如何在spring boot中使用spring-kafka实现一个接收消息功能

发布时间：2020-11-25 15:55:07 阅读：721 作者：Leah 栏目：编程语言

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本篇文章为大家展示了如何在spring boot中使用spring-kafka实现一个接收消息功能，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。

实现方法

pom.xml文件如下

<&#63;xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"&#63;>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
 <groupId>org.linuxsogood.sync</groupId>
 <artifactId>linuxsogood-sync</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 
 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
 </parent>
 
 <properties>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
  <!-- 依赖版本 -->
  <mybatis.version>3.3.1</mybatis.version>
  <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.4</mybatis.spring.version>
  <mapper.version>3.3.6</mapper.version>
  <pagehelper.version>4.1.1</pagehelper.version>
 </properties>
 
 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!--<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
   <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-integration-kafka</artifactId>
   <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
   <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-integration-core</artifactId>
   <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
   <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>-->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
   <version>1.1.0.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
   <version>1.1.0.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>-->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>junit</groupId>
   <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
   <version>4.12</version>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
   <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
   <version>3.5.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
   <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
   <version>1.3</version>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
   <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
   <version>1.9.5</version>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
   <version>4.2.3.RELEASE</version>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
   <artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
   <version>4.0.0</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
   <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
   <version>1.0.11</version>
  </dependency>
 
  <!--Mybatis-->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
   <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
   <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
   <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
   <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--<dependency>
   <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
   <version>1.1.1</version>
  </dependency>-->
  <!-- Mybatis Generator -->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
   <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
   <version>1.3.2</version>
   <scope>compile</scope>
   <optional>true</optional>
  </dependency>
  <!--分页插件-->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
   <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
   <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--通用Mapper-->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
   <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
   <version>${mapper.version}</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
   <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
   <version>1.2.17</version>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>
 <repositories>
  <repository>
   <id>repo.spring.io.milestone</id>
   <name>Spring Framework Maven Milestone Repository</name>
   <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url>
  </repository>
 </repositories>
 <build>
  <finalName>mybatis_generator</finalName>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.2</version>
    <configuration>
     <verbose>true</verbose>
     <overwrite>true</overwrite>
    </configuration>
   </plugin>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
     <mainClass>org.linuxsogood.sync.Starter</mainClass>
    </configuration>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
</project>

orm层使用了MyBatis,又使用了通用Mapper和分页插件.

kafka消费端配置

import org.linuxsogood.sync.listener.Listener;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.KafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class KafkaConsumerConfig {
 
 @Value("${kafka.broker.address}")
 private String brokerAddress;
 
 @Bean
 KafkaListenerContainerFactory<ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<String, String>> kafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
 ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
 factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
 factory.setConcurrency(3);
 factory.getContainerProperties().setPollTimeout(3000);
 return factory;
 }
 
 @Bean
 public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory() {
 return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
 }
 
 @Bean
 public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() {
 Map<String, Object> propsMap = new HashMap<>();
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, this.brokerAddress);
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, false);
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_COMMIT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG, "100");
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.SESSION_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG, "15000");
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "firehome-group");
 propsMap.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "earliest");
 return propsMap;
 }
 
 @Bean
 public Listener listener() {
 return new Listener();
 }
}

生产者的配置.

import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaProducerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ProducerFactory;
 
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
 
@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class KafkaProducerConfig {
 
 @Value("${kafka.broker.address}")
 private String brokerAddress;
 
 @Bean
 public ProducerFactory<String, String> producerFactory() {
 return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
 }
 
 @Bean
 public Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
 Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
 props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, this.brokerAddress);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 0);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.BATCH_SIZE_CONFIG, 16384);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.LINGER_MS_CONFIG, 1);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.BUFFER_MEMORY_CONFIG, 33554432);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
 props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
 return props;
 }
 
 @Bean
 public KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate() {
 return new KafkaTemplate<String, String>(producerFactory());
 }
}

监听,监听里面,写的就是业务逻辑了,从kafka里面得到数据后,具体怎么去处理. 如果需要开启kafka处理消息的广播模式,多个监听要监听不同的group,即方法上的注解@KafkaListener里的group一定要不一样.如果多个监听里的group写的一样,就会造成只有一个监听能处理其中的消息,另外监听就不能处理消息了.也即是kafka的分布式消息处理方式.

在同一个group里的监听,共同处理接收到的消息,会根据一定的算法来处理.如果不在一个组,但是监听的是同一个topic的话,就会形成广播模式

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.linuxsogood.qilian.enums.CupMessageType;
import org.linuxsogood.qilian.kafka.MessageWrapper;
import org.linuxsogood.qilian.model.store.Store;
import org.linuxsogood.sync.mapper.StoreMapper;
import org.linuxsogood.sync.model.StoreExample;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

public class Listener {

 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Listener.class);

 @Autowired
 private StoreMapper storeMapper;

 /**
  * 监听kafka消息,如果有消息则消费,同步数据到新烽火的库
  * @param record 消息实体bean
  */
 @KafkaListener(topics = "linuxsogood-topic", group = "sync-group")
 public void listen(ConsumerRecord<&#63;, &#63;> record) {
  Optional<&#63;> kafkaMessage = Optional.ofNullable(record.value());
  if (kafkaMessage.isPresent()) {
   Object message = kafkaMessage.get();
   try {
    MessageWrapper messageWrapper = JSON.parseObject(message.toString(), MessageWrapper.class);
    CupMessageType type = messageWrapper.getType();
    //判断消息的数据类型,不同的数据入不同的表
    if (CupMessageType.STORE == type) {
     proceedStore(messageWrapper);
    }
   } catch (Exception e) {
    LOGGER.error("将接收到的消息保存到数据库时异常, 消息:{}, 异常:{}",message.toString(),e);
   }
  }
 }

 /**
  * 消息是店铺类型,店铺消息处理入库
  * @param messageWrapper 从kafka中得到的消息
  */
 private void proceedStore(MessageWrapper messageWrapper) {
  Object data = messageWrapper.getData();
  Store cupStore = JSON.parseObject(data.toString(), Store.class);
  StoreExample storeExample = new StoreExample();
  String storeName = StringUtils.isBlank(cupStore.getStoreOldName()) &#63; cupStore.getStoreName() : cupStore.getStoreOldName();
  storeExample.createCriteria().andStoreNameEqualTo(storeName);
  List<org.linuxsogood.sync.model.Store> stores = storeMapper.selectByExample(storeExample);
  org.linuxsogood.sync.model.Store convertStore = new org.linuxsogood.sync.model.Store();
  org.linuxsogood.sync.model.Store store = convertStore.convert(cupStore);
  //如果查询不到记录则新增
  if (stores.size() == 0) {
   storeMapper.insert(store);
  } else {
   store.setStoreId(stores.get(0).getStoreId());
   storeMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(store);
  }
 }

}

上述内容就是如何在spring boot中使用spring-kafka实现一个接收消息功能，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道。

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