本篇文章为大家展示了Kubernetes模拟生产环境搭建高可用集群中的Master节点高可用方案是怎样的,内容简明扼要并且容易理解,绝对能使你眼前一亮,通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
注意:本高可用方案不仅适用于本文的K8S主控节点的高可用,还适用于任何需要高可用的业务场景,haproxy可改用nginx或其他负载均衡器实现
大家都知道在生产环境部署服务一定要坚持一条:不允许出现单点故障。我们在测试环境部署k8s的架构一般是单主控Master节点多个工作Node节点,生产上部署K8S集群要避免主控节点宕机,我们需要对主控节点进行高可用部署。
生产环境对主控节点的高可用的解决方案:对主控节点部署多台(3台以上),然后多部署多台(一般2台以上)负载均衡器(一般选用Nginx或者Haproxy)来对主控节点的api-server服务进行负载以防止单点故障。下面将详细说明怎么对主控节点的api-server服务高可用,主要讲负载均衡器配置值部署这一块,集群的详细搭建在后面的文章中。
主工作节点:192.168.100.107
从工作节点:192.168.100.108
虚拟IP :192.168.100.110
一、环境说明
系统环境:CentOS7.7
Keepalived版本:2.0.19
Haproxy版本:2.0.8
二、安装配置Keepalived服务
1.下载Keepalived源码包
官网地址:https://www.keepalived.org/
下载地址:https://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.0.19.tar.gz
2.上传并解压Keepalived源码包
tar -zxvf keepalived-2.0.19.tar.gz
3.编译Keepalived准备
进入解压目录:cd keepalived-2.0.19
执行编译准备:./configure --prefix=/work/keepalived
注意:一定要有gcc和openssl编译相关的依赖
4.编译安装Keepalived
make && make install
5.安装配置Keepalived
keepalived启动时会从/etc/keepalived/中相关的目录下查找keepalived.conf配置文件,因此将keepalived安装目录/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived.conf 拷贝到/etc/keepalived/中。
mkdir /etc/keepalived/
cp /work/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
cp /work/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
6.设置Keepalived开机启动项
systemctl enable keepalived
然后就能使用systemctl start/stop/status keepalived管理keepalived了
7.配置Keepalived服务
107机器的配置信息:
vrrp_script check_haproxy { interval 3 script "/work/script/check_haproxy.sh" } vrrp_instance kube_master{ state master interface ens33 virtual_router_id 110 priority 100 advert_int 3 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass kube_master_password } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.100.110 } track_script { check_haproxy } }
108机器的配置信息:
vrrp_script check_haproxy { interval 3 script "/work/script/check_haproxy.sh" } vrrp_instance kube_master{ state backup interface ens33 virtual_router_id 110 priority 90 advert_int 3 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass kube_master_password } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.100.110 } track_script { check_haproxy } }
8.编写haproxy服务检测脚本
vi /work/script/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash active_status=`netstat -lntp|grep haproxy|wc -l` if [ $active_status -gt 0 ]; then exit 0 else exit 1 fi
然后给脚本赋予执行权限:chmod +x /work/script/check_haproxy.sh
三、Haproxy安装部署
1.下载Haproxy源码包
官网地址:https://www.haproxy.org/
下载地址:https://www.haproxy.org/download/2.0/src/haproxy-2.0.8.tar.gz
2.上传并解压Haproxy源码包
tar -zxvf haproxy-2.0.8.tar.gz
3.编译Haproxy
需要的依赖库:openssl openssl-devel systemd-deve pcre zlib
make TARGET=linux-glibc USE_OPENSSL=1 USE_SYSTEMD=1 USE_PCRE=1 USE_ZLIB=1 USE_CRYPT_H=1 USE_LIBCRYPT=1
定内核版本:
开启https模式:USE_OPENSSL=1
指定systemd模式:USE_SYSTEMD=1
支持pcre库:USE_PCRE=1
支持zlib库:USE_ZLIB=1
支持crypt_h库:USE_CRYPT_H=1
支持libcrypt库:USE_LIBCRYPT=1
4.安装haproxy
make install PREFIX=/work/haproxy
指定安装目录:PREFIX=/work/haproxy
5.注册到系统服务
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
[Unit] Description=HAProxy Load Balancer After=syslog.target network.target [Service] ExecStartPre=/work/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -c -q ExecStart=/work/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /var/run/haproxy.pid ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
6.编写Haproxy配置文件
vi /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global log 127.0.0.1 local0 chroot /var/lib/haproxy pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid maxconn 4000 user root group root stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats daemon listen admin_stats stats enable bind *:8080 mode http option httplog log global maxconn 10 stats refresh 30s stats uri /admin stats realm haproxy stats auth admin:admin stats hide-version stats admin if TRUE listen kube_cluster_api_server log global bind 192.168.100.110:6443 mode tcp option tcplog timeout http-request 10s timeout queue 1m timeout connect 10s timeout client 1m timeout server 1m timeout http-keep-alive 10s timeout check 10s maxconn 3000 balance roundrobin server kube_cluster_master01 192.168.100.111:6443 check inter 5000 rise 2 fall 3 server kube_cluster_master02 192.168.100.112:6443 check inter 5000 rise 2 fall 3 server kube_cluster_master03 192.168.100.113:6443 check inter 5000 rise 2 fall 3
7.创建所需目录
创建/var/lib/haproxy/stats文件
mkdir -p /var/lib/haproxy
touch /var/lib/haproxy/stats
8.修改内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
增加如下内容:
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1 #启动haproxy的时候,允许忽视VIP的存在 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 #允许转发
执行sysctl -p 保存结果,使结果生效
如果没有配置以上内核参数,那么haproxy在启动的会报出cannot bind socket的错误
9.开放监控页面端口
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
四、安装验证
两台机器上都完成了如上的安装配置后
1.分别启动Keepalived服务
systemctl start keepalived
2.分别启动Haproxy服务
systemctl start haproxy
分别登陆两台机器查看haproxy服务监控页面:
分别查看两台机器的keepalived服务是否正常
分别停止两台机器keepalived服务查看VIP分配的情况:
五、常见问题
1.configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH See `config.log' for more details.
解决方法:安装gcc库
2.OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!! !!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.
解决方法:安装openssl openssl-devel
3. WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.
解决方法:安装libnl libnl-devel
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