这篇文章主要介绍了使用pyecharts Geo实现动态数据热力图城市找不到怎么办,具有一定借鉴价值,感兴趣的朋友可以参考下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获,下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
pyecharts 是一个用于生成 Echarts 图表的类库。 Echarts 是百度开源的一个数据可视化 JS 库。主要用于数据可视化。
本文主要是用pycharts中的Geo绘制中国地图,在图中显示出各个地区的人均销售额
传入的数据形如:[('上海',30), ('北京',50), ... ...]
li=[] for i,row in filtered.iterrows(): li.append((row['city'],int(row['per_capita']))) geo = Geo("sales per capita", "city", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600, background_color='#404a59') attr, value = geo.cast(li) geo.add("", attr, value, visual_range=[187, 820], visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15, is_visualmap=True) geo.show_config() geo.render() geo = Geo("全国主要城市空气质量", "data from pm2.5", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600, background_color='#404a59') attr, value = geo.cast(li) geo.add("", attr, value, type="heatmap", is_visualmap=True, visual_range=[200, 300], visual_text_color='#fff') geo.show_config() geo.render() geo = Geo("全国主要城市空气质量", "data from pm2.5", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600, background_color='#404a59') attr, value = geo.cast(li) geo.add("", attr, value, type="effectScatter", is_random=True, effect_scale=5) geo.show_config() geo.render()
原来的包的问题是,经纬度非常不全,一旦有找不到的,就画不出来,方案一是把找不到的数据删掉再画
另一种办法是到百度地图api里把找不到的地方的经纬度加进原始的包里
搜索:百度地图api-》地图api示例-》地址解析
复制这些经纬度;
打开pyecharts包里的base.py,找到记录经纬度信息的地方,把刚才的经纬度信息补上去
如此便可以把所有数据都呈现在地图上了
如果我想动态选择年份(2013-2017)以及选择展现不同数据维度(人均消费额,总消费额)怎么办?
这里要介绍一个python的模板引擎jinja2,该引擎仿照Django设计。模板是文本,用于分离文档的形式和内容,具体的介绍和用法可以看下面两个链接
https://www.jb51.net/article/163962.htm
http://docs.jinkan.org/docs/jinja2/templates.html
最基本的方法是通过Template创建模板并且渲染
from jinja2 import Template template = Template('Hello {{string}}!') template.render(string='world')
除了普通的字符串变量,jinja2还支持列表,字典和对象,
{{ mydict['key'] }} {{ mylist[3] }} {{ mylist[myintvar] }} {{ myobj.somemethod() }} {{myobj.someattribute}}
于是我们可以通过创建一个字典,将不同年份不同维度的数据都放入字典中,在展示数据时,将指定数据传入模板
options={}
for year in range(2013, 2018): options[year] = {} filtered = grouped[grouped['year'] == year] for dim in ('sales', 'per_capita'): li = [] for i, row in filtered.iterrows(): li.append((row['city'], int(row[dim]))) if dim == 'per_capita': geo = Geo(dim, "city (单位:元/人)", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600, background_color='#404a59') attr, value = geo.cast(li) geo.add("", attr, value, visual_range=[380, 450], visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15, is_visualmap=True) else: geo = Geo(dim, "city (单位:百万)", title_color="#fff", title_pos="center", width=1200, height=600, background_color='#404a59') attr, value = geo.cast(li) geo.add("", attr, value, visual_range=[10, 100], visual_text_color="#fff", symbol_size=15, is_visualmap=True) options[year][dim] = geo._option with open("template.html", encoding='utf-8') as f: template = jinja2.Template(f.read()) html = template.render(data=json.dumps(options)) with open("city_chart.html", "w") as f: f.write(html)
通过查看base.py里的render()可以看到传入模板的是self._option
def render(self, path="render.html"): """ 渲染数据项,生成 html 文件 :param path: 生成 html 文件保存路径 """ from pyecharts import temple as Tp temple = Tp._temple series = self._option.get("series") for s in series: if s.get('type') == "wordCloud": temple = Tp._temple_wd break if s.get('type') == "liquidFill": temple = Tp._temple_lq break my_option = json.dumps(self._option, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False) __op = temple\ .replace("myOption", my_option)\ .replace("myWidth", str(self._width))\ .replace("myHeight", str(self._height)) try: # for Python3 with open(path, "w+", encoding="utf-8") as fout: fout.write(__op) except: # for Python2 with open(path, "w+") as fout: fout.write(__op)
template亦可仿照temple.py
<html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="external nofollow" type="text/css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://pingendo.github.io/templates/blank/theme.css" rel="external nofollow" type="text/css"> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap-select/2.0.0-beta1/css/bootstrap-select.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap-select/2.0.0-beta1/js/bootstrap-select.js"></script> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tether/1.4.0/js/tether.min.js"></script> <script src="https://pingendo.com/assets/bootstrap/bootstrap-4.0.0-alpha.6.min.js"></script> <script src="http://oog4yfyu0.bkt.clouddn.com/echarts.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript " src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/china.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript " src="http://echarts.baidu.com/gallery/vendors/echarts/map/js/world.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript " src="http://oog4yfyu0.bkt.clouddn.com/wordcloud.js"></script> ... ... </head> <body> <div class="py-5"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4"> <select class="selectpicker" id="year"> <option>2013</option> <option>2014</option> <option>2015</option> <option>2016</option> <option>2017</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <select class="selectpicker" id="dim"> <option value="sales">total_sales</option> <option value="per_capita">sales per capita</option> <option value="count">count</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <select class="selectpicker" id="customer_type"> <option value="new_customer">new_customer</option> <option value="old_customer">old_customer</option> <option value="members">members</option> </select> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" rel="external nofollow" onclick="show()">refresh</a> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class='col-md-12'> <div id="main" ></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var data={{data}}; function show(){ var year=$("#year").val(); var dim=$("#dim").val(); var customer_type=$("#customer_type").val(); var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main')); var option=data[year][dim][customer_type]; option['tooltip']={'formatter':function(params){return params['name']+':'+params['value'][2]}}; myChart.setOption(option); } $(show);//加载完文档之后运行这个函数 </script> </body> </html>
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