInfo> list = (List<UserInfo>) model.get("infoList");
if (list != null && list.size() != 0) {
int len = list.size();
Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
// 第一行文字说明
Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
Cell cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("用户名");
cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue("密码");
//下面是具体内容
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
cell = row.createCell(0, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getUserName());
cell = row.createCell(1, Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(list.get(i).getPassword());
}
}
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//这里对文件名进行编码，保证下载时汉字显示正常
String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("用户.xls", "utf-8");
//Content-disposition属性设置成以附件方式进行下载
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename="
+ fileName);
OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
workbook.write(os);
os.flush();
os.close();
}
}
（四）主要配置文件
上传文件时需要在配置文件中配置MultipartResolver类，配置后Spring会自动将文件传成MultipartFile对象，然后就可以进行相应的处理。示例看Controller类。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.research" /> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <!-- 上传文件解析器配置 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property> <!-- 上传文件的大小限制 ，单位是字节--> <property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880000000"></property> <!-- 上传文件的临时路径，上传完成后会自动删除 --> <property name="uploadTempDir" value="upload/temp"></property> </bean> </beans>
（五）测试页面
<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> </head> <body> <h4>测试下载Excel功能</h4> <form action="file/download.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type="submit" value="下载Excel"></input> </form> <h4>测试上传Excel功能</h4> <form action="file/upload.htm" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post"> <input type="file" name="file"></input> <input type="submit" value="上传Excel"></input> </form> </body> </html>
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