常见的library cache lock产生的原因是什么

常见的library cache lock产生的原因是什么，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。

常见的library cache lock产生的原因

Troubleshooting Library Cache: Lock, Pin and Load Lock (Doc ID 444560.1) 

一般可以理解的是alter table或者alter package/procedure会以X模式持有library cache lock，造成阻塞。
但是常见的问题还有以下几种原因：

1)错误的用户名密码：

一般需要通过ASH或者SSD/hang analyze去获取p3进行namespace分析。

             1.       event: 'library cache lock'
                time waited: 43 min 12 sec
                    wait id: 9               p1: 'handle address'=0x7000003117dfca0
                                             p2: 'lock address'=0x700000310866c80
                                             p3: '100*mode+namespace'=0x4f0003
             * time between wait #1 and #2: 0.000164 sec

<=================p3: '100*mode+namespace'=0x4f0003 

mode=3
namespace=4f

HEX: 4f =>DEC: 79

select * FROM V$DB_OBJECT_CACHE;

SQL> select distinct KGLHDNSP,KGLHDNSD from x$kglob;

  KGLHDNSP KGLHDNSD
---------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
         0 SQL AREA
         4 INDEX
         1 TABLE/PROCEDURE
         3 TRIGGER
        52 SCHEDULER EARLIEST START TIME
        64 EDITION
        69 DBLINK
         2 BODY
        10 QUEUE
        79 ACCOUNT_STATUS
        23 RULESET
        24 RESOURCE MANAGER
        73 SCHEMA
        74 DBINSTANCE
        51 SCHEDULER GLOBAL ATTRIBUTE
        38 RULE EVALUATION CONTEXT
        82 SQL AREA BUILD
        75 SQL AREA STATS
         5 CLUSTER
        18 PUB SUB INTERNAL INFORMATION

<======79 ACCOUNT_STATUS

ACCOUNT_STATUS说明library cache lock是在account上，可能是用错误的用户名密码登录，或者是当时正有人alter user(这种几率极低）。

可以通过以下SQL去确认错误的用户名密码登录：
select username,
os_username,
userhost,
client_id,
trunc(timestamp),
count(*) failed_logins
from dba_audit_trail
where returncode=1017 and --1017 is invalid username/password
timestamp < sysdate -7
group by username,os_username,userhost, client_id,trunc(timestamp); 

Or run following sql:
SELECT "USERNAME", "OS_USERNAME", "USERHOST", "EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP",returncode  FROM "SYS"."DBA_AUDIT_SESSION" WHERE returncode != 0;

当然必须确保audit 打开，并且有audit CREATE SESSION动作

To turn on audit:
Alter system set audit_trail=DB scope=spfile;
restart DB

audit CREATE SESSION;
audit ALTER USER;

检查：
show parameter audit_trail
select * from DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS;

2)正在执行搜集统计信息，这是大家往往会忽略的，一般会看last_ddl_time，却忽略了last_analyzed，
检查脚本如下：

比如EMP是遇到library cache lock中的表名：
select owner,object_name,object_type,to_char(last_ddl_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss') from dba_objects where object_name='EMP';

select table_name,to_char(last_analyzed,'yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss') from dba_tables where table_name='EMP';

也需要检查所有dependency的对象，因为oracle对象是相互关联的，一个对象失效会导致一串失效。
select owner,object_name,object_type,to_char(last_ddl_time,'yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss') ddl_time from dba_objects where object_name in
(
select p.name
from sys.obj$ d, sys.dependency$ dep, sys.obj$ p
where d.obj# = dep.d_obj# and p.obj# = dep.p_obj#
start with d.name='EMP'
connect by prior dep.p_obj#=dep.d_obj#)
order by ddl_time desc;

select table_name,to_char(last_analyzed,'yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss') from dba_tables where table_name in
(
select p.name
from sys.obj$ d, sys.dependency$ dep, sys.obj$ p
where d.obj# = dep.d_obj# and p.obj# = dep.p_obj#
start with d.name='EMP'
connect by prior dep.p_obj#=dep.d_obj#)
order by last_analyzed desc;

比较典型的一个用户实例：
select to_char(last_analyzed,'yyyy-mm-dd hh34:mi:ss') from dba_tables where table_name='XXXXX';
--2014-11-25 16:52:50
<=============gathering statistics in the issue time 

2014-11-25 16:52:52 16620 c34q5c8gf6kum library cache lock
2014-11-25 16:52:52 16643 c34q5c8gf6kum library cache lock
<======The issue starts from 16:52:52 while statistics was gathered at 16:52:50

3)错误的语句解析（failed parse）
这是通常很难注意到的一个问题，因为被解析的语句往往在AWR中找不到（因为没有通过parse），要注意查看AWR中的“failed parse elapsed time”

Event Waits Time(s) Avg wait (ms) % DB time Wait Class
library cache lock 6,714,208 363,093 54 67.14 Concurrency
library cache: mutex X 11,977,886 99,050 8 18.31 Concurrency
DB CPU   38,971   7.21  
db file sequential read 350,069 2,465 7 0.46 User I/O
log file sync 217,673 1,969 9 0.36 Commit


Statistic Name Time (s) % of DB Time
sql execute elapsed time 537,418.09 99.37
parse time elapsed 467,101.99 86.37
failed parse elapsed time 460,663.79 85.18 <===============failed parse elapsed time was high. That means the issue was caused by parse failed. 

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