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windows安装rabbitmq
mac安装rabbitmq 需要注意的是，mac安装rabbitmq，启动的时候命令前，需要加 sudo，不然会报错误
2.1 Producer（生产者）
2.2 Consumer（消费者）
2.3 Exchange（交换机）
2.4 Queue（队列）
2.5 rountingKey（交换机与队列之间的关系）
官网的6中模式，可以点开这个网址，显示6中模式，第6中模式RPC远程调用我们不需要用该模式，所以我们只要关注前五种就可以了。
接下来我们就直接简单教学rabbitmq的简单使用
/**
* 声明队列，五个参数列表，如果直接使用默认channel.queueDeclare("queue"),那么其他参数都会自动默认设置属性，所以一般我们几乎都默认它
* String queue 队列名称
* boolean durable 队列是需要持久化，意思就是rabbitmq重启的时候，如果不是持久化，那么该队列就会消失，默认true
* boolean exclusive 如果你想创建一个只有自己可见的队列，不允许其它用户访问RabbitMQ允许你将一个Queue声明成为排他性的，只对首次声明它的连接（Connection）可见，会在其连接断开的时候自动删除。所以我们开发中一般不需要此操作，默认false
* boolean autoDelete 消息是需要持久化，意思就是rabbitmq重启的时候，如果为true，那么关闭期间接受的消息就会自动消失，默认false
* Map<String, Object> arguments 这个参数我们只会在使用延迟队列中才会用到，就是延迟队列的相关配置等属性
* 方法channel.queueDelete("queue")等同于channel.queueDeclare("queue",true,false,false,null);
*/
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);/** * 绑定队列到交换机 * String queue 队列名 * String exchange 交换机名 * String routingKey 绑定关系 如 大头儿子，小头爸爸 他们的rountingKey就是父子 */ channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*");
版本随意，本博客任何版本高版本也行。
<dependency> <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId> <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId> <version>3.4.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId> <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class ConnectionUtil {
public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
//定义连接工厂
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
//设置服务地址
factory.setHost("localhost");
//端口
factory.setPort(5672);
//设置账号信息，用户名、密码、vhost
factory.setVirtualHost("/");
factory.setUsername("guest");
factory.setPassword("guest");
// 通过工程获取连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
return connection;
}
}理解：该rabbit服务器只有一个单一的队列
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Send {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
// 从连接中创建通道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明（创建）队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 消息内容
String message = "Hello World!";
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
//关闭通道和连接
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "mujiutian_queue";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
//创建channel
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//创建队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
//监听队列，发送消息
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
// 获取消息，该线程一直进行
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("获取到消息"+message);
}
}
}先打开rece的main函数，这样就可以执行send发送消息。
理解：rabbit服务器有一个exchange（交换机），该交换机下有两个队列，总共发送了100条消息，A队列效率高可以抢到80条消息给消费者，B队列只能抢到20条消息给发送者，他们的总和是100条，为工作模式。
先执行，先执行消费者main函数，在看结果图：
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Send {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
// 消息内容
String message = "" + i;
channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
}
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(10);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("收到消息'" + message + "'");
// 返回确认状态
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成状态
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}如图：
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者 channel.basicQos(1);
跟这个有关系，这也就是我们所说的工作模式
理解：就是群发，该交换机下的所有队列，都会接受相同的所有交换机发来的消息，类似于qq群一样
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Send {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明exchange
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
// 消息内容
String message = "Hello World!";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}理解就是：你是人，如果性别是女，请进女厕，是男性，请进男厕，如同，一个交换机下面的多个队列，根据rountingKey判断该接受的消息
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Send {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_direct";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明exchange
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
// 消息内容
String message = "Hello World!";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_direct";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_direct";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}理解就是：路径aas.# A队列接受这种所有路径，B队列接受路径下的所有队列aab.#
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
public class Send {
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明exchange
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
// 消息内容
String message = "Hello World!";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1", null, message.getBytes());
System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.*");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
public class Recv2 {
private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work2";
private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
// 获取到连接以及mq通道
Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
// 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
// 绑定队列到交换机
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*");
// 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
channel.basicQos(1);
// 定义队列的消费者
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
// 监听队列，手动返回完成
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
// 获取消息
while (true) {
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
Thread.sleep(10);
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
}
}
}关于RabbitMq的5种开发方案是什么就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
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