这篇文章主要介绍“Spring Security单点登录的权限功能怎么使用”的相关知识,小编通过实际案例向大家展示操作过程,操作方法简单快捷,实用性强,希望这篇“Spring Security单点登录的权限功能怎么使用”文章能帮助大家解决问题。
在配置中心增加权限功能
目前配置中心已经包含了单点登录功能,可以通过统一页面进行登录,登录完会将用户写入用户表
RBAC的用户、角色、权限表CRUD、授权等都已经完成
希望不用用户再次登录,就可以使用SpringSecurity的权限控制
Spring Security最主要的两个功能:认证和授权
功能 | 解决的问题 | Spring Security中主要类 |
---|---|---|
认证(Authentication) | 你是谁 | AuthenticationManager |
授权(Authorization) | 你可以做什么 | AuthorizationManager |
在这先简单了解一下Spring Security的架构是怎样的,如何可以认证和授权的
过滤器大家应该都了解,这属于Servlet的范畴,Servlet 过滤器可以动态地拦截请求和响应,以变换或使用包含在请求或响应中的信息
DelegatingFilterProxy是一个属于Spring Security的过滤器
通过这个过滤器,Spring Security就可以从Request中获取URL来判断是不是需要认证才能访问,是不是得拥有特定的权限才能访问。
Spring Security官方文档-授权架构中这样说,GrantedAuthority(也就是拥有的权限)被AuthenticationManager写入Authentication对象,后而被AuthorizationManager用来做权限认证
The GrantedAuthority objects are inserted into the Authentication object by the AuthenticationManager and are later read by either the AuthorizationManager when making authorization decisions.
为了解决我们的问题,即使我只想用权限认证功能,也得造出一个Authentication,先看下这个对象:
Authentication包含三个字段:
principal,代表用户
credentials,用户密码
authorities,拥有的权限
有两个作用:
AuthenticationManager的入参,仅仅是用来存用户的信息,准备去认证
AuthenticationManager的出参,已经认证的用户信息,可以从SecurityContext获取
SecurityContext和SecurityContextHolder用来存储Authentication, 通常是用了线程全局变量ThreadLocal, 也就是认证完成把Authentication放入SecurityContext,后续在整个同线程流程中都可以获取认证信息,也方便了认证
看到这可以得到,要实现不登录的权限认证,只需要手动造一个Authentication,然后放入SecurityContext就可以了,先尝试一下,大概流程是这样,在每个请求上
获取sso登录的用户
读取用户、角色、权限写入Authentication
将Authentication写入SecurityContext
请求完毕时将SecurityContext清空,因为是ThreadLocal的,不然可能会被别的用户用到
同时Spring Security的配置中是对所有的url都允许访问的
加了一个过滤器,代码如下:
import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @WebFilter( urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "reqResFilter" ) public class ReqResFilter implements Filter{ @Autowired private SSOUtils ssoUtils; @Autowired private UserManager userManager; @Autowired private RoleManager roleManager; @Override public void init( FilterConfig filterConfig ) throws ServletException{ } @Override public void doFilter( ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain ) throws IOException, ServletException{ setAuthentication(servletRequest); filterChain.doFilter( servletRequest, servletResponse ); clearAuthentication(); } @Override public void destroy(){ } private void setAuthentication( ServletRequest request ){ Map<String, String> data; try{ data = ssoUtils.getLoginData( ( HttpServletRequest )request ); } catch( Exception e ){ data = new HashMap<>(); data.put( "name", "visitor" ); } String username = data.get( "name" ); if( username != null ){ userManager.findAndInsert( username ); } List<Role> userRole = userManager.findUserRole( username ); List<Long> roleIds = userRole.stream().map( Role::getId ).collect( Collectors.toList() ); List<Permission> rolePermission = roleManager.findRolePermission( roleIds ); List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = rolePermission.stream().map( one -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority( one.getName() ) ).collect( Collectors.toList() ); UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, "", authorities ); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication( authenticationToken ); } private void clearAuthentication(){ SecurityContextHolder.clearContext(); } }
从日志可以看出,Principal: visitor,当访问未授权的接口被拒绝了
16:04:07.429 [http-nio-8081-exec-9] DEBUG org.springframework.security.access.intercept.aopalliance.MethodSecurityInterceptor - Previously Authenticated: org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken@cc4c6ea0: Principal: visitor; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: null; Granted Authorities: CHANGE_USER_ROLE, CHANGE_ROLE_PERMISSION, ROLE_ADD ... org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException: 不允许访问
不登录是可以使用Spring Security的权限,从功能上是没有问题的,但存在一些别的问题
性能问题,每个请求都需要请求用户角色权限数据库,当然可以利用缓存优化
我们写的过滤器其实也是Spring Security做的事,除此之外,它做了更多的事,比如结合HttpSession, Remember me这些功能
我们可以采取另外一种做法,对用户来说只登录一次就行,我们仍然是可以手动用代码再去登录一次Spring Security的
How to login user from java code in Spring Security? 从这篇文章从可以看到,只要通过以下代码即可
private void loginInSpringSecurity( String username, String password ){ UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken loginToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken( username, password ); Authentication authenticatedUser = authenticationManager.authenticate( loginToken ); SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication( authenticatedUser ); }
和上面我们直接拿已经认证过的用户对比,这段代码让Spring Security来执行认证步骤,不过需要配置额外的AuthenticationManager和UserDetailsServiceImpl,这两个配置只是AuthenticationManager的一种实现,和上面的流程区别不大,目的就是为了拿到用户的信息和权限进行认证
import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority; import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority; import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails; import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService; import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; @Service public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService{ private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger( UserDetailsServiceImpl.class ); @Autowired private UserManager userManager; @Autowired private RoleManager roleManager; @Override public UserDetails loadUserByUsername( String username ) throws UsernameNotFoundException{ User user = userManager.findByName( username ); if( user == null ){ logger.info( "登录用户[{}]没注册!", username ); throw new UsernameNotFoundException( "登录用户[" + username + "]没注册!" ); } return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User( user.getUsername(), "", getAuthority( username ) ); } private List<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthority( String username ){ List<Role> userRole = userManager.findUserRole( username ); List<Long> roleIds = userRole.stream().map( Role::getId ).collect( Collectors.toList() ); List<Permission> rolePermission = roleManager.findRolePermission( roleIds ); return rolePermission.stream().map( one -> new SimpleGrantedAuthority( one.getName() ) ).collect( Collectors.toList() ); } }
@Override @Bean public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception{ DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider(); daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService( userDetailsService ); daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder( NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance() ); return new ProviderManager( daoAuthenticationProvider ); }
通过这样的方式,同样实现了权限认证,同时Spring Security会将用户信息和权限缓存到了Session中,这样就不用每次去数据库获取
可以通过两种方式来实现不登录使用SpringSecurity的权限功能
手动组装认证过的Authentication直接写到SecurityContext,需要我们自己使用过滤器控制写入和清除
手动组装未认证过的Authentication,并交给Spring Security认证,并写入SecurityContext
Spring Security是如何配置的,因为只使用权限功能,所有允许所有的路径访问(我们的单点登录会限制接口的访问)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager; import org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager; import org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity; import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter; import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService; import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder; import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration; import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfigurationSource; import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Collections; @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true) public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{ @Autowired private UserDetailsService userDetailsService; @Override protected void configure( HttpSecurity http ) throws Exception{ http .cors() .and() .csrf() .disable() .sessionManagement() .and() .authorizeRequests() .anyRequest() .permitAll() .and() .exceptionHandling() .accessDeniedHandler( new SimpleAccessDeniedHandler() ); } @Override @Bean public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception{ DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider(); daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService( userDetailsService ); daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder( NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance() ); return new ProviderManager( daoAuthenticationProvider ); } @Bean public CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource(){ CorsConfiguration configuration = new CorsConfiguration(); configuration.setAllowedOrigins( Collections.singletonList( "*" ) ); configuration.setAllowedMethods( Arrays.asList( "GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS" ) ); configuration.setAllowCredentials( true ); configuration.setAllowedHeaders( Collections.singletonList( "*" ) ); configuration.setMaxAge( 3600L ); UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(); source.registerCorsConfiguration( "/**", configuration ); return source; } }
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