FastDFS的HA架构多Group多Storage多Tracker结合SpringBoot

FastDFS前奏

在开始之前，这篇文章并不是初级入门的文章，在该文章发布之前已经有两篇文章讲述了FastDFS和SpringBoot相关的知识，请参阅：

• 《Java高级架构之FastDFS分布式文件集群》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2377669

• 《SpringBoot集成FastDFS+Nginx整合基于Token的防盗链》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2381361

如果需要在FastDFS中实现HTTPS功能，请参阅：

• 《Vue、SprinBoot开发运维的一些坑和知识集锦》：https://blog.51cto.com/xvjunjie/2440933

在下图中，任何一个节点都支持水平横向无限扩展。当在某一个Group中添加新的Storage服务器的时候，新加入该Group的服务器会自动同步所有数据。当新添加Group的时候，只需要修改处于前端的Nginx服务器即可。要实现主备自动切换还可以加入KeepAlived中间件。

• FastDFS服务器通过HTTP提供服务，但是HTTP的性能太弱，所以在V4.05之后的版本中删除了内置的HTTP服务。
• FastDFS的Group之间的Storage需要复制数据，如果请求的数据正在复制，由于不是源服务器，那么fastdfs-nginx-module将进行重定向源服务器。
• fastdfs-nginx-module支持配置多个组，一个服务器可以配置多个Group不同的Storage。同一个Group的Storage必须端口相同。
• Nginx会为FastDFS提供负载均衡和数据缓存的功能。
• FastDFS集群的总容量等于全部Group容量之和。一个Group的容量等于最小的Storage服务器容量。
• 组一般用于隔离不同的数据。

FastDFS分布式文件集群HA架构图

集群中具体机器配置

（1）在所有服务器上部署FastDFS服务

yum update
mkdir /source
cd /source
yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake wget libevent
wget https://github.com/happyfish200/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.35.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/happyfish200/fastdfs/archive/V5.10.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V1.0.35.tar.gz
tar -zxvf V5.10.tar.gz
cd libfastcommon-1.0.35
./make.sh
./make.sh install
ln -s /usr/lib64/libfastcommon.so /usr/local/lib/libfastcommon.so
cd ../
cd fastdfs-5.10/
./make.sh
./make.sh install
cd ../
cp /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/tracker.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/storage.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/storage.conf
cp /etc/fdfs/client.conf.sample /etc/fdfs/client.conf
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/tracker
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/storage
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/client
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume0
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume1
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume2
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume3
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume4
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/disks/volume5

（2）为Storage部署fastdfs-nginx-module

部署步骤

# 添加用户
useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

# 安装Nginx需要的pcre（Perl兼容正则表达式）库，允许Nginx使用rewrite模块提供URL重写功能。
yum install pcre pcre-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed -y

# 安装openssl-devel，允许Nginx提供HTTPS服务。
yum install openssl-devel -y

# 下载软件包
cd /source
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/fastdfs/FastDFS%20Nginx%20Module%20Source%20Code/fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz

# 解压软件包
tar xvf fastdfs-nginx-module_v1.16.tar.gz
tar -xvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz

# 创建必要的软连接
ln -s /usr/include/fastdfs/ /usr/local/include/fastdfs
ln -s /usr/include/fastcommon/ /usr/local/include/fastcommon
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/http.conf /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-5.10/conf/mime.types /etc/fdfs/
cp fastdfs-nginx-module/src/mod_fastdfs.conf /etc/fdfs/
mkdir -p /data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module

# 编译安装
cd nginx-1.16.1
./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/application/nginx-1.16.1 --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-poll_module --with-file-aio --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-pcre --with-http_stub_status_module --with-stream --add-module=/source/fastdfs-nginx-module/src/
make
make install
ln -s /application/nginx-1.16.1/ /application/nginx

# 修改权限并创建systemd控制单元
chown -R nginx:nginx /application/nginx*
touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

Nginx配置文件

user  nginx;
worker_processes  8;

error_log  logs/error.log;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;

        # 配置为主机域名
        server_name  fastdfs-storage1-group1;

        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location ~/group[0-9] {
            ngx_fastdfs_module;
        }
    }
}

配置mod_fastdfs.conf文件

base_path=/data/fdfs/fastdfs-nginx-module
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

# 配置所属组的名称
group_name=group1

url_have_group_name = true
store_path_count=6
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path6=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5

Nginx SystemD单元脚本

[Unit]
Description=nginx
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/application/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /application/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/application/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
Restart=on-abort
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

（3）配置Tracker服务器集群

# 配置tracker的IP地址或者主机域名，前提要进行配置静态hosts解析或者配置DNS
bind_addr=192.168.80.21

# tracker的数据和日志存储目录
base_path=/data/fdfs/tracker

（4）配置Storage服务器集群

# 配置该Storage服务属于哪一个Group
group_name=group1

# 配置绑定的IP地址或者主机域名
bind_addr=192.168.80.12

# 配置日志存储目录
base_path=/data/fdfs/storage

# 配置数据存储目录的个数
store_path_count=6

# 配置数据存储目录
store_path0=/data/fdfs/disks/volume0
store_path2=/data/fdfs/disks/volume1
store_path3=/data/fdfs/disks/volume2
store_path4=/data/fdfs/disks/volume3
store_path5=/data/fdfs/disks/volume4
store_path6=/data/fdfs/disks/volume5

# 配置跟踪服务器的IP地址或者主机域名
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

在全部主机上执行启动服务并设置为开机自启动

（5）在NGINX节点上配置NGINX进行负载均衡

NGINX配置文件

user  nginx;
worker_processes  8;

error_log  logs/error.log;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    sendfile        on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    gzip  on;

    # Group1的Storage节点
    upstream g1_pool {
        server 192.168.80.11 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.12 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.13 weight=1;
    }

    # Group2的Storage节点
    upstream g2_pool {
        server 192.168.80.14 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.15 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.16 weight=1;
    }

    # Group3的Storage节点
    upstream g3_pool {
        server 192.168.80.17 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.18 weight=1;
        server 192.168.80.19 weight=1;
    }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
        access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location ~/group1 {
            proxy_pass http://g1_pool;
        }

        location ~/group2 {
            proxy_pass http://g2_pool;
        }

        location ~/group3 {
            proxy_pass http://g3_pool;
        }

    }
}

启动所有服务

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

# 如果是跟踪服务器执行这两行
systemctl restart fdfs_trackerd
systemctl enable fdfs_trackerd

# 如果是存储服务器执行这两行
systemctl restart fdfs_storaged
systemctl enable fdfs_storaged

（6）使用FastDFS自带的Client上传图片进行测试

在任意一台服务器配置/etc/fdfs/client.conf

base_path=/data/fdfs/client
tracker_server=192.168.80.21:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.22:22122
tracker_server=192.168.80.23:22122

在这台服务器进行上传文件测试

可以看到经过多次上传测试，多Group+多Tracker+多Storager生效了。

group2/M00/00/00/wKhQDl2y9aOAcngTACdpr-L7emo254.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQD12y9aiARzwQACdpr-L7emo948.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group2/M00/00/00/wKhQEF2y9ayAZBcBACdpr-L7emo474.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9a6Af_mrACdpr-L7emo390.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9a-Ae1cWACdpr-L7emo570.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9bGAbWemACdpr-L7emo654.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bKADzEIACdpr-L7emo251.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bOAHT16ACdpr-L7emo211.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9bSAEwBUACdpr-L7emo190.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bWAc4CSACdpr-L7emo991.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9baAJmqNACdpr-L7emo880.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9biAbE8IACdpr-L7emo426.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAGh6pACdpr-L7emo466.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bmATKQjACdpr-L7emo349.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M03/00/00/wKhQE12y9bmAXVOfACdpr-L7emo921.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bmAV9sqACdpr-L7emo420.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQEl2y9bqAOg2NACdpr-L7emo216.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M04/00/00/wKhQE12y9bqAcZKEACdpr-L7emo382.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEV2y9bqAJVS9ACdpr-L7emo910.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buATzq2ACdpr-L7emo523.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M05/00/00/wKhQE12y9buALTHRACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEV2y9buAJO-PACdpr-L7emo079.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M00/00/00/wKhQEl2y9buAP1NpACdpr-L7emo443.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
^[[Agroup3/M00/00/00/wKhQE12y9byAdfYxACdpr-L7emo025.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEV2y9byAJB2OACdpr-L7emo747.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQEl2y9byAIye6ACdpr-L7emo456.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M01/00/00/wKhQE12y9byADddiACdpr-L7emo585.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
^[[Agroup3/M02/00/00/wKhQEV2y9b2AFuifACdpr-L7emo318.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQEl2y9b2AQ3prACdpr-L7emo501.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group3/M02/00/00/wKhQE12y9b2AbG-UACdpr-L7emo027.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQC12y9b6AZ866ACdpr-L7emo376.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b6ABGW6ACdpr-L7emo312.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M00/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b6AFEd_ACdpr-L7emo639.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AU07YACdpr-L7emo467.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDF2y9b-ALDNrACdpr-L7emo209.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M01/00/00/wKhQDV2y9b-AAsKGACdpr-L7emo483.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQC12y9b-AfzkvACdpr-L7emo440.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cCATq8TACdpr-L7emo504.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M02/00/00/wKhQDV2y9cCAUPEnACdpr-L7emo555.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQC12y9cCABjj9ACdpr-L7emo576.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png 
group1/M03/00/00/wKhQDF2y9cGAHNLqACdpr-L7emo735.png
[root@fastdfs-storage1-group1 source]# /usr/bin/fdfs_upload_file /etc/fdfs/client.conf /source/girl.png

（7）集成到SpringBoot工程进行测试

在SpringBoot中使用FastDFS的时候需要集成fastdfs-spring-boot-starter：

• 项目主页GitHub地址：https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

• 项目主页码云地址：https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

克隆项目到本地

git clone https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-spring-boot-starter.git
cd fastdfs-spring-boot-starter

使用Maven编译打包并安装到本地

mvn clean install
mvn source:jar install
mvn javadoc:jar install

在POM文件中添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.bluemiaomiao</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastdfs-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>

在主配置类上添加注解 (@EnableFastdfsClient)

@EnableFastdfsClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

    @Autowired
    private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }
}

添加配置条目(application.properties)

fastdfs.nginx-servers=192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
fastdfs.tracker-servers=192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122
fastdfs.http-secret-key=2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn

# 在本项目中没有使用Token功能
fastdfs.http-anti-steal-token=false

fastdfs.http-tracker-http-port=8080
fastdfs.network-timeout=30
fastdfs.connect-timeout=5
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-idle=18
fastdfs.connection-pool-min-idle=2
fastdfs.connection-pool-max-total=18
fastdfs.charset=UTF-8

或者添加配置条目(application.yml)

fastdfs:
  charset: UTF-8
  connect-timeout: 5
  http-secret-key: 2scPwMPctXhbLVOYB0jyuyQzytOofmFCBIYe65n56PPYVWrn
  network-timeout: 30
  http-anti-steal-token: false
  http-tracker-http-port: 8080
  connection-pool-max-idle: 20
  connection-pool-max-total: 20
  connection-pool-min-idle: 2
  nginx-servers: 192.168.80.50:80,192.168.80.51:80
  tracker-servers: 192.168.80.21:22122,192.168.80.22:22122,192.168.80.23:22122

测试主要代码

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FileController {

    @Autowired
    private FastdfsClientService fastdfsClientService;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public String[] upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
        String[] remoteInfo = null;
        try {
            remoteInfo = fastdfsClientService.upload("group1", file.getBytes(), "png", null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return remoteInfo;
    }

    @GetMapping("/download")
    public String download(@RequestParam("group") String group, @RequestParam("file_id") String fileId) {
        String url = "";
        try {
            url = fastdfsClientService.autoDownloadWithoutToken(group, fileId, UUID.randomUUID().toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return url;
    }
}

• 项目测试代码：https://github.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git

• 国内码云：https://gitee.com/bluemiaomiao/fastdfs-cluster-test.git