小编这次要给大家分享的是keras如何处理欠拟合和过拟合，文章内容丰富，感兴趣的小伙伴可以来了解一下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后能够有所收获。
baseline
import tensorflow.keras.layers as layers
baseline_model = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(16, activation='relu', input_shape=(NUM_WORDS,)),
layers.Dense(16, activation='relu'),
layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
]
)
baseline_model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='binary_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy', 'binary_crossentropy'])
baseline_model.summary()
baseline_history = baseline_model.fit(train_data, train_labels,
epochs=20, batch_size=512,
validation_data=(test_data, test_labels),
verbose=2)小模型
small_model = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(4, activation='relu', input_shape=(NUM_WORDS,)),
layers.Dense(4, activation='relu'),
layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
]
)
small_model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='binary_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy', 'binary_crossentropy'])
small_model.summary()
small_history = small_model.fit(train_data, train_labels,
epochs=20, batch_size=512,
validation_data=(test_data, test_labels),
verbose=2)大模型
big_model = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(512, activation='relu', input_shape=(NUM_WORDS,)),
layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'),
layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
]
)
big_model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='binary_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy', 'binary_crossentropy'])
big_model.summary()
big_history = big_model.fit(train_data, train_labels,
epochs=20, batch_size=512,
validation_data=(test_data, test_labels),
verbose=2)绘图比较上述三个模型
def plot_history(histories, key='binary_crossentropy'):
plt.figure(figsize=(16,10))
for name, history in histories:
val = plt.plot(history.epoch, history.history['val_'+key],
'--', label=name.title()+' Val')
plt.plot(history.epoch, history.history[key], color=val[0].get_color(),
label=name.title()+' Train')
plt.xlabel('Epochs')
plt.ylabel(key.replace('_',' ').title())
plt.legend()
plt.xlim([0,max(history.epoch)])
plot_history([('baseline', baseline_history),
('small', small_history),
('big', big_history)])
三个模型在迭代过程中在训练集的表现都会越来越好，并且都会出现过拟合的现象
大模型在训练集上表现更好，过拟合的速度更快
l2正则减少过拟合
l2_model = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(16, kernel_regularizer=keras.regularizers.l2(0.001),
activation='relu', input_shape=(NUM_WORDS,)),
layers.Dense(16, kernel_regularizer=keras.regularizers.l2(0.001),
activation='relu'),
layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
]
)
l2_model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='binary_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy', 'binary_crossentropy'])
l2_model.summary()
l2_history = l2_model.fit(train_data, train_labels,
epochs=20, batch_size=512,
validation_data=(test_data, test_labels),
verbose=2)
plot_history([('baseline', baseline_history),
('l2', l2_history)])
可以发现正则化之后的模型在验证集上的过拟合程度减少
添加dropout减少过拟合
dpt_model = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(16, activation='relu', input_shape=(NUM_WORDS,)),
layers.Dropout(0.5),
layers.Dense(16, activation='relu'),
layers.Dropout(0.5),
layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')
]
)
dpt_model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='binary_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy', 'binary_crossentropy'])
dpt_model.summary()
dpt_history = dpt_model.fit(train_data, train_labels,
epochs=20, batch_size=512,
validation_data=(test_data, test_labels),
verbose=2)
plot_history([('baseline', baseline_history),
('dropout', dpt_history)])
批正则化
model = keras.Sequential([
layers.Dense(64, activation='relu', input_shape=(784,)),
layers.BatchNormalization(),
layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'),
layers.BatchNormalization(),
layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'),
layers.BatchNormalization(),
layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])
model.compile(optimizer=keras.optimizers.SGD(),
loss=keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(),
metrics=['accuracy'])
model.summary()
history = model.fit(x_train, y_train, batch_size=256, epochs=100, validation_split=0.3, verbose=0)
plt.plot(history.history['accuracy'])
plt.plot(history.history['val_accuracy'])
plt.legend(['training', 'validation'], loc='upper left')
plt.show()看完这篇关于keras如何处理欠拟合和过拟合的文章，如果觉得文章内容写得不错的话，可以把它分享出去给更多人看到。
免责声明：本站发布的内容（图片、视频和文字）以原创、转载和分享为主，文章观点不代表本网站立场，如果涉及侵权请联系站长邮箱：is@yisu.com进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。
