这篇文章主要讲解了“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”,文中的讲解内容简单清晰,易于学习与理解,下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入,一起来研究和学习“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”吧!
通过查看AuthenticationManagerBuilder的源码可以发现里面还有一个方法 userDetailsService(),允许我们自定义用户存储的实现.如下
/** * Add authentication based upon the custom {@link UserDetailsService} that is passed * in. It then returns a {@link DaoAuthenticationConfigurer} to allow customization of * the authentication. * * <p> * This method also ensure that the {@link UserDetailsService} is available for the * {@link #getDefaultUserDetailsService()} method. Note that additional * {@link UserDetailsService}'s may override this {@link UserDetailsService} as the * default. * </p> * * @return a {@link DaoAuthenticationConfigurer} to allow customization of the DAO * authentication * @throws public <T extends UserDetailsService> DaoAuthenticationConfigurer<AuthenticationManagerBuilder, T> userDetailsService( T userDetailsService) throws Exception { this.defaultUserDetailsService = userDetailsService; return apply(new
我们发现 此方法接收一个 UserDetailsService 的实现类.我们可以再点进去查看一下 UserDetailsService 的源码,如下:
/** * Core interface which loads user-specific data. * <p> * It is used throughout the framework as a user DAO and is the strategy used by the * {@link org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider * DaoAuthenticationProvider}. * * <p> * The interface requires only one read-only method, which simplifies support for new * data-access strategies. * * @see org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider * @see UserDetails * * @author public interface UserDetailsService // ~ Methods // ======================================================================================================== /** * Locates the user based on the username. In the actual implementation, the search * may possibly be case sensitive, or case insensitive depending on how the * implementation instance is configured. In this case, the <code>UserDetails</code> * object that comes back may have a username that is of a different case than what * was actually requested.. * * @param username the username identifying the user whose data is required. * * @return a fully populated user record (never <code>null</code>) * * @throws UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws
发现这是一个接口,并且只有一个方法 loadUserByUsername(),我们所需要做的就是实现loadUserByUsername()方法,根据给定的用户名来查找用户。
loadUserByUsername()方法会返回代表给定用户的UserDetails对象.
而这个UserDetail 又是个什么呢?我们再次产看其源码,如下:
/** * Provides core user information. * * <p> * Implementations are not used directly by Spring Security for security purposes. They * simply store user information which is later encapsulated into {@link Authentication} * objects. This allows non-security related user information (such as email addresses, * telephone numbers etc) to be stored in a convenient location. * <p> * Concrete implementations must take particular care to ensure the non-null contract * detailed for each method is enforced. See * {@link org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User} for a reference * implementation (which you might like to extend or use in your code). * * @see UserDetailsService * @see UserCache * * @author public interface UserDetails extends Serializable // ~ Methods // ======================================================================================================== /** * Returns the authorities granted to the user. Cannot return <code>null</code>. * * @return Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities(); /** * Returns the password used to authenticate the user. * * @return String getPassword(); /** * Returns the username used to authenticate the user. Cannot return <code>null</code> * . * * @return String getUsername(); /** * Indicates whether the user's account has expired. An expired account cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean isAccountNonExpired(); /** * Indicates whether the user is locked or unlocked. A locked user cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean isAccountNonLocked(); /** * Indicates whether the user's credentials (password) has expired. Expired * credentials prevent authentication. * * @return boolean isCredentialsNonExpired(); /** * Indicates whether the user is enabled or disabled. A disabled user cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean
发现这也是一个接口,也就是说我们还要实现这个 UserDetail接口.这个结构封装了用户的登陆信息.
好了,了解了 userDetailsService 方法的构造,我们就可以着手写代码了.
首先定义一个 MyUserService 实现 UserDetailsService 接口.并在重写的 loadUserByUsername 方法中返回 UserDetail类型的对象即可,
代码如下:
/** * 自定义用户实现 * * @author itguang * @create public class MyUserService implements UserDetailsService @Override public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException { //自定义用户存储数据来源,可以是从关系型数据库,非关系性数据库,或者其他地方获取用户数据。 UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity("itguang", "123456", true); //还可以在此设置账号的锁定,过期,凭据失效 等参数 //... // 设置 权限,可以是从数据库中查找出来的 ArrayList<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>(); authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER")); authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN")); userEntity.setAuthorities(authorities); return
可以看到我们最后返回了一个 UserEntity 对象,这个类是我们自定义的 对UserDetail接口的实现类,代码如下:
/** * @author itguang * @create @Data public class UserEntity implements UserDetails{ /** * 用户名 */ private String username; /** * 密码 */ private String password; /** * 是否可用 */ private Boolean enabled; /** *用户所拥有的权限 */ private List<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities; /** * 用户的账号是否过期,过期的账号无法通过授权验证. true 账号未过期 */ private Boolean accountNonExpired = true; /** * 用户的账户是否被锁定,被锁定的账户无法通过授权验证. true 账号未锁定 */ private Boolean accountNonLocked = true; /** * 用户的凭据(pasword) 是否过期,过期的凭据不能通过验证. true 没有过期,false 已过期 */ private Boolean credentialsNonExpired = true; public UserEntity(String username, String password, Boolean enabled) { this.username = username; this.password = password; this.enabled = enabled; } @Override public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() { return authorities; } @Override public String getPassword() { return password; } @Override public String getUsername() { return username; } @Override public boolean isAccountNonExpired() { return accountNonExpired; } @Override public boolean isAccountNonLocked() { return accountNonLocked; } @Override public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() { return credentialsNonExpired; } @Override public boolean isEnabled() { return
为什么我们要这样写呢,其实莫慌,我们如果不像自己实现 UserDetails 接口,Spring Security 已经为我们实现好了.我们来到 UserDetails接口,
把鼠标放到 UserDetails 上,在idea下按 ctrl+h ,我们就可以看到这个接口的实现类,如图:
除了我们自定义的UserEntity外,还有一个 User,其实这就是Spring Security为我们实现好的 UserDetails 类.我们可以看到它的源码如下:
public class User implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer private static final long serialVersionUID = SpringSecurityCoreVersion.SERIAL_VERSION_UID; // ~ Instance fields // ================================================================================================ private String password; private final String username; private final Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities; private final boolean accountNonExpired; private final boolean accountNonLocked; private final boolean credentialsNonExpired; private final boolean enabled; //...
由于源码太长,这里只贴出一部分,可以看到这里面也有我们在UserEntity定义的字段.其实也不奇怪了,本来我们的 UserEntity 就是按着User进行改造的嘛.
之所以自定义UserEntity,这里是为了方面初学者进行快速入门,相比于User我们的UserEntity还是很简单的.
现在 我们的 UserDetailsService 已经完成了,接下来就是在 SecurityConfig 的configure方法中使用了,如下:
/** * 自定义用户存储 * * @author itguang * @create @Configuration @EnableWebSecurity public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter @Override public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception { auth.userDetailsService(new
怎么样是不是很简单.
最后进行测试,运行项目,访问: http://localhost/hello ,会跳转到 http://localhost/login 让我们登陆,我们是输入 用户名 itguang 和密码 123456
点击登录,就会看到浏览器返回一个 hello Spring Security
,说明我们自定义用户存储已经完美实现.
感谢各位的阅读,以上就是“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”的内容了,经过本文的学习后,相信大家对Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储这一问题有了更深刻的体会,具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云,小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章,欢迎关注!
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