小编给大家分享一下ASP.NET MVC如何使用EPPlus导出数据到Excel中，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！
正文
上面是我们的项目。
首先我们需要引入：EPPlus。
我这里已经引入了。
当我们在程序中使用ORM的时候，我们通常将数据保存在集合中。集合中的数据不能直接导出到Excel文件中。这也就是我们为啥，需要先将List转DataTable的原因。
图1 ：导出Excel的步骤
为了完成这篇文章：我们需要四个步骤：
1.数据：这里我使用静态数据，来确保这篇文章尽可能通俗易懂。
2.集合：静态数据保存在集合中
3.DataTable：转化泛型集合的数据，保存到DataTable中
4.导出文件：DataTable导出为Excel
首先，我们创建一个类：
计算
安全
数据库
网络和加速
企业服务
public class Student
{
public int ID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Sex { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public string Email { get; set; }
}
Student然后创建一个静态数据类：
public class StaticDataOfStudent
{
public static List<Student> ListStudent
{
get
{
return new List<Student>()
{
new Student(){ID=1,Name="曹操",Sex="男",Email="caocao@163.com",Age=24},
new Student(){ID=2,Name="李易峰",Sex="女",Email="lilingjie@sina.com.cn",Age=24},
new Student(){ID=3,Name="张三丰",Sex="男",Email="zhangsanfeng@qq.com",Age=224},
new Student(){ID=4,Name="孙权",Sex="男",Email="sunquan@163.com",Age=1224},
};
}
}
}
StaticDataOfStudent然后就是我们的导出Excel帮助类了：
/// <summary>
/// Excel导出帮助类
/// </summary>
public class ExcelExportHelper
{
public static string ExcelContentType
{
get
{
return "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// List转DataTable
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="data"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)
{
PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));
DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();
for (int i = 0; i < properties.Count; i++)
{
PropertyDescriptor property = properties[i];
dataTable.Columns.Add(property.Name, Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType);
}
object[] values = new object[properties.Count];
foreach (T item in data)
{
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
values[i] = properties[i].GetValue(item);
}
dataTable.Rows.Add(values);
}
return dataTable;
}
/// <summary>
/// 导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dataTable">数据源</param>
/// <param name="heading">工作簿Worksheet</param>
/// <param name="showSrNo">//是否显示行编号</param>
/// <param name="columnsToTake">要导出的列</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] ExportExcel(DataTable dataTable, string heading = "", bool showSrNo = false, params string[] columnsToTake)
{
byte[] result = null;
using(ExcelPackage package=new ExcelPackage())
{
ExcelWorksheet workSheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(string.Format("{0}Data", heading));
int startRowFrom = string.IsNullOrEmpty(heading) ? 1 : 3; //开始的行
//是否显示行编号
if (showSrNo)
{
DataColumn dataColumn = dataTable.Columns.Add("#", typeof(int));
dataColumn.SetOrdinal(0);
int index = 1;
foreach (DataRow item in dataTable.Rows)
{
item[0] = index;
index++;
}
}
//Add Content Into the Excel File
workSheet.Cells["A" + startRowFrom].LoadFromDataTable(dataTable, true);
// autofit width of cells with small content
int columnIndex = 1;
foreach (DataColumn item in dataTable.Columns)
{
ExcelRange columnCells = workSheet.Cells[workSheet.Dimension.Start.Row, columnIndex, workSheet.Dimension.End.Row, columnIndex];
int maxLength = columnCells.Max(cell => cell.Value.ToString().Count());
if (maxLength < 150)
{
workSheet.Column(columnIndex).AutoFit();
}
columnIndex++;
}
// format header - bold, yellow on black
using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom, 1, startRowFrom, dataTable.Columns.Count])
{
r.Style.Font.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.White);
r.Style.Font.Bold = true;
r.Style.Fill.PatternType = OfficeOpenXml.Style.ExcelFillStyle.Solid;
r.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor.SetColor(System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml("#1fb5ad"));
}
// format cells - add borders
using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom + 1, 1, startRowFrom + dataTable.Rows.Count, dataTable.Columns.Count])
{
r.Style.Border.Top.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
r.Style.Border.Bottom.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
r.Style.Border.Left.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
r.Style.Border.Right.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;
r.Style.Border.Top.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
r.Style.Border.Bottom.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
r.Style.Border.Left.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
r.Style.Border.Right.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);
}
// removed ignored columns
for (int i = dataTable.Columns.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if (i == 0 && showSrNo)
{
continue;
}
if (!columnsToTake.Contains(dataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName))
{
workSheet.DeleteColumn(i + 1);
}
}
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(heading))
{
workSheet.Cells["A1"].Value = heading;
workSheet.Cells["A1"].Style.Font.Size = 20;
workSheet.InsertColumn(1, 1);
workSheet.InsertRow(1, 1);
workSheet.Column(1).Width = 5;
}
result = package.GetAsByteArray();
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 导出Excel
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="data"></param>
/// <param name="heading"></param>
/// <param name="isShowSlNo"></param>
/// <param name="ColumnsToTake"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static byte[] ExportExcel<T>(List<T> data, string heading = "", bool isShowSlNo = false, params string[] ColumnsToTake)
{
return ExportExcel(ListToDataTable<T>(data), heading, isShowSlNo, ColumnsToTake);
}
}到此为止，后端服务器的代码，基本搞完，现在开始设计我们的前端代码：
我们创建一个ViewModel，用来显示数据：
public class StudentViewModel
{
public List<Student> ListStudent
{
get
{
return StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;
}
}
}然后创建一个控制器：
public class HomeController : Controller
{
// GET: Home
public ActionResult Index()
{
StudentViewModel model = new StudentViewModel();
return View(model);
}
public FileContentResult ExportToExcel()
{
List<Student> lstStudent = StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;
string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};
byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);
return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");
}
}我们的视图代码：
@model ExportToExcel.Models.StudentViewModel
@{
ViewBag.Title = "Excel文件导出";
}
<div class="panel">
<div class="panel-heading">
<a href="@Url.Action("ExportToExcel")" class="btn btn-primary">Export</a>
</div>
<div class="panel-body">
<table class="table table-striped table-bordered">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Sex</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Email</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach (var item in Model.ListStudent)
{
<tr>
<td>@item.ID</td>
<td>@item.Name</td>
<td>@item.Sex</td>
<td>@item.Age</td>
<td>@item.Email</td>
</tr>
}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>效果图：
点击Export之后，就导出了Excel文件到浏览器中：打开之后。
总结：这个导出帮助类，可以定制导出那些列。
string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};
byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);
return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");这里我只是导出这三列。
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