switchover physical DB怎样互换primary DB

发布时间：2021-12-20 14:29:21 来源：亿速云阅读：134 作者：柒染栏目：关系型数据库

switchover physical DB怎样互换primary DB，相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策，为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法，通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。

PS：这一些实验是建立在我之前博客实验的基础上的

为什么要先alter 先切主库再切备库，
因为如果先切备库的话，那么主库的一些日志可能备库收不到，导致不一致的情况发生

先切主库------>standby DB 切换之后主库是断开close的，重新open后查看其状态

20:53:33 SYS @ slow >select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW PRIMARY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY TO STANDBY
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
20:55:15 SYS @ slow >edit
Wrote file afiedt.buf
1* select username,sid,serial# from v$session where username is not null
20:55:24 SYS @ slow >r
1* select username,sid,serial# from v$session where username is not null
USERNAME SID SERIAL#
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
SYS 1 5
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
20:55:25 SYS @ slow >r
1* select username,sid,serial# from v$session where username is not null
USERNAME SID SERIAL#
------------------------------ ---------- ----------
SYS 1 5
SCOTT 41 47
2 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
20:56:25 SYS @ slow >alter database commit to switchover to standby;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:01.89
20:57:05 SYS @ slow >select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 5713
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
20:58:08 SYS @ slow >select status from v$instance;
select status from v$instance
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 5713
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
20:58:46 SYS @ slow >startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2254824 bytes
Variable Size 377489432 bytes
Database Buffers 138412032 bytes
Redo Buffers 3780608 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
21:07:19 SYS @ slow >select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW READ ONLY PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY TO PRIMARY
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:07:55 SYS @ slow >recover managed standby database disconnect;
Media recovery complete.
21:08:35 SYS @ slow >select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY TO PRIMARY
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
21:09:02 SYS @ slow >

再切换备库----->primary DB 备库mount状态下操作成功！！！

20:52:21 SYS @ gotime >select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY NOT ALLOWED
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
20:53:12 SYS @ gotime >r
1* select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database
NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY NOT ALLOWED
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
20:59:16 SYS @ gotime >select username,sid from v$session where username is not null;
USERNAME SID
------------------------------ ----------
SYS 24
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:02:26 SYS @ gotime >alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-16139: media recovery required
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:03:18 SYS @ gotime >recover managed standby database disconnect;
Media recovery complete.
21:03:51 SYS @ gotime >alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:02.04
21:05:00 SYS @ gotime >select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW PRIMARY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY NOT ALLOWED
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:05:12 SYS @ gotime >alter database open;
Database altered.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.58
21:05:45 SYS @ gotime >select name,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW PRIMARY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY FAILED DESTINATION
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:06:13 SYS @ gotime >

--------------------------------------但是，switchover_status是failed destination 状态------------------------------------------

switchover之后的备库slow，重新启动listener

[oracle@slow ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:31:12
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@slow ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:31:20
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/slow/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 13-JAN-2018 21:31:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/slow/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@slow ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:31:23
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 13-JAN-2018 21:31:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 2 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/slow/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

关闭slow备库，再打开mount状态

21:28:36 SYS @ slow >shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
21:28:53 SYS @ slow >startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2254824 bytes
Variable Size 377489432 bytes
Database Buffers 138412032 bytes
Redo Buffers 3780608 bytes
Database mounted.
21:29:08 SYS @ slow >

等slow备库重新启动之后，状态为ready了

[oracle@slow ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:32:05
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 13-JAN-2018 21:31:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 44 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/slow/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=slow)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "slow" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "slow", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@slow ~]$

现在的主库gotime这边重启listener

[grid@sink ~]$ lsnrctl stop
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:31:41
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=sink)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[grid@sink ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 13-JAN-2018 21:31:46
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/11.2.0/grid/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/sink/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sink)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=sink)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date 13-JAN-2018 21:31:46
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/sink/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=sink)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "gotime" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "gotime", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[grid@sink ~]$

gotime主库重新启动，到open

21:32:12 SYS @ gotime >startup force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 521936896 bytes
Fixed Size 2254824 bytes
Variable Size 377489432 bytes
Database Buffers 138412032 bytes
Redo Buffers 3780608 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
21:32:35 SYS @ gotime >

switchover之后的备库slow，查询其状态，not allowed，正常了！！

21:29:08 SYS @ slow >recover managed standby database disconnect;
Media recovery complete.
21:29:32 SYS @ slow >select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database;
NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY NOT ALLOWED
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
21:33:16 SYS @ slow >

在查询状态，为to standby了，正常了！！

21:32:35 SYS @ gotime >select name,open_mode,database_role,protection_mode,switchover_status from v$database
21:32:45 2 ;
NAME OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE PROTECTION_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS
--------- -------------------- ---------------- -------------------- --------------------
SLOW READ WRITE PRIMARY MAXIMUM AVAILABILITY TO STANDBY
1 row selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.02
21:32:47 SYS @ gotime >

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