怎么用C#实现贪吃蛇小游戏

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界面

界面比较简单，一个按钮和一个积分器组成。
基本逻辑：每五个食物出现一次大食物，小食物1分，大食物5分。
控制：撞墙和缠绕时，游戏暂停。

代码详解

详细介绍下代码

一、代码分详解

1.界面是在pc上，所以移动以上下左右键来控制移动，为了及时响应，所以增加如下代码

protected override bool ProcessDialogKey(Keys keyData)
        {
            //遇到上下左右键 就自定义处理
            if (keyData == Keys.Up || keyData == Keys.Down ||
            keyData == Keys.Left || keyData == Keys.Right)
                return false;
            else
                return base.ProcessDialogKey(keyData);
        }

2.做个枚举，来标记某个时间状态下蛇的移动方向，配合键盘按键

/// <summary>
/// 方向枚举
/// </summary>
    public enum SnakeDirection
    {
        Left,
        Right,
        Down,
        Up
    }
            /// <summary>
        /// 键盘和鼠标按下时 处理 但必须有控件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void SnakeForm_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Up)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Up;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Down)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Down;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Left)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Left;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Right)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Right;
            }
        }

3.声明一个蛇的类，存储所有蛇的相关信息，如所有蛇身体的节点位置

public class Snake

主要变量如下

public static SnakeDirection Sd;//蛇进行的方向 上下左右四个方向
public int Location_X;//0为x，1为y 蛇的初始位置
public int Location_Y;
public static List<Snake> Snakebody = new List<Snake>();//蛇身子的具体位置，每次位移都刷新一次 整个蛇身子的所有位置  最后一位是蛇头 
public static int width = 10, height = 10;
public static int CurScore = 1;//当前食物的分数
public static int AllScore = -1;//总分数
public static int MaxScore = 5;//大分出现频次

4.声明一个食物的类，同时增加一个方法，随机在界面上的一个位置显示食物

public class Food
    {
        public int Food_Location_X;
        public int Food_Location_Y;
        public Food()
        {
            Random x = new Random();
            Random y = new Random();
            Food_Location_X = x.Next(0, 49) * 10;//随机点出现食物
            Food_Location_Y = y.Next(0, 49) * 10;//随机点出现食物
        }
    }

5.点击开始按钮，触发开始相关方法，主要是启动刷新的时间器，初始化食物位置，初始化积分等

public  void refreshScore()
        {
            Snake.AllScore = Snake.AllScore+ Snake.CurScore;
           this.SnakeScore.Text = Convert.ToString(Snake.AllScore);
        }
        private int FoodX = 0;//食物X轴
        private int FoodY = 0;//食物Y轴

        private void BeginBtn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Snake.Start();//创建蛇
            CreateNewFood();
            StartTimer.Start();
            StartTimer.Interval = 100;//毫秒刷新一次
        }

6.定时器启动后，定时刷新，我这边设置的是100毫秒，也可以做一个前端设置按钮，增加游戏趣味性，同时也可以设置根据不同的积分处理此设置

定时器中有画蛇身体的方法、随机一个食物位置的方法、蛇移动的方法、蛇是否吃到食物的方法、游戏有没有结束的方法

/// <summary>
/// 开始的定时器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
        private void StartTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DrawSnake();
            DrawFood();

            Snake.Move(Snake.Sd);//蛇移动 移动的方向键盘控制
            EatFood();
            IsOrNotGameOver();
           
        }

7.画蛇的方法如下

/// <summary>
/// 画蛇
/// </summary>
        public void DrawSnake()
        {
            RectangleF[] rectangles = new RectangleF[Snake.Snakebody.Count];

            int num;
            for (num = 0; num < Snake.Snakebody.Count; num++)
            {
                rectangles[num] = new RectangleF(Snake.Snakebody[num].Location_X,
                    Snake.Snakebody[num].Location_Y, Snake.width, Snake.height);
            }
            this.Refresh();

            Graphics g = this.Snake_Panel.CreateGraphics();
            SolidBrush myBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
            g.FillRectangles(myBrush, rectangles);
        }

8.食物显示的方法如下，其中MaxScore表示小食物出现的次数，每出现一次此值减一，当为0时，食物变为大食物。

/// <summary>
/// 食物的位置
/// </summary>
        public void DrawFood()
        {
            Graphics f = this.Snake_Panel.CreateGraphics();
            SolidBrush mybrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);
          
            if (Snake.MaxScore==0)
            {
                f.FillRectangle(mybrush, FoodX, FoodY, 20, 20);//随机了食物的位置
            }
            else
            {
                f.FillRectangle(mybrush, FoodX, FoodY, 10, 10);//随机了食物的位置
            }
        }

9.当每次刷新时，蛇都会移动，相应的蛇整体的位置也会发生变化，但蛇身有痕迹，所以使用如下方式进行蛇体变化

//蛇的移动操作 每次移动 都需要改变蛇身体
public static void Move(SnakeDirection Sd)
            {
                int i = Snakebody.Count - 1;//根据不同的移动方向 需要对相对位置发生变化，这个操作保证蛇身按照蛇头的轨迹运转
                switch (Sd)
                {
                    case SnakeDirection.Up:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_Y -= 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Left:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_X -= 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Down:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_Y += 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Right:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_X += 10;
                        break;
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 每次移动一次 改变蛇身体的相对位置
            /// </summary>
            public static void ChangeSnakeLine()
            {
                int j = 0;
                int x, y;
                int i = Snakebody.Count - 1;
                for (j = 0; j < i; j++)//蛇 1位置变为蛇0  2=》1  3=》2
                {
                    x = Snakebody[j + 1].Location_X;
                    y = Snakebody[j + 1].Location_Y;
                    Snakebody[j].Location_Y = y;
                    Snakebody[j].Location_X = x;
                }
            }

10.刷新蛇身体后，要判断食物位置是否和蛇头碰撞，当发生碰撞时，表示蛇吃掉了食物，食物刷新，蛇身体增长

/// <summary>
/// 吃掉食物 判断蛇头位置和食物位置相同时，食物重新刷新
/// </summary>
        public void EatFood()
        {
            if (Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X == FoodX
                && Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y == FoodY)
            {
                Snake.AddBody();//增加 蛇身增加
                //吃掉食物之后 随机创建一个新的食物
                CreateNewFood();
            }
        }
                    //吃一个节点 变为新的蛇头
            public static void AddBody()
            {
                Snake S_eat = new Snake();
                int xx = Snakebody[Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X;
                int yy = Snakebody[Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y;
                switch (Sd)
                {
                    case SnakeDirection.Up:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy - 10;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Left:
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx - 10;
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Down:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy + 10;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Right:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx + 10;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                }
            }

11.食物被吃掉后，食物刷新，同时判断小食物出现的次数

/// </summary>
public void CreateNewFood()
        {
            refreshScore();
            bool IsCreate = false;
            while (!IsCreate)//是否创建成功
            {
                Food NewFood = new Food();
                FoodX = NewFood.Food_Location_X;
                FoodY = NewFood.Food_Location_Y;
                //判断这个不会出现在蛇身上
                IsCreate = true;//创建成功
                for (int i = 0; i < Snake.Snakebody.Count; i++)
                {
                    if (Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_X == FoodX && Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_Y == FoodY)//当坐标相同 终止for 未创建成功
                    {
                        IsCreate = false;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (IsCreate)
                {
                    if (!(FoodX <= this.Snake_Panel.Width-10 && FoodX >= 10 && FoodY <= this.Snake_Panel.Height-10 && FoodY >= 10))//食物不在范围内 重新刷新
                    {
                        IsCreate = false;
                    }
                }
                if (IsCreate)
                {
                    if (Snake.Snakebody.Count != 4)
                    {
                        Snake.MaxScore--;//不是第一次创建食物时
                    }
                    Snake.CurScore = 1;//当前小节点的分数
                    if (Snake.MaxScore == 0)
                    {
                        Snake.CurScore = 5;//当前小节点的分数
                    }
                    else if (Snake.MaxScore<0)
                    {
                        Snake.MaxScore = 5;//初始化次数
                    }
                }
                
            }
        }

12.每次定时器刷新，蛇身会发生变化，同时就需要判断蛇是否触发终止规则
蛇身体缠绕，蛇头碰壁表示游戏终止

/// <summary>
/// 
/// </summary>
public void IsOrNotGameOver()
        {
            int x = Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X;
            int y = Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y;
            bool IsGameOver = false;
            if (!(x <= this.Snake_Panel.Width && x >= 0 && y <= this.Snake_Panel.Height && y >= 0))//蛇头碰触到边框
            {
                IsGameOver = true;
            }
            //蛇头碰到自己蛇身
            for(int i=0;i< Snake.Snakebody.Count - 2; i++)
            {
                if(Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_X==x&& Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_Y == y)
                {
                    IsGameOver = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (IsGameOver)
            {
                GameOver();
                StartTimer.Stop();
            }
        }

以上就是整个蛇运行的逻辑

二、完整代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Project_Snake
{
    public partial class SnakeForm : Form
    {
        public SnakeForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        //为了上下左右键起作用 需要重写这个操作
        protected override bool ProcessDialogKey(Keys keyData)
        {
            //遇到上下左右键 就自定义处理
            if (keyData == Keys.Up || keyData == Keys.Down ||
            keyData == Keys.Left || keyData == Keys.Right)
                return false;
            else
                return base.ProcessDialogKey(keyData);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 键盘和鼠标按下时 处理 但必须有控件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void SnakeForm_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Up)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Up;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Down)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Down;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Left)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Left;
            }
            else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Right)
            {
                Snake.Sd = SnakeDirection.Right;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 蛇的控件 记录蛇的基本方法
        /// </summary>
        public class Snake
        {
            public static SnakeDirection Sd;//蛇进行的方向 上下左右四个方向
            public int Location_X;//0为x，1为y 蛇的初始位置
            public int Location_Y;
            public static List<Snake> Snakebody = new List<Snake>();//蛇身子的具体位置，每次位移都刷新一次 整个蛇身子的所有位置  最后一位是蛇头 
            public static int width = 10, height = 10;
            public static int CurScore = 1;//当前食物的分数
            public static int AllScore = -1;//总分数
            public static int MaxScore = 5;//大分出现频次
            //当前方向
            public Snake()
            {
                Location_X = 300;
                Location_Y = 300;

            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 蛇初始化 朝向 初始长度等
            /// </summary>
            public static void Start()
            {
                MaxScore = 5;
                AllScore = -1;
                CurScore = 1;
                Sd = SnakeDirection.Left;//默认往左跑
                Snakebody.Clear();//每次操作舍身重置
                //添加初始化的小蛇位置
                Snake s0 = new Snake();//蛇1
                Snake s1 = new Snake();//蛇2
                Snake s2 = new Snake();
                Snake s3 = new Snake();
                //默认四个长度 蛇的位置
                Snakebody.Add(s0);//默认蛇1位置   Snakebody[0]是蛇头
                s1.Location_X = s0.Location_X - 10;
                Snakebody.Add(s1);
                s2.Location_X = s1.Location_X - 10;
                Snakebody.Add(s2);
                s3.Location_X = s2.Location_X - 10;
                Snakebody.Add(s3);
            }
            //蛇的移动操作 每次移动 都需要改变蛇身体
            public static void Move(SnakeDirection Sd)
            {
                int i = Snakebody.Count - 1;//根据不同的移动方向 需要对相对位置发生变化，这个操作保证蛇身按照蛇头的轨迹运转
                switch (Sd)
                {
                    case SnakeDirection.Up:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_Y -= 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Left:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_X -= 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Down:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_Y += 10;
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Right:
                        ChangeSnakeLine();
                        Snakebody[i].Location_X += 10;
                        break;
                }
            }
            /// <summary>
            /// 每次移动一次 改变蛇身体的相对位置
            /// </summary>
            public static void ChangeSnakeLine()
            {
                int j = 0;
                int x, y;
                int i = Snakebody.Count - 1;
                for (j = 0; j < i; j++)//蛇 1位置变为蛇0  2=》1  3=》2
                {
                    x = Snakebody[j + 1].Location_X;
                    y = Snakebody[j + 1].Location_Y;
                    Snakebody[j].Location_Y = y;
                    Snakebody[j].Location_X = x;
                }
            }
            //吃一个节点 变为新的蛇头
            public static void AddBody()
            {
                Snake S_eat = new Snake();
                int xx = Snakebody[Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X;
                int yy = Snakebody[Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y;
                switch (Sd)
                {
                    case SnakeDirection.Up:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy - 10;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Left:
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx - 10;
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Down:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy + 10;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                    case SnakeDirection.Right:
                        S_eat.Location_Y = yy;
                        S_eat.Location_X = xx + 10;
                        Snakebody.Add(S_eat);
                        break;
                }
            }
            
        }
        public  void refreshScore()
        {
            Snake.AllScore = Snake.AllScore+ Snake.CurScore;
           this.SnakeScore.Text = Convert.ToString(Snake.AllScore);
        }
        private int FoodX = 0;//食物X轴
        private int FoodY = 0;//食物Y轴

        private void BeginBtn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Snake.Start();//创建蛇
            CreateNewFood();

            StartTimer.Start();
            StartTimer.Interval = 100;//毫秒刷新一次

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 开始的定时器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void StartTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            DrawSnake();
            DrawFood();

            Snake.Move(Snake.Sd);//蛇移动 移动的方向键盘控制
            EatFood();
            IsOrNotGameOver();
           
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 画蛇
        /// </summary>
        public void DrawSnake()
        {
            RectangleF[] rectangles = new RectangleF[Snake.Snakebody.Count];

            int num;
            for (num = 0; num < Snake.Snakebody.Count; num++)
            {
                rectangles[num] = new RectangleF(Snake.Snakebody[num].Location_X,
                    Snake.Snakebody[num].Location_Y, Snake.width, Snake.height);
            }
            this.Refresh();

            Graphics g = this.Snake_Panel.CreateGraphics();
            SolidBrush myBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Black);
            g.FillRectangles(myBrush, rectangles);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建一个新的食物，也就是一个小点，红色
        /// </summary>
        public void CreateNewFood()
        {
            refreshScore();
            bool IsCreate = false;
            while (!IsCreate)//是否创建成功
            {
                Food NewFood = new Food();
                FoodX = NewFood.Food_Location_X;
                FoodY = NewFood.Food_Location_Y;
                //判断这个不会出现在蛇身上
                IsCreate = true;//创建成功
                for (int i = 0; i < Snake.Snakebody.Count; i++)
                {
                    if (Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_X == FoodX && Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_Y == FoodY)//当坐标相同 终止for 未创建成功
                    {
                        IsCreate = false;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (IsCreate)
                {
                    if (!(FoodX <= this.Snake_Panel.Width-10 && FoodX >= 10 && FoodY <= this.Snake_Panel.Height-10 && FoodY >= 10))//食物不在范围内 重新刷新
                    {
                        IsCreate = false;
                    }
                }
                if (IsCreate)
                {
                    if (Snake.Snakebody.Count != 4)
                    {
                        Snake.MaxScore--;//不是第一次创建食物时
                    }
                    Snake.CurScore = 1;//当前小节点的分数
                    if (Snake.MaxScore == 0)
                    {
                        Snake.CurScore = 5;//当前小节点的分数
                    }
                    else if (Snake.MaxScore<0)
                    {
                        Snake.MaxScore = 5;//初始化次数
                    }
                }
                
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 食物的位置
        /// </summary>
        public void DrawFood()
        {
            Graphics f = this.Snake_Panel.CreateGraphics();
            SolidBrush mybrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Red);
          
            if (Snake.MaxScore==0)
            {
                f.FillRectangle(mybrush, FoodX, FoodY, 20, 20);//随机了食物的位置
            }
            else
            {
                f.FillRectangle(mybrush, FoodX, FoodY, 10, 10);//随机了食物的位置
            }

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 吃掉食物 判断蛇头位置和食物位置相同时，食物重新刷新
        /// </summary>
        public void EatFood()
        {
            if (Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X == FoodX
                && Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y == FoodY)
            {
                Snake.AddBody();//增加 蛇身增加
                //吃掉食物之后 随机创建一个新的食物
                CreateNewFood();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 
        /// </summary>
        public void IsOrNotGameOver()
        {
            int x = Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_X;
            int y = Snake.Snakebody[Snake.Snakebody.Count - 1].Location_Y;
            bool IsGameOver = false;
            if (!(x <= this.Snake_Panel.Width && x >= 0 && y <= this.Snake_Panel.Height && y >= 0))//蛇头碰触到边框
            {
                IsGameOver = true;
            }
            //蛇头碰到自己蛇身
            for(int i=0;i< Snake.Snakebody.Count - 2; i++)
            {
                if(Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_X==x&& Snake.Snakebody[i].Location_Y == y)
                {
                    IsGameOver = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (IsGameOver)
            {
                GameOver();
                StartTimer.Stop();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 游戏结束
        /// </summary>
        public void GameOver()
        {

        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 方向枚举
    /// </summary>
    public enum SnakeDirection
    {
        Left,
        Right,
        Down,
        Up
    }
    //食物类 食物的纵轴横轴
    public class Food
    {
        public int Food_Location_X;
        public int Food_Location_Y;
        public Food()
        {
            Random x = new Random();
            Random y = new Random();
            Food_Location_X = x.Next(0, 49) * 10;//随机点出现食物
            Food_Location_Y = y.Next(0, 49) * 10;//随机点出现食物
        }
    }

}

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