今天小编给大家分享一下怎么使用C++代码实现学生信息管理系统的相关知识点，内容详细，逻辑清晰，相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识，所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获，下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
编译环境：
Microsoft Visual Studio 2019
Fileoperate.h
Interface.h
Student.h
Fileoperate.cpp
Interface.cpp
Main.cpp
Student.cpp
Fileoperate.h
#ifndef STUDENT_H
#define STUDENT_H
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<windows.h> //调用API
using namespace std;
class Student
{
private:
int No; //序号
string Num; //学号
string Name; //姓名
string Birthday; //出生日期
string Sex; //性别
string Political_appearance; //政治面貌
string Phone_number; //手机号码
string Address; //家庭地址
public:
void SetNo(int i) { No = i;} //设置学号
void Setinformation(string,string,string,string,string,string,string); // 修改函数
void SetNum(); //修改学号
void SetName() {cin>>Name;} //修改姓名
void SetBirthday(); //修改生日
void SetSex() {cin>>Sex;} //修改性别
void SetPolitical_appearance() {cin>>Political_appearance;} //修改政治面貌
void SetPhone_number(); //修改电话号码
void SetAddress() {cin>>Address ;} //修改家庭地址
void Numshow(int,int); //学号高亮显示
void Addressshow(int,int); //家庭地址高亮显示
void Show(); //普通显示
string GetNum() { return Num;} //获取学号
string GetName() { return Name;} //获取姓名
string GetBirthday(){ return Birthday;} //获取生日
string GetSex() { return Sex;} //获取性别
string GetPolitical_appearance() { return Political_appearance;}//获取政治面貌
string GetPhone_number() { return Phone_number;} //获取电话号码
string GetAddress() { return Address;} //获取家庭地址
};Interface.h
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h> //Sleep函数,system
using namespace std;
class Interface
{
public:
void Startface(); //启动界面
void Loadface(); //主界面
void Subloadface(); //子界面
void Subloadface2(); //子界面2
char Inputcharface(); //提示导入文件界面
int Operateface(); //操作输入界面
int Operateface2(); //操作输入界面2
int Addface(); //增加信息界面
int Delface(); //删除信息界面
int Setface(); //修改信息界面
int Searchface(); //搜索信息界面
void Search_afterface(); //搜索后信息显示界面
void Mark(); //标签
};Student.h
#ifndef STUDENT_H
#define STUDENT_H
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<windows.h> //调用API
using namespace std;
class Student
{
private:
int No; //序号
string Num; //学号
string Name; //姓名
string Birthday; //出生日期
string Sex; //性别
string Political_appearance; //政治面貌
string Phone_number; //手机号码
string Address; //家庭地址
public:
void SetNo(int i) { No = i;} //设置学号
void Setinformation(string,string,string,string,string,string,string); // 修改函数
void SetNum(); //修改学号
void SetName() {cin>>Name;} //修改姓名
void SetBirthday(); //修改生日
void SetSex() {cin>>Sex;} //修改性别
void SetPolitical_appearance() {cin>>Political_appearance;} //修改政治面貌
void SetPhone_number(); //修改电话号码
void SetAddress() {cin>>Address ;} //修改家庭地址
void Numshow(int,int); //学号高亮显示
void Addressshow(int,int); //家庭地址高亮显示
void Show(); //普通显示
string GetNum() { return Num;} //获取学号
string GetName() { return Name;} //获取姓名
string GetBirthday(){ return Birthday;} //获取生日
string GetSex() { return Sex;} //获取性别
string GetPolitical_appearance() { return Political_appearance;}//获取政治面貌
string GetPhone_number() { return Phone_number;} //获取电话号码
string GetAddress() { return Address;} //获取家庭地址
};
#endif```cpp
Fileoperate.cpp
#include "Fileoperate.h"
int Fileoperate::Judge()
{
if( file.fail() )
{
return 0;
}
else
{
return 1;
}
}
void Fileoperate::open_in_file()
{
file.open(filename, ios::in);
if( !Judge() )
{
exit(1);
}
}
void Fileoperate::open_out_file()
{
file.open(filename, ios::out);
if( !Judge() )
{
exit(1);
}
}
int Fileoperate::Filecin()
{
string Num1; //学号
string Name1; //姓名
string Birthday1; //出生日期
string Sex1; //性别
string Political_appearance1; //政治面貌
string Phone_number1; //手机号码
string Address1; //家庭地址
if(file.eof()) //文件结束,返回0
{
return 0;
}
file>>Num1>>Name1>>Birthday1>>Sex1>>Political_appearance1>>Phone_number1>>Address1;
stu.Setinformation(Num1,Name1,Birthday1,Sex1,Political_appearance1,Phone_number1,Address1);
return 1;
}
int Fileoperate::Filecout(Student s)
{
file << s.GetNum() << endl
<< s.GetName() << endl
<< s.GetBirthday() << endl
<< s.GetSex() << endl
<< s.GetPolitical_appearance() << endl
<< s.GetPhone_number() << endl
<< s.GetAddress() <<endl<<endl;
return 1;
}
void Fileoperate::Closefile()
{
file.close();
}Interface.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include "Interface.h"
using namespace std;
void Interface::Startface()
{
cout<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl
<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl;
cout<<" 启动中...";
cout<<endl;
for(int i = 0;i<80;i++)
{
Sleep(8);
cout<<">";
}
system("cls");
}
void Interface::Loadface()
{
cout<<endl<<endl;
cout<<" 学 生 信 息 管 理 系 统 "<<endl<<endl;
cout<<" ##################################################################"<<endl;
cout<<" # #"<<endl;
cout<<" # 1.增加学生记录 # 2.删除学生记录 # 3.修改学生记录 #"<<endl;
cout<<" # 4.找查学生记录 # 5.显示学生记录 # 6.退出 #"<<endl;
cout<<" # #"<<endl;
cout<<" ##################################################################"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
void Interface::Subloadface2()
{
cout<<endl;
cout<<" =======================+++操 - 作 - 提 - 示+++===================="<<endl
<<" | 1.增加学生记录 | 6.退出 |"<<endl
<<" =================================================================="<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
void Interface::Subloadface()
{
cout<<endl<<endl;
cout<<" =======================+++操 - 作 - 提 - 示+++===================="<<endl
<<" | 1.增加学生记录 | 2.删除学生记录 | 3.修改学生记录 |"<<endl
<<" | 4.找查学生记录 | 5.显示学生记录 | 6.退出 |"<<endl
<<" =================================================================="<<endl;
cout<<endl;
}
char Interface::Inputcharface()
{
char op_char;
cout<<"需要导入文件吗?(Y/N):";
cin>>op_char;
return op_char;
}
int Interface::Operateface()
{
string op_num;
int flag,nflag = 0 ;
do
{
flag = 0;
if(nflag)
{
cout<<"超出范围..Again:";
cin>>op_num;
}
else
{
cout<<"输入你的操作:";
cin>>op_num;
}
if (op_num.length() != 1) { flag ++; nflag ++;}
if(op_num[0] >'6'||op_num[0]<'0') { flag ++; nflag ++;}
}while(flag);
return op_num[0]-'0';
}
int Interface::Operateface2()
{
string op_num;
int flag,nflag = 0 ;
do
{
flag = 0;
if(nflag)
{
cout<<"超出范围..Again:";
cin>>op_num;
}
else
{
cout<<"输入你的操作:";
cin>>op_num;
}
if (op_num.length() != 1) { flag ++; nflag ++;}
if(op_num[0] != '6'&&op_num[0] != '1') { flag ++; nflag ++;}
}while(flag);
return op_num[0]-'0';
}
int Interface::Addface()
{
int num;
cout<<"请输入要添加学生的人数(若退出,输入0):";
cin>>num;
return num;
}
int Interface::Delface()
{
int no;
cout<<"请输入注销学生的序号(若退出,输入0):";
cin>>no;
return no;
}
int Interface::Setface()
{
int no;
cout<<"输入要修改的学生序号(若退出,输入0):";
cin>>no;
if(no)
{
cout<<"输入你要改的学生的信息代号"<<endl
<<"(1.学号,2.姓名,3.出生日期,4.性别,5.政治面貌,6手机号码,7.家庭地址)"<<endl
<<"如果你要全部修改,则输入0..."<<endl;
cout<<"代码:";
}
return no;
}
int Interface::Searchface()
{
int no;
cout<<"输入搜索的类型"<<endl<<"1.学号,2.姓名,3.性别,4.政治面貌,5.家庭地址"<<endl;
cout<<"类型(若退出,输入0):";
cin>>no;
return no;
}
void Interface::Search_afterface() //搜索结果
{
int i;
cout<<endl;
for(i = 0;i<36;i++) cout<<"~";
cout<<"搜索结果";
for(i = 0;i<36;i++) cout<<"~";
}Student.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm> //sort函数
#include "Interface.h" //界面类
#include "Student.h" //学生类
#include "Fileoperate.h" //文本类
using namespace std;
const int student_num = 120 + 1; //人数上限
int No = 1; //序号
int Total = 0; //总人数
Interface face; //界面
Fileoperate Infile; //读入文件类对象
Fileoperate Outfile; //读出文件类对象
Student stu[student_num]; //学生类对象数组
int switchfun(int); //功能函数选择
void Allshow(); //显示所有学生信息
void Searchshow(int [],int,int,int,int); //显示搜索信息
void InFile(); //读入文件函数
void OutFile(); //读出文件函数
int main()
{
int op_num; //操作序数
char op_char; //选择数
char op_char2; //是否保存
face.Startface(); //启动界面
face.Loadface(); //登陆界面
int flag ,nflag = 0; //输入格式判断标记
do
{
flag = 0;
if(nflag) cout<<"超出范围...Again:"<<endl;
op_char = face.Inputcharface();
if(op_char !='Y'&&op_char !='y'&&op_char !='N'&&op_char !='n')
{
flag = 1;
nflag = 1;
}
}while(flag);
if (op_char == 'Y'||op_char =='y') //选择是,读入文件
{
InFile(); //读入文件
char Sub_op_char;
nflag = 0;
do
{
flag = 0;
cout<<"已成功导入, 要显示资料吗?(Y/N):";
cin>>Sub_op_char;
if(Sub_op_char !='Y'&&Sub_op_char !='y'&&Sub_op_char !='N'&&Sub_op_char !='n')
{
flag = 1;
}
}while(flag);
if (Sub_op_char == 'Y'||Sub_op_char =='y') //是否浏览已读入文件的信息
{
Allshow(); //显示所有信息
face.Subloadface();
}
else
{
if (Sub_op_char == 'N' || Sub_op_char == 'n')
cout<<endl;//不显示信息
}
}
else
{
if(op_char == 'N'||op_char =='n')
face.Subloadface2();
}
while(1) //程序执行过程
{
if(Total != 0) op_num = face.Operateface(); //获取操作数
else op_num = face.Operateface2(); //获取操作数
if(op_num == 6) break; //输入6,跳出
switchfun(op_num); //功能选择
if(Total != 0 ) face.Subloadface();
else
{
cout<<endl;
cout<<"学生数为零!";
face.Subloadface2();
}
}
cout<<"要保存数据吗?(Y/N):";
cin>>op_char2;
if(op_char2 == 'Y'||op_char2 == 'y')
{
cout<<endl<<"已保存!"<<endl;
OutFile(); //读出文件
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
int switchfun(int op_num)
{
int i;
int num; //添加界面操作数
string Num1; //学号
string Name1; //姓名
string Birthday1; //出生日期
string Sex1; //性别
string Political_appearance1; //政治面貌
string Phone_number1; //手机号码
string Address1;
if (op_num == 1)
{
num = face.Addface(); //获取添加界面操作数
if(num == 0) { cout<<"已退出,任意键继续..."; getchar(); getchar(); return 0;}
for(i = 0;i<num;i++)
{
cout<<"输入第"<<i+1<<"个学生信息:\n";
cout<<endl;
cout<<"学号:";
cin>>Num1;
cout<<"姓名:";
cin>>Name1;
cout<<"出生日期:";
cin>>Birthday1;
cout<<"性别:";
cin>>Sex1;
cout<<"政治面貌:";
cin>>Political_appearance1;
cout<<"手机号码:";
cin>>Phone_number1;
cout<<"家庭地址:";
cin>>Address1;
cout<<endl;
Total ++;
stu[Total-1].SetNo(Total); //设置序号
stu[Total-1].Setinformation(Num1,Name1,Birthday1,Sex1,Political_appearance1,
Phone_number1,Address1);
}
if(i == num) cout<<"添加完成!"<<endl;
}
else if(op_num == 2)
{
int no; //删除界面操作数
no = face.Delface(); //获取删除界面操作数
if(no == 0) { cout<<"已退出,任意键继续..."; getchar(); getchar(); return 0;}
for (i = no;i<Total;i++) { stu[i].SetNo(i);stu[i-1] = stu[i];}
cout<<endl<<"删除该学生信息成功!"<<endl;
cout<<"任意键继续...";
getchar();getchar();
Total --;
}
else if(op_num == 3)
{
int no;
char info[128];
int a[14];
int k = 0;
int flag = 0;
no = face.Setface(); //获取修改界面操作数
if(no == 0) { cout<<"已退出,按任意键继续..."; getchar(); getchar(); return 0;}
getchar();
gets_s(info);
int l = strlen(info);
i = 0;
while(i<l) //字符输入标准化
{
if(info[i]>='0'&&info[i]<='9') a[k++] = info[i]-'0';
if(a[k-1]==0) { flag = 1; break;}
i++;
}
sort(a,a+k); //排序
if(flag) //如果输入零,修改全部信息
{
cout<<"学号:";
cin>>Num1;
cout<<"姓名:";
cin>>Name1;
cout<<"出生日期:";
cin>>Birthday1;
cout<<"性别:";
cin>>Sex1;
cout<<"政治面貌:";
cin>>Political_appearance1;
cout<<"手机号码:";
cin>>Phone_number1;
cout<<"家庭地址:";
cin>>Address1;
cout<<endl;
stu[no-1].Setinformation(Num1,Name1,Birthday1,Sex1,Political_appearance1,Phone_number1,Address1);
}
else
{
for(i = 0;i<k;i++)
{
switch(a[i]) //修改部分信息
{
case 1:
{
cout<<"输入学号:";
stu[no-1].SetNum();
break;
}
case 2:
{
cout<<"输入姓名:";
stu[no-1].SetName();
break;
}
case 3:
{
cout<<"输入出生日期:";
stu[no-1].SetBirthday();
break;
}
case 4:
{
cout<<"输入性别:";
stu[no-1].SetSex();
break;
}
case 5:
{
cout<<"输入政治面貌:";
stu[no-1].SetPolitical_appearance();
break;
}
case 6:
{
cout<<"输入手机号码:";
stu[no-1].SetPhone_number();
break;
}
case 7:
{
cout<<"输入家庭地址:";
stu[no-1].SetAddress();
break;
}
}
}
}
cout<<endl<<endl<<"已完成, 修改后:"<<endl; //输出修改后信息
for(i= 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"-";
stu[no-1].Show();
for(i= 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"-"; cout<<endl;
cout<<"按任意键继续...";
getchar();getchar();
}
else if(op_num == 4)
{
int no;
int Begin,End; //开始,结束位置
int num = 0; //符合搜索条件的人数
string Ss; //临时对象
no = face.Searchface(); //获取搜索界面操作数
if(no == 0) { cout<<"已退出,按任意键继续..."; getchar(); getchar(); return 0;}
int flag = 0;
switch(no)
{
case 1: //按学号搜索
{
cout<<"输入关键字:";
cin>>Num1;
for( i = 0;i<Total;i++)
{
Ss = stu[i].GetNum();
Begin = Ss.find(Num1,0);
if(Begin != string::npos)
{
End = Num1.length() + Begin;
flag ++;
if(flag == 1) face.Search_afterface();
stu[i].Numshow(Begin,End);
num++;
}
}
if(!flag) cout<<"没此相关信息!"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<endl<<"共有"<<num<<"条相关信息!"<<endl;
num = 0;
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
}
break;
}
case 2: //按名字搜索
{
cout<<"输入关键字:";
cin>>Name1;
for( i = 0;i<Total;i++)
{
Ss = stu[i].GetName();
Begin = Ss.find(Name1,0);
if(Begin != string::npos)
{
flag ++;
if(flag == 1) face.Search_afterface();
stu[i].Show();
num++;
}
}
if(!flag) cout<<"没此相关信息!"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<endl<<"共有"<<num<<"条相关信息!"<<endl;
num = 0;
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
}
break;
}
case 3: //按性别搜索
{
cout<<"输入关键字:";
cin>>Sex1;
for( i = 0;i<Total;i++)
{
Ss = stu[i].GetSex();
Begin = Ss.find(Sex1,0);
if(Begin != string::npos)
{
flag ++;
if(flag == 1) face.Search_afterface();
stu[i].Show();
num++;
}
}
if(!flag) cout<<"没此相关信息!"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<endl<<"共有"<<num<<"条相关信息!"<<endl;
num = 0;
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
}
break;
}
case 4: //按政治面貌搜索
{
cout<<"输入关键字:";
cin>>Political_appearance1;
for( i = 0;i<Total;i++)
{
Ss = stu[i].GetPolitical_appearance();
Begin = Ss.find(Political_appearance1,0);
if(Begin != string::npos)
{
flag ++;
if(flag == 1) face.Search_afterface();
stu[i].Show();
num++;
}
}
if(!flag) cout<<"没此相关信息!"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<endl<<"共有"<<num<<"条相关信息!"<<endl;
num = 0;
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
}
break;
}
case 5: //按家庭地址搜索
{
cout<<"输入关键字:";
cin>>Address1;
for( i = 0;i<Total;i++)
{
Ss = stu[i].GetAddress();
Begin = Ss.find(Address1,0);
if(Begin != string::npos)
{
End = Address1.length() + Begin;
flag ++;
if(flag == 1) face.Search_afterface();
stu[i].Addressshow(Begin,End);
num++;
}
}
if(!flag) cout<<"没此相关信息!"<<endl;
else
{
cout<<endl<<"共有"<<num<<"条相关信息!"<<endl;
num = 0;
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
}
break;
}
}
cout<<"任意键继续..."; getchar();getchar();
}
else if(op_num == 5) //显示所有信息
{
Allshow();
}
return 1;
}
void Allshow()
{
int i;
cout<<endl;
for(i = 0;i<36;i++) cout<<"~";
cout<<"显示结果";
for(i = 0;i<36;i++) cout<<"~";
for(i = 0;i<Total;i++)
stu[i].Show();
for(i = 0;i<80;i++) cout<<"~";
cout<<"继续按任意键....";
getchar();getchar();
}
void InFile()
{
int i;
Infile.open_in_file();
int total = 0;
while(Infile.Filecin()) //把文件中的所有数据导入学生对象中
{
stu[total++] = Infile.Getstudent();
}
Total = total -1 ;
for (i = 0;i<Total;i++) stu[i].SetNo(i+1);
Infile.Closefile();
}
void OutFile()
{
int i;
Outfile.open_out_file();
for(i = 0; i < Total; i++) //把学生对象中的数据读入到文件中
{
Outfile.Filecout(stu[i]);
}
Outfile.Closefile();
}main.cpp
#include "Student.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void Student::Setinformation(string num,string name,string birthday,string sex,
string political_app,string phone_num,string address)
{
Num = num;
Name = name;
Birthday = birthday;
Sex = sex;
Political_appearance = political_app;
Phone_number = phone_num;
Address = address;
}
void Student::SetNum()
{
unsigned int i = 0;
int flag,nflag = 0;
string num;
do
{
flag = 0;
if (nflag) cout<<"格式错误..Again:";
cin>>num;
for(int i = 0;i<num.length();i++)
{
if(num[i] > '9'||num[i] < '0')
{
flag = 1;
nflag++;
break;
}
}
}while(flag);
if(!flag) Num = num;
}
void Student::SetBirthday()
{
unsigned int i = 0;
int flag,nflag = 0;
string birthday;
do
{
flag = 0;
if (nflag) cout<<"格式错误..Again:";
cin>>birthday;
for(int i = 0;i< birthday.length();i++)
{
if((birthday[i] > '9'||birthday[i] < '0')&&birthday[i]!='/')
{
flag = 1;
nflag++;
break;
}
}
}while(flag);
if(!flag) Birthday = birthday;
}
void Student::SetPhone_number()
{
int i = 0;
int flag,nflag = 0;
string phone_number;
do
{
flag = 0;
if (nflag) cout<<"格式错误..Again:";
cin>>phone_number;
for(int i = 0;i<phone_number.length();i++)
{
if(phone_number[i] > '9'||phone_number[i] < '0')
{
flag = 1;
nflag++;
break;
}
}
}while(flag);
if(!flag) Phone_number = phone_number;
}
void Student::Numshow(int Begin,int End)
{
int i = 0;
cout<<"序号:"<<No<<endl;
cout<<"学号";
HANDLE ohandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
for(int i = 0;i<Begin;i++) cout<<Num[i];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(ohandle,BACKGROUND_INTENSITY); //背景高亮
for(i = Begin;i<End;i++) cout<<Num[i];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), //恢复默认系统颜色
FOREGROUND_RED| FOREGROUND_GREEN| FOREGROUND_BLUE);
for(i = End;i<Num.length();i++) cout<<Num[i];
cout<<" "
<<"姓名:"<<Name<<" "
<<"出生日期:"<<Birthday<<" "
<<"性别:"<<Sex<<" "
<<"政治面貌:"<<Political_appearance<<endl
<<"手机号码:"<<Phone_number<<" ";
cout<<endl<<endl;
}
void Student::Addressshow(int Begin,int End)
{
int i = 0;
cout<<"序号:"<<No<<endl
<<"学号"<<Num<<" "
<<"姓名:"<<Name<<" "
<<"出生日期:"<<Birthday<<" "
<<"性别:"<<Sex<<" "
<<"政治面貌:"<<Political_appearance<<endl
<<"手机号码:"<<Phone_number<<" ";
HANDLE ohandle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
for(int i = 0;i<Begin;i++) cout<<Address[i];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(ohandle,BACKGROUND_INTENSITY); //背景高亮
for(i = Begin;i<End;i++) cout<<Address[i];
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), //恢复默认系统颜色
FOREGROUND_RED| FOREGROUND_GREEN| FOREGROUND_BLUE);
for(i = End;i<Address.length();i++) cout<<Address[i];
cout<<endl<<endl;
}
void Student::Show() //普通方式显示信息
{
cout<<"序号:"<<No<<endl
<<"学号"<<Num<<" "
<<"姓名:"<<Name<<" "
<<"出生日期:"<<Birthday<<" "
<<"性别:"<<Sex<<" "
<<"政治面貌:"<<Political_appearance<<endl
<<"手机号码:"<<Phone_number<<" "
<<"家庭地址:"<<Address<<endl<<endl;
}TXT文件格式
学号 姓名 生日 性别 政治面貌 手机号 家庭住址
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