最近公司项目有个需求，是导出列表中的数据并下载。如下图所示的列表数据，并且该数据不是一个表里的数据。
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实现步骤如下：本项目实现环境为maven项目
1.引入jia包：
2.拷贝ExportExcel文件和ReadExcel文件，是读取和导出excel文件的工具类，通用型的。
2.1 ReadExcel：
package dwz.plugins;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
/*****
* @category 读取Excel文件的工具类
* @author yinzhifu
* @version 2017-12-22
*/
public class ReadExcel {
public static List<List<Object>> readExcel(File file) throws IOException {
String fName = file.getName();
String extension = fName.lastIndexOf(".") == -1 ? "" : fName.substring(fName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
if ("xls".equals(extension)) {// 2003
System.err.println("读取excel2003文件内容");
return read2003Excel(file);
} else if ("xlsx".equals(extension)) {// 2007
System.err.println("读取excel2007文件内容");
return read2007Excel(file);
} else {
throw new IOException("不支持的文件类型:" + extension);
}
}
/**
* 读取2003excel
*
* @param file
* @return
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
private static List<List<Object>> read2003Excel(File file) throws IOException {
List<List<Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
HSSFRow row = null;
HSSFCell cell = null;
Object val = null;
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0");// 格式化数字
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");// 格式化日期字符串
// 如果加1 则为去掉表头
for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum() + 1; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {
row = sheet.getRow(i);
if (row == null) {
continue;
}
List<Object> objList = new ArrayList<Object>();
for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j < row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
cell = row.getCell(j);
if (cell == null) {
val = null;
objList.add(val);
continue;
}
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
val = cell.getStringCellValue();
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
if ("@".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
val = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} else if ("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
val = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} else {
val = sdf.format(HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
}
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
val = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
val = "";
break;
default:
val = cell.toString();
break;
}
objList.add(val);
}
dataList.add(objList);
}
return dataList;
}
/**
* 读取excel表头
*
* @param file
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String[] readExcelHead(File file) throws IOException {
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
HSSFRow row = null;
HSSFCell cell = null;
row = sheet.getRow(0);
String[] buff = new String[row.getLastCellNum()];
for (int i = row.getFirstCellNum(); i < row.getLastCellNum(); i++) {
cell = row.getCell(i);
buff[i] = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
return buff;
}
/**
* 读取2007excel
*
* @param file
* @return 文件内容
*/
private static List<List<Object>> read2007Excel(File file) throws IOException {
List<List<Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
XSSFWorkbook xwb = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
XSSFSheet sheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0);
XSSFRow row = null;
XSSFCell cell = null;
Object val = null;
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0");// 格式化数字
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");// 格式化日期字符串
// 如果开始位置加1 则不读取表头
for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum() + 1; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {
row = sheet.getRow(i);
if (row == null) {
continue;
}
List<Object> objList = new ArrayList<Object>();
for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j < row.getLastCellNum(); j++) {
cell = row.getCell(j);
if (cell == null) {
val = null;
objList.add(val);
continue;
}
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
val = cell.getStringCellValue();
break;
case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
if ("@".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
val = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} else if ("General".equals(cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormatString())) {
val = df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue());
} else {
val = sdf.format(HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
}
break;
case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
val = cell.getBooleanCellValue();
break;
case XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
val = "";
break;
default:
val = cell.toString();
break;
}
objList.add(val);
}
dataList.add(objList);
}
return dataList;
}
/***
* 测试
*
* @param args
*/
public static void readExcel() {
try {
List<List<Object>> list = readExcel(new File("F:\\1.xls"));
int num = 1;
for (List<Object> objList : list) {
System.out.print(num + " ");
for (Object obj : objList) {
System.out.print(obj + "\t");
}
System.out.println();
num++;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 测试表头
public static void readHed() {
String[] sArr;
try {
sArr = readExcelHead(new File("F:\\1.xls"));
for (String s : sArr) {
System.out.print(s + " ");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
readHed();
System.out.println("\n" + "-----------------");
readExcel();
}
}
2.2 ExportExcel：
package dwz.plugins;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFComment;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
/****
*
* @author yinzhfu
* @category excel导出公共类
* @param <T>
* @serial 2017-12-12
*/
public class ExportExcel<T> {
public void exportExcelCar(String[] headers, String sheetName, Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out) {
exportExcel(sheetName, headers, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
}
/**
* 这是一个通用的方法，利用了JAVA的反射机制，可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL 的形式输出到指定IO设备上
*
* @param title
* 表格标题名
* @param headers
* 表格属性列名数组
* @param dataset
* 需要显示的数据集合,集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
* javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型及String,Date,byte[](图片数据)
* @param out
* 与输出设备关联的流对象，可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
* @param pattern
* 如果有时间数据，设定输出格式。默认为"yyy-MM-dd"
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "deprecation", "resource" })
public void exportExcel(String title, String[] headers, Collection<T> dataset, OutputStream out, String pattern) {
// 声明一个工作薄
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
// 生成一个表格
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
// 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((short) 15);
// 生成一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
// 设置这些样式
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
// 生成一个字体
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style.setFont(font);
// 生成并设置另一个样式
HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
// 生成另一个字体
HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
// 把字体应用到当前的样式
style2.setFont(font2);
// 声明一个画图的顶级管理器
HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
// 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 0, 0, (short) 4, 2, (short) 6, 5));
// 设置注释内容
comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释！"));
// 设置注释作者，当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
comment.setAuthor("leno");
// 产生表格标题行
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
for (short i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
cell.setCellValue(text);
}
// 遍历集合数据，产生数据行
Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
int index = 0;
while (it.hasNext()) {
index++;
row = sheet.createRow(index);
T t = (T) it.next();
// 利用反射，根据javabean属性的先后顺序，动态调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (short i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(style2);
Field field = fields[i];
String fieldName = field.getName();
String getMethodName = "get" + fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fieldName.substring(1);
try {
Class tCls = t.getClass();
Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {});
Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[] {});
// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
String textValue = null;
if (value instanceof Boolean) {
boolean bValue = (Boolean) value;
textValue = "男";
if (!bValue) {
textValue = "女";
}
} else if (value instanceof Date) {
Date date = (Date) value;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
textValue = sdf.format(date);
} else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
// 有图片时，设置行高为60px;
row.setHeightInPoints(60);
// 设置图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算
sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short) (35.7 * 80));
// sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
byte[] bsValue = (byte[]) value;
HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 255, (short) 6, index, (short) 6,
index);
anchor.setAnchorType(2);
patriarch.createPicture(anchor, workbook.addPicture(bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
} else {
// 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理
if (null == value) {
textValue = "";
} else {
textValue = value.toString();
}
}
// 如果不是图片数据，就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
if (textValue != null) {
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$");
Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
if (matcher.matches()) {
// 是数字当作double处理
cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
} else {
HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);
HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
richString.applyFont(font3);
cell.setCellValue(richString);
}
}
} catch (SecurityException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 清理资源
}
}
}
try {
workbook.write(out);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/***
* @category 下载excel文件公共方法
*
* @param path
* 文件所在路径
* @param response
*/
public void download(String path, HttpServletResponse response) {
try {
// path是指欲下载的文件的路径。
File file = new File(path);
// 取得文件名。
String name = file.getName();
String filename = URLEncoder.encode(name, "UTF-8");
// 以流的形式下载文件。
InputStream fis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(path));
byte[] buffer = new byte[fis.available()];
fis.read(buffer);
fis.close();
// 清空response
response.reset();
// 设置response的Header
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + new String(filename.getBytes()));
response.addHeader("Content-Length", "" + file.length());
OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8");
toClient.write(buffer);
toClient.flush();
toClient.close();
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}3.controller 部分截图如下：
4.service 部分截图如下：
6.dao 部分截图如下：
7.mapper.xml部分截图如下：
8.还有个关键点，如下图所示：
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