mysql复制和内存引擎的表是怎么样的

发布时间：2021-11-16 11:52:11 来源：亿速云阅读：121 作者：柒染栏目：MySQL数据库

mysql复制和内存引擎的表是怎么样的，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。

当主服务器关闭并重新启动时，其内存表将变为空。要将此效果复制到从属服务器，在主服务器启动后第一次使用给定内存表时，它会记录一个事件，通知从属服务器必须通过将该表的DELETE语句写入二进制日志来清空该表。

当从属服务器关闭并重新启动时，其内存表将变为空。这会导致从属设备与主设备不同步，并可能导致其他故障或导致从属设备停止：

从主机接收的行格式更新和删除可能会失败，因为在“内存表”中找不到记录。

语句，例如INSERT INTO。。。从内存中选择\u表可以在主设备和从设备上插入一组不同的行。

当主库上使用内存引擎的表时，主库因为某些原因重启了。启动好之后，再打开主库的内存引擎表时，会先把里面的内容清空。所以这个时候主从状态是正常的。

但当从库被重启时，因为memory的内容没有了，所以可能会出现主从报错的现象。

实验：

一主库异常关闭：

在主库上建表

mysql> show create table b;

+-------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Table | Create Table |

+-------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| b | CREATE TABLE `b` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=MEMORY DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

主库：

mysql> insert into b values (10),(20);

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

从库：

mysql> select * from a.b;

+----+

| id |

+----+

| 10 |

| 20 |

+----+

重启主库后：

从库：

mysql> select * from a.b;

+----+

| id |

+----+

| 10 |

| 20 |

+----+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这时再去主库上观察：

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select *from a.b;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000012';

+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000012 | 4 | Format_desc | 169454186 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.16.k1-ucloudrel1-log, Binlog ver: 4 |

| mysql-bin.000012 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 169454186 | 194 | 48dfe7f5-3ab5-11e7-b3fa-525400199b09:1-23 |

| mysql-bin.000012 | 194 | Gtid | 169454186 | 259 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= '48dfe7f5-3ab5-11e7-b3fa-525400199b09:24' |

| mysql-bin.000012 | 259 | Query | 169454186 | 327 | BEGIN |

| mysql-bin.000012 | 327 | Query | 169454186 | 409 | DELETE FROM `a`.`b` |

| mysql-bin.000012 | 409 | Query | 169454186 | 478 | COMMIT |

+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

再次去从库观察：

mysql> select * from a.b;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

这时主从的状态也是正常的。

二从库启常重启：

主库上：

mysql> insert into a.b values (10),(20);

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

从库：

mysql> select * from a.b;

+----+

| id |

+----+

| 10 |

| 20 |

+----+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

重启从库后：

mysql> select *from a.b;

Empty set (10.00 sec)

主库：

mysql> delete from a.b where id=10;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

从库：

mysql> show slave status \G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 10.25.170.106

Master_User: ucloudbackup

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1049

Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000024

Relay_Log_Pos: 360

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000012

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: No

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 1032

Last_Error: Coordinator stopped because there were error(s) in the worker(s). The most recent failure being: Worker 0 failed executing transaction '48dfe7f5-3ab5-11e7-b3fa-525400199b09:26' at master log mysql-bin.000012, end_log_pos 980. See error log and/or performance_schema.replication_applier_status_by_worker table for more details about this failure or others, if any.

Skip_Counter: 0

分析：

重启主库，并且访问a.b表时， mysqlbinlog中会记录下面的内容：

# at 327

#170518 19:16:07 server id 10 end_log_pos 410 CRC32 0xc908da54 Query thread_id=5 exec_time=499 error_code=0

SET TIMESTAMP=1495106167/*!*/;

DELETE FROM `a`.`b`

/*!*/;

通过跟踪可知：

#0 open_table_entry_fini (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, share=0x7f3f14045b50, entry=0x7f3f1c00eef0) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_base.cc:4325

#1 0x00000000014968ac in open_table (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, table_list=0x7f3f1c006580, ot_ctx=0x7f3f40092370) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_base.cc:3551

#2 0x000000000149912c in open_and_process_table (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, lex=0x7f3f1c003078, tables=0x7f3f1c006580, counter=0x7f3f1c003138, flags=0, prelocking_strategy=0x7f3f40092470,

has_prelocking_list=false, ot_ctx=0x7f3f40092370) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_base.cc:5108

#3 0x000000000149a1ce in open_tables (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, start=0x7f3f40092430, counter=0x7f3f1c003138, flags=0, prelocking_strategy=0x7f3f40092470) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_base.cc:5719

#4 0x000000000149b4fb in open_tables_for_query (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, tables=0x7f3f1c006580, flags=0) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_base.cc:6494

#5 0x00000000015208fe in execute_sqlcom_select (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, all_tables=0x7f3f1c006580) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_parse.cc:5166

#6 0x000000000151a193 in mysql_execute_command (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, first_level=true) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_parse.cc:2794

#7 0x00000000015218f6 in mysql_parse (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, parser_state=0x7f3f40093690) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_parse.cc:5611

#8 0x000000000151709c in dispatch_command (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80, com_data=0x7f3f40093df0, command=COM_QUERY) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_parse.cc:1461

#9 0x0000000001515f8e in do_command (thd=0x7f3f1c000d80) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/sql_parse.cc:999

#10 0x0000000001645460 in handle_connection (arg=0x43de0e0) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/sql/conn_handler/connection_handler_per_thread.cc:300

#11 0x0000000001cbe494 in pfs_spawn_thread (arg=0x4474250) at /data/mysql-5.7.17/storage/perfschema/pfs.cc:2188

#12 0x00007f3f4e629dc5 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0

#13 0x00007f3f4d4f473d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6

是在sql/sql_base.cc:open_table_entry_fini函数中实现的添加delete

具体是体现在：

4345 if (mysql_bin_log.is_open())

4346 {

4347 bool error= false;

4348 String temp_buf;

4349 error= temp_buf.append("DELETE FROM ");

4350 append_identifier(thd, &temp_buf, share->db.str, strlen(share->db.str));

4351 error= temp_buf.append(".");

4352 append_identifier(thd, &temp_buf, share->table_name.str,

4353 strlen(share->table_name.str));

4354 if (mysql_bin_log.write_dml_directly(thd, temp_buf.c_ptr_safe(),

4355 temp_buf.length()))

4356 return TRUE;

4357 if (error)

4358 {

4359 /*

4360 As replication is maybe going to be corrupted, we need to warn the

4361 DBA on top of warning the client (which will automatically be done

4362 because of MYF(MY_WME) in my_malloc() above).

4363 */

4364 sql_print_error("When opening HEAP table, could not allocate memory "

4365 "to write 'DELETE FROM `%s`.`%s`' to the binary log",

4366 share->db.str, share->table_name.str);

4367 delete entry->triggers;

4368 return TRUE;

4369 }

直接在mysqlbinlog中写了delete 语句。

对于有memory引擎的表，做主从时可能会有的问题：

1 逻辑备份：会dump出来当时memory表里有的内容，但他不支持事务，所以有可能数据是不一样的

2 物理备份：memory的表只有frm文件，所以里面的内容一定是空的

所以两种方式都不能保证可以直接做出来从库。

最好的方法是：在主从复制中还是不要使用memory引擎的表。真要用的话，需要了解他的影响。

关于mysql复制和内存引擎的表是怎么样的问题的解答就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，如果你还有很多疑惑没有解开，可以关注亿速云行业资讯频道了解更多相关知识。

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