这篇文章主要介绍“es6怎么解决因React Native出现的问题”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在es6怎么解决因React Native出现的问题问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”es6怎么解决因React Native出现的问题”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧!
构造函数
定义侦探类作为例子。
ES5的“类”是如何定义的。
function ES5Detective() { console.log('##ES5Detective contructor'); }
ES6定义类:
class ES6Detective { constructor() { console.log('Detective constructor'); } }
ES6使用了class关键字,而且有专门的constructor。ES5里的function ES5Detective既是类的定义,也是构造函数。
属性
看看这个侦探是从哪本书出来的。
ES5:
ES5Detective.prototype.fromBookName = 'who';
ES6:
class ES6Detective { detectiveName: string; _bookName: string; constructor() { console.log('Detective constructor'); this.detectiveName = 'Detective who'; // 属性 } }
ES6 getter & setter
class ES6Detective { detectiveName: string; _bookName: string; constructor() { console.log('Detective constructor'); this.detectiveName = 'Detective who'; this._bookName = 'who'; } get fromBookName() { return this._bookName; } set fromBookName(value) { this._bookName = value; } }
如果只有getter没有setter而赋值的话就会出现下面的错误:
detective.bookAuthor = 'A C'; ^ TypeError: Cannot set property bookAuthor of #<ES6Detective> which has only a getter
实例方法
侦探是如何解决案件的。
ES5:
ES5Detective.prototype.solveCase = function(caseName) { var dn = this.dectiveName; if(!caseName) { console.log('SOLVE CASE: ' + dn + ' no case to solve'); } else { console.log('SOLVE CASE: ' + dn + ' get case ' + caseName + ' is solved'); } };
或者:
function ES5Detective() { this.dectiveName = 'Detective who'; console.log('##ES5Detective contructor'); // 实例方法 this.investigate = function(scene) { console.log('investigate ' + scene); } this.assistant = "assistant who"; }
ES6:
class ES6Detective { detectiveName: string; _bookName: string; constructor() { console.log('Detective constructor'); this.detectiveName = 'Detective who'; this._bookName = 'who'; } solveCase(caseName) { if(!caseName) { console.log('no case to solve'); } else { console.log('case ' + caseName + ' is solved'); } } }
ES6添加方法非常简单直接。ES5中添加实例方法有两种方法,一是在prototype里定义,一是在构造函数重定义。在构造函数中定义的实例方法和属性在每一个实例中都会保留一份,而在原型中定义的实例方法和属性是全部实例只有一份。
另外,在ES5的构造函数重定义的实例方法可以访问类的私有变量。比如:
function ES5Detective() { console.log('##ES5Detective contructor'); var available: boolean = true; // private field. default income is ZERO. this.investigate = function(scene) { if (available) { console.log('investigate ' + scene); } else { console.log(`i'm not available`); } } }
在其他的方法访问的时候就会报错。
if (!available) { ^
静态方法
ES5:
ES5Detective.countCases = function(count) { if(!count) { console.log('no case solved'); } else { console.log(`${count} cases are solved`); } };
类名后直接定义方法,这个方法就是静态方法。
ES5Detective.countCases();
ES6:
class ES6Detective { static countCases() { console.log(`Counting cases...`); } } // call it ES6Detective.countCases();
继承
ES6使用extends关键字实现继承。
ES5:
function ES5Detective() { var available: boolean = true; // private field. this.dectiveName = 'Detective who'; console.log('##ES5Detective contructor'); this.investigate = function(scene) { // 略 } this.assistant = "assistant who"; } ES5Detective.prototype.solveCase = function(caseName) { // 略 } // inheritance function ES5DetectiveConan() { // first line in constructor method is a must!!! ES5Detective.call(this); this.dectiveName = 'Conan'; } // inheritance ES5DetectiveConan.prototype = Object.create(ES5Detective.prototype); ES5DetectiveConan.prototype.constructor = ES5DetectiveConan;
ES5继承的时候需要注意两个地方:
需要在子类的构造函数里调用SuperClass.call(this[, arg1, arg2, ...])
子类的prototype赋值为:SubClass.prototype = Object.create(SuperClass.prototype),然后把构造函数重新指向自己的:SubClass.prototpye.constructor = SubClass。
ES6:
class ES6Detective { constructor() { console.log('Detective constructor'); this.detectiveName = 'Detective who'; this._bookName = 'who'; } solveCase(caseName) { if(!caseName) { console.log('no case to solve'); } else { console.log('case ' + caseName + ' is solved'); } } get fromBookName() { return this._bookName; } set fromBookName(value) { this._bookName = value; } get bookAuthor() { return 'Author Who'; } static countCases() { console.log(`Counting cases...`); } } class ES6DetectiveConan extends ES6Detective { constructor() { super(); console.log('ES6DetectiveConan constructor'); } }
ES6的新语法更加易懂。
注意:一定要在子类的构造方法里调用super()方法。否则报错。
调用super类内容
class ES6DetectiveConan extends ES6Detective { constructor() { super(); console.log('ES6DetectiveConan constructor'); } solveCase(caseName) { super.solveCase(caseName); if(!caseName) { console.log('CONAN no case to solve'); } else { console.log('CONAN case ' + caseName + ' is solved'); } } }
静态方法可以被继承
ES6的静态方法可以被继承。ES5的不可以。
class ES6Detective { static countCases(place) { let p = !place ? '[maybe]' : place; console.log(`Counting cases...solve in ${p}`); } } class ES6DetectiveConan extends ES6Detective { constructor() { super(); console.log('ES6DetectiveConan constructor'); } } // static method ES6Detective.countCases(); ES6DetectiveConan.countCases('Japan'); // result Counting cases...solve in [maybe] Counting cases...solve in Japan
在子类ES6DetectiveConan并没有定义任何方法,包括静态方法。但是,在父类和子类里都可以调用该方法。
甚至,可以在子类里调用父类的静态方法:
class ES6DetectiveConan extends ES6Detective { static countCases(place) { let p = !place ? '[maybe]' : place; super.countCases(p); console.log(`#Sub class:- Counting cases...solve in ${p}`); } } // result Counting cases...solve in [maybe] Counting cases...solve in Japan #Sub class:- Counting cases...solve in Japan
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